seyed ali aleyasin

 This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of logotherapy on psychological capital and cognitive emotion regulation in women affected by marital infidelity.

 The research was quasi-experimental, employing a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population included all women affected by marital infidelity who sought psychotherapy and counseling in Tehran in 2023. From this population, 30 participants were selected through convenience sampling. Data collection instruments included Luthans' Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007) and Garnefski & Kraaij's Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-short) (2006). Participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of logotherapy based on Frankl's theory (1992), while the control group received no intervention. After the sessions, the posttest was conducted, followed by a three-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and mixed variance analysis through SPSS-26 software.

 The results revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in psychological capital and adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Logotherapy significantly increased self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism in women affected by marital infidelity. Additionally, the time factor showed significant improvement in variables such as acceptance, positive refocusing, planning, positive reappraisal, putting into perspective, self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing, and other-blame.

 Logotherapy proved to be an effective method for enhancing psychological capital and cognitive emotion regulation in women affected by marital infidelity. The effects remained stable over time, contributing to improved psychological and emotional well-being in this group of women.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on social anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and shame of body interpretation in girls with body dysmorphic disorder. The research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included adolescent girls suffering from body deformity disorder in the city of Qom in the period of 2023, using the non-random sampling method, 30 adolescent girls were randomly selected into two experimental groups (15 people) and Witnesses (15 people) were replaced. The experimental group received 10 sessions of group therapy schema, 1 session per week and each session for 2 hours, as a therapeutic intervention. To collect data, Lajerka's Adolescent Social Anxiety Questionnaire (1999), Lori's (1983) Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaire, and Durat et al.'s (2014) Body Shame Questionnaire were used. Data analysis was done using SPSS software and covariance analysis. The results of the research showed that schema therapy training was effective on social anxiety (0.35), fear of negative evaluation (0.53), and shame from body interpretation (0.30) in girls with body dysmorphic disorder. According to the findings of this research, schema therapy can be used as a therapeutic strategy to reduce social anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and shame from body interpretation in girls with body dysmorphic disorder.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of child-centered play therapy on behavioral problems and cognitive regulation of emotion in children with anxiety disorders. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the study included all children aged 6 to 9 years with symptoms of anxiety disorders in Feridoonkanar city in 1401, from which 75 children were selected by available sampling. Then, among these children, 30 children who had the highest score on the anxiety scale were randomly placed in two groups (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group). The measurement tools included Spence et al.'s Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS, 2001), Rutter et al.'s Behavioral Problem Scale (BPS, 1967), and Gross & John Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ, 2003). The experimental group underwent the child-centered play therapy intervention of Landreth (1993) during eight 45-minute sessions twice a week. Multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that by controlling the pre-test effect, there is a significant difference between the post-test mean of behavioral problems and cognitive regulation of emotion in the two experimental and control groups at the p<0.05 level. As a result, child-centered play therapy can be used as an efficient method in improving behavioral problems and cognitive regulation of emotions in children with anxiety disorders.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of functional psychoanalytic treatment on attachment styles and primary maladaptive schemas in women affected by marital infidelity. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all women affected by marital infidelity who were referred to the counseling centers of District 5 of Tehran in 2021. Based on this, 30 women were selected by random sampling and 15 were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group. The data collection tools in this research were the Hazan & Shaver Adult Attachment Style Questionnaire (AASQ, 1987) and Young's Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-SF, 1998). the functional analytical psychotherapy protocol in 12 sessions of 90 minutes, twice a week A group was conducted for the experimental group. To analyze the data, the multivariate covariance test (MANCOVA) was used. The research findings showed that the pre-test effect between the post-test mean in attachment styles and initial maladaptive schemas was controlled. There was a significant difference at 0.05 in the two experimental and control groups. As a result, functional psychoanalytic therapy can be effective as an effective intervention for women affected by marital infidelity.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of schema therapy on interpersonal dependence and emotional inadequacy of women with dependent personality.

The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-posttest design with a control group and a two-month followup phase. The statistical population of the study included women suffering from dependent personality disorder who referred to psychological and counseling centers in the 2nd district of Tehran, who were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received schema therapy intervention during 8 sessions of 70 minutes. Structured Clinical Interview (SCI), Toronto Emotional Dysfunction Scale (TAS-20), Revised Dependent Personality Disorder Questionnaires (DPI-R) and Interpersonal Dependency Questionnaire (IDI) were used to collect data. And the data obtained from the research was analyzed by the method of mixed variance analysis with repeated measurements.

The results showed that schema therapy has a significant effect on reducing personal dependence and emotional failure of people with dependent personality disorder (P<0.01).

