seif addin abbarin

The contemporary period in Iran's history can be seen in all aspects as a battleground between tradition and modernity. This conflict is also clearly seen in the field of literature. Some have considered tradition as a cause of deterioration and have risen against it, and some have completely adhered to tradition and have not embraced innovation. In the meantime, there have been those who, while adhering to some components of tradition, also considered modernity and novelty as a necessity and have taken steps in this direction. Hossein Manzavi, one of the neoclassical lyricists, has such a view; He has adapted Ghazal to Nima's theories and considers himself one of Nima's "phoenix in bloom". At the same time, he calls his ghazal Hafezvar (like Hafez' poetry) and acknowledges the influence of tradition in his ghazal. This duality can be seen especially in the field of theme and content, which is the subject of the present research. This approach has caused traditional topics and themes to be seen in his poetry alongside contemporary and new topics and individual experiences; Physical love and eroticism, aesthetics different from the beloved, and realism and relying on individual experiences can be considered as aspects of his modernization in the field of theme. In the current research, the dimensions of isolated traditionalism and modernism have been investigated in the subject and theme. The result of the present research shows the integration of modernism and traditionalism in different dimensions of theme, language, and poetic images in isolated poetry.

Poetic imagery always discovers unknown realms and draws them into the realm of words; The vaste of poetic imagery is wide in poems . The imagery of poets according to their poetic experiences have a various origins. Some people use the city and urban life and modern phenomena as their source of inspiration in imagery, while others are more emphasis to nature and elements of nature, and some poets use religion as a source of inspiration in imagery. However, in the poetry of most poets, diversity is seen in the origin of imagery and the scope of imagery. But in this regard the images is a new have a effectiva than and interest than others. the variety of imaginary origins can be seen In Mohammad Reza Torki's poems. Because of this,effefort to be appear the roots of imagery in Torkis poem. The result of the research indicates that the inspiration of nature in the creation of the images, religious and religious elements and elements related to contemporary life are colorful in his poetic imagery and the origin of the symbol in his poetry is myth, history and religion.

Poetic language be created by a some genres of detour from the norms. poetic language usually emphasis to mode of expression as than as subject and have a aesthetic dimension. poets always detour from the rules of normative language in order to foregrounding and defamiliarization. One of the widely used genres of deviation is semantic deviation, poets does not choose a direct language to convey his thoughts and feelings and uses all kinds of poetic images such as simile, metaphor, synaesthesia, paradox and etc and with a this foregrounding in poetic language. Babachahi widely use the Semantic deviation in his poems and this genre of deviation have a vaste role in literariness. Between the all type of Semantic deviation Simile is the most frequent in his poem. metaphor has less use, and he has also used the the othere types of semantic deviation as subordinate metaphor, symbol, paradox and synaesthesia for the defamiliarization of his speech. In the present study, the genres of Semantic deviation in Babachahi poetry has been studied and with a descriptive- analytic method has been investigated.

Writers of manuscripts in various era due to the diffrent resaons have had a mistakes in texts.This mistakes and conversion in some cases have resulted from the low literary and linguistic knowledge of writers and in other hand have resulted from the carelessness and Impatience of writers and in some cases have been intentional.Because of,often have seen mistakes like this in literary works especially poet divans and other texts.Khaqanis divan isnt excluding from this rule. His divan as well as Difficulty and hardness than other poetry divans and this subject have been the source many mistakes in his divan.Origin of some mistakes in the writing o khaqanis divan have been because of unfamilitry with khaqanis literary style as rhetorical and imagery originality.In other hand,Allusions to some scientific opinions and trusts of poet era as medical and astronomical hints and other historical,folklore and folk beliefes added to the complexity of khaqanis poem and correctly writing has become difficult and mistakes with a this seen in manuscripts.The result of the research makes clear that writers of late manuscripts,tehran and paris manuscripts have had a many mistakes in text with compare old manuscripts of this divan.