Based on the findings of the present research, it can be concluded that schema therapy using techniques such as teaching coping style and communicating between current problems and schemas and prioritizing and specifying the most problematic behavior and providing appropriate methods to improve the dependence between Individual and reduction of emotional failure in women with dependent personality disorder should be used.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in reducing rumination and enhancing quality of life among girls diagnosed with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). This randomized controlled trial involved 60 participants, diagnosed with BDD, who were recruited from the Pouyesh Clinic in Tehran in 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to either a CBT intervention group or a control group, with each group comprising 30 participants. The intervention consisted of ten 75-minute sessions of CBT specifically tailored to address rumination and improve quality of life. Data were collected at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at a three-month follow-up, and analyzed using Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measurements and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.The CBT intervention led to a significant reduction in rumination, with mean scores decreasing from 18.45 (SD = 3.52) pre-treatment to 13.67 (SD = 3.01) post-treatment, and slightly rising to 14.22 (SD = 2.86) at follow-up. Quality of life significantly improved, increasing from a mean of 42.58 (SD = 4.45) pre-treatment to 49.73 (SD = 4.12) post-treatment, with a slight reduction at follow-up to 48.89 (SD = 3.98). Statistical analysis confirmed significant time effects (F(2, 116) = 19.45, p < 0.001, η² = 0.15) and time × group interaction effects (F(2, 116) = 11.58, p < 0.001, η² = 0.10). The findings suggest that CBT is effective in significantly reducing rumination and improving quality of life among girls with BDD. The intervention showed durability of effects at a three-month follow-up, indicating its potential for long-term benefits. These results support the incorporation of CBT into treatment protocols for BDD to address specific cognitive processes and enhance overall well-being.

 Breast cancer is one of the most challenging diseases in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of logotherapy on coping strategies for pain, psychological capital, and death anxiety in women with breast cancer.

This was an applied and semi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included women referring to Zafar Medical Complex in Karaj city, among whom 30 women with breast cancer were selected by non-random sampling method. The samples were divided into two experimental and control groups using the multivariate covariance method after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Having obtained written consent from the participants, they filled out questionnaires of Rosenstein's Pain Coping Strategies, Luthans' Psychological Capitals, and Templer's Death Anxiety at the pre-test stage. Following that, the experimental group was trained in Blair's logotherapy protocol for 10 sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention. Both groups completed the questionnaires once more during the post-test stage. The data was analyzed in SPSS-22 software using a multivariate covariance test.

Data analysis after logotherapy showed a significant difference in the test group, including pain coping strategies (returning attention, P=14.667; reinterpretation of pain, P=6.248; self-talk, P=0.0001; invisibility of pain, P=0.002; disaster, P=0.002; prayer-hope, P=0.004; psychological capitals, P=0.0001; and death anxiety, P=0.51) compared to the investigated variables in the control group. Moreover, the results of the covariance in the test group demonstrated a significant difference in the mean scores before and after logotherapy in coping strategies with pain, including returning attention (8.47±1.278), reinterpretation of pain (11.40 ± 11.120), self-talk (20.27 ± 2.183), invisibility of pain (9.93 ± 0.796), catastrophizing (13.53 ± 1.641), prayer hope (14.00 ± 1.418), psychological capitals (54.33 ± 1.968), and death anxiety (0.859 ± 9.40) (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the control group in this regard.The value of eta showed that 64% of the changes in psychological capital, 54% of the changes in returning attention, 36% of the changes in the reinterpretation of pain, 61% of self-talk changes, 59% of pain-ignoring changes, 34% of catastrophizing changes 53% of changes in prayer-hope, 52% of changes in activity ability and 51% of changes in death anxiety were due to the effect of treatment.

Logotherapy proves to be efficacious in aiding women with breast cancer in managing strategies related to coping with psychological strength and fear of death.

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of educational intervention based on the hope therapy approach and cognitive therapy approach based on mindfulness on the psychological well-being of women suffering from MS disease. The method of the current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test control group design with a three-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women with MS disease and members of the MS Association of Iran in 2018, from which 36 people were selected by non-random sampling method. All of them completed the psychological well-being questionnaire (PWB-SF) of Ryff (1989) before the interventions. After that, the experimental groups received therapeutic interventions. After completing the interventions, all three groups received the post-test. Finally, after three months, the follow-up test was performed again. The data were analyzed using the mixed analysis of variance method. The results showed that there is a significant difference in the psychological well-being variable between the three groups in the post-test and follow-up phase (P<0.05). The intervention groups of hope therapy and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness had a significant difference with the control group in the psychological well-being variable. This was even though no significant difference was observed between the two groups of hope therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (P<0.05). Based on this, it can be said that the use of hope therapy and cognitive therapy methods based on mindfulness can be effective in improving the psychological well-being of women with MS disease.

Divorced women who are independent from their families, compared to divorced women who are dependent on their families, may show strategies to deal with tension, adapt to divorce, and feel lonely. The present study aimed to compare divorce adjustment, coping with stress and loneliness feeling in independent and family-dependent divorced women. 

The method of present research is descriptive-comparative. The statistical population of this research included all the divorced women covered by the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Qom in 2019, from which 35 independent women and 35 women dependent on the family were selected through non-random and convenience sampling method. The research instruments included demographic questionnaire, "Fisher Divorce Adjustment Scale", "Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations" and "Loneliness Scale". Content validity of the instruments were measured by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The data was analyzed in SPSS. 24.

The results of the multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between divorce adjustment (P=0.001, F=88.09), task-oriented coping (P=0.015, F=6.22), emotion-oriented coping (P=0.001, F=72.9), avoidant-distracted coping (P=0.001, F=11.7) and loneliness feeling (P=0.001, F=46.5) between independent and family-dependent divorced women.

Family-independent divorced women showed a higher score in task-oriented coping and a lower score in emotion-oriented and avoidant-distracted coping compared to family-dependent divorced women. Family-independent divorced women showed a higher score in the total score of divorce adjustment and a lower score in the total score of loneliness feeling compared to family-dependent divorced women. Therefore, it is suggested to the officials of the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation to implement training courses on coping strategies to reduce the feeling of loneliness and increase adaptation to divorce and the independence of divorced women dependent on the family.

The aim of this study was the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on fear of negative evaluation, interpretation bias and self-focused attention in women with generalized anxiety disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and quarterly follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included women who referred to counseling centers in Qom in 1400. Based on a diagnostic interview and a 7-item scale scale of general anxiety, 24 women were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of 12 experiments. And controls were divided. The experimental group underwent 9 sessions of 90-60 minutes of cognitive-behavioral therapy based on group protocol (Wildermott, 2008) and the control group did not receive any intervention. Research tools include: Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaires (Watson and Friend; 1969), Interpretation Bias of Amir et al. (1998) and Woody, Chambels, & Glass (1997). Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and descriptive and inferential tests including multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance. The findings showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy could reduce the symptoms of generalized anxiety compared to the control group. Conclusion, cognitive-behavioral therapy can be considered as an effective intervention for women with generalized anxiety disorder.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of functional psychoanalysis on self-differentiation and quality of thematic relationships in people with narcissistic personality disorder. The research design was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all men with narcissistic personality disorder who referred to psychological clinics in District 5 of Tehran in 1400, from which 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly. They were replaced in two equal groups of 15 people. Data collection tools in this study were Bell (1985) Thematic Relationships Questionnaire and Skorn and Friedlander (1998) Self-Differentiation Questionnaire. In data analysis, multivariate covariance test was used to test the main hypothesis and univariate for lateral hypotheses with SPSS software. The results showed that functional psychoanalysis has a significant effect on self-differentiation and the quality of thematic relationships in people with narcissistic personality disorder.

Studies have shown that mindfulness affects many psychological variables. The purpose of this study was to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy effective in communicating beliefs and regulating the excitement of mothers with children with behavioral problems. The present research is a semi-experimental study in the form of pre-test and post-test with the experimental and control group. The statistical population of this research is mothers with children with behavioral problems in Ashtian city in 1398-1399. and 384 behavioral questionnaires of Akhenbach children were distributed among the mothers of primary school students and among the people who obtained the highest score in this questionnaire; 40 people were selected and their mothers were intervened. In this regard, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention programs were intervened in 8 sessions (1 session per week). Barton and G's (1990) communication skills questionnaire and Granfsky et al.'s (2001) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used to gather information. Descriptive statistics. were used to analyze the data. Also, Multivariate covariance inferential statistics were used to test the research hypotheses. The significance level in this study was determined as P ≤ 0.05. Statistical calculations were performed by SPSS statistical software (version 22). The results showed that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on communication beliefs and emotion regulation of mothers with children with behavioral problems is effective. (P ≤ 0.05)

Accordingly, it is suggested that this intervention be used as a group for mothers with children with behavioral problems in schools as family education programs.

Today, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic diseases that is still on the rise. Present study aimed at investigation of effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on attitudes of the patients with type II DM taking insulin towards continuity of treatment, considering the increasing trend of this disease and the necessity of providing appropriate treatment facilities.

The study was conducted in semi-experimental method based on pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population included all insulin-dependent patients with type II DM, who were clients of Mahdieh Hospital of Tehran, Iran, in 2014. The convenience sampling was used based on which, 30 patients with type II DM were divided into two experimental (15 subjects) and control (15 subjects) groups and they responded to the questionnaire developed by the author. Then, the experimental group members experienced eight 90-minute sessions of CBT, while the controls received no intervention. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with the SPSS software was used to analyze data.