Fazel Nazari is one of the contemporary modernist poets in sonnets. A significant part of this poet's modernity is in poetic images, and that he relies on his personal vision and emphasizes empiricism and objectivism in the image. He is inspired by personal attitude and takes advantage of contemporary phenomena in illustration and in precision resembles to the meticulous Indian poets. These images are the cause of his eloquence and has an aesthetic character. They play an important role in influencing and captivating his poetry. This study explores the modernity sources of Fazel in illustration, and based on this, nature and modernity phenomena are examined as two important sources in his visual modernity in a descriptive-analytical manner. The emergence of elements of nature and contemporary phenomena in his poetry are analyzed. The present study clarifies that image is one of the important dimensions of the influence of Fazel's poetry and the above-mentioned elements have a flawless presence in his visual modernism.The emergence of elements of nature and contemporary phenomena in his poetry are analyzed. The present study clarifies that image is one of the important dimensions of the influence of Fazel's poetry and the above-mentioned elements have a flawless presence in his visual modernism

Manuchehr Neyestani can be considered as the one of the pioneers of persian modern sonnet(Ghazal). Hussein Monzavi considered him one of the pioneers of persian modern ghazal and believed that his place in the changes and developments of contemporary Ghazal , It remains unknown. Neyestani's all-encompassing endeavor to achieve a new form in Ghazal has made him one of the first Ghazal poets that has taken a step in this direction. His efforts to expand the content and capacities of the Ghazal are also remarkable, and he has not paid much attention to the thematic clichés of traditional Ghazal and their repeated aesthetic criteria, and has replaced individualism, realism, and subjectivism.he has also created new and innovative images based on individual and personal perspectives and inspired by the elements and characteristics of its time and Environment. In the poetic language, he has broken the hegemony of literary language and He has introduced colloquial and spoken words and expressions in ghazal. The present study tries to examine and study the neyestani's modernities in the mentioned fields and to reveal the position of this poet in the dimensions of modernity in Ghazal.

Shivan Fomnei or in his own words, "the Northern Poet of Love," is one of the most modernist ghazal(sonnet)poets in persian contemporary poetry. His innovations in the poetic imagry and poetic language is spread and in some instances based on nativism and climitism. The present study discuss around the innovation of Shivan in poetry language and study the poetic language of Shivan in the various dimensions poetry language of Shivan in Ghazals is contemporary language and who write with a live language of time. Contemporary words, idioms and Conversational combinations and terms and Contemporary proverbs and allusiones show his innovation language in Ghazals. This aspects result to facilitate communication and linguatic sincerity. Use of Gilaki language words in shivan poems is other linguastic aspet of his Ghazals. The most important innovation of Shivan in literary linguastic is in word combination. Shivan have a very new combinationes in his Ghazals and frequancy of new combinationes in his ghazal is high. Some time components and elements of this new combinationes are derived from the native elements of Gilan and northern Iran

Tradition is the basis of firm structure of poetry and every poet is influenced by literary tradition and poems of his predecessors. This impact is low in the poetry of some poets and in the poem of others is high. Shafiei is a poet who tradition and ancestors poems and their manifestation in his poetry are stronger than most of contemporary poets. Because of his attachment to Old Persian literature heritage he was influenced by former poets. Meanwhile Hafiz plays prominent role in Shafiei's mind and language. Shafiei is infatuated of Hafiz and his interest in Hafiz has had a profound impact on his poem. This effect is sometimes shown in inserting other's verses in own poem, hemistich, semi-hemistich and sometimes repeating poetic vocabulary. Alongside this, the major Hafiz's thought which is anti-hypocrisy and critique of hypocritical religious, Shafiei uses some of the words related to Hafiz's thoughts including: Rend, Mohtaseb, Shehneh, Asas and so on utilized it with adapting with his social-political thinking as Hafiz in form of positive and negative personalities. Some of Hafiz's verses also serve as an inspiration for composing poems and making themes in Shafiei's poem. In addition, we can see the influence of Hafiz, in the dimension of image making. Studying and adapting the poetic language, themes and poetic images of two poets reveals this influence and present study examines this effect by mentioning eamples and using a descriptive-analytic method. Studying Shafiei's poem in this regard leads us to conclude that Hafiz is one of the most influential traditional poets Shafiei kadkani's thought and language.