CBT led to increased cognitive, behavioral, and affective attitudes of the patients with type II DM who were taking insulin. Given the derived F, the difference between experimental and control groups was significant in terms of cognitive, affective, and behavioral attitudes (P < 0.01).

Totally, our results emphasize the role of CBT in attitudes of patients with type II DM taking insulin towards continuance of treatment.

Hydrogen is a vital substance for refineries in order to respond to increasing demand for clean and standard transportation fuels. Intensifying environmental regularities has reduced demand for heavy fuel in the world and it is necessary to convert such heavy fuels to cleaner and lighter fuels. To do this, a huge amount of hydrogen is needed, also hydroprocessing of refining products is known valuable and economical for increasing the quality and quantity of products makes Hydrogen Management in all refineries a matter of importance.The goal of this study is optimization of Imam Khomeini refinery hydrogen network. In this research at first, we have a review on previous record of hydrogen management in the refineries of the world. Then we proceed to the modeling and optimization of hydrogen Networks of Shazand refinery. Hydrogen network is presented in this research has high accuracy than other previous modeling because of new parameter definition in new model. After model execution, with change operation parameters at hydrogen network, one of the best result is no need for production hydrogen unit at phase one of Shazand refinery. Therefore based on economical estimation, cost and energy saving will be more than 2000 billion Rials at every year. Undoubted run this research at last year is one of the greatest achievement in oil refinery industry of Iran.

Gasoline hydrotreating is a valuable and economical process for increasing gasoline quality, comparing with other refining processes. Observing harmful effects of some components in gasoline, like benzene, aromatics, olefins and sulfur compounds, which are detrimental to human health and environment and necessity of their removal, hydro treating process of gasoline is a matter of importance in the refining industry. The basis of this process is selective hydro treating of gasoline in sulfur removal reactor after removal of the cuts with boiling point less than 650°C in a fractionation tower to preserve Octane No. of final product. The sulfur removal of lighter cuts to the limit of 50 ppm needs a treating process which will result in octane loss. Therefore for the sulfur removal of this cut, a hydrogenation reactor is used before fractionation tower which its role is mainly hydrogenation of diolefines and olefines. Also it converts mercaptans to thiophenes. With this process, sulfur in lighter cut is transferred to heavier cut. And consequently the sulfur content of lighter cut is reduced to less than 50 ppm. This process is known as C.G.H (cracking gasoline hydrotreating) and its goal is producing gasoline with Euro.4 standard. In this study review and complete simulation of Imam Khomeimy Oil Refining Co. of Shazand has been done with the aid of Aspen Hysys software. Meanwhile in order to increase the quality and quantity of the gasoline of this unit, a new plan for process modification is presented which will improve the gasoline specification of this unit from Euro.4 to Euro.5 standard. However, the accuracy of the new plan is checked based on the calculations in the presented model. Finally design calculations related to new equipment changes of the plan implementation based on new process model and modified condition is done.

One of the most important specifications of marital relationships in cycles and communicational patterns, which emerge among them anf may be fixing by repetition. Aim of this research was to comparison the effectiveness of Emotionally focused approach, Gottman’s relationship Enrichment on woman’s Communication patterns.

This research was a quasi-experimental field research with pre-posttest and control group with three-months follow up. The statistical population of the study consisted of women in Khomein city who referred to Faraz Counseling Center in 2017 due to communication problems with their spouses. 36 of them were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and one control group. To collect the data, Communication Patterns Questionnaire (Christensen & Salvey, 1984) was used. To analyze the data, Ancova and Bonferroni analysis were used.

The findings showed that there was a significant difference in the communication patterns between the test and control groups in the post-test and follow up stages, so that the emotionally focused approach and enrichment of the relationship were able to significantly decrease the communication patterns Avoidance, Demand Withdraw and enhancement of mutual constructive communication model in both post-test and follow-up phases. Also, the results of the Bonferroni test showed that the difference between the group of emotionally focused approach and the Gottman enrichment group in women's communication patterns was meaningful; hence, the Gottman enrichment approach was more effective than the emotionally focused approach on communication patterns.

Therefore, it is possible to use both approaches, especially the Gottman's enrichment approach to improve couples' communication patterns and ultimately increase the quality of marital life.

Conflict as one of the destructive factors in marital life has harmful effects on the physical and emotional health of couples. This research aimed to compare the efficacy of Training Intervention based on emotionally focused approach and Gottman’s relationship enrichment approach on the marital conflicts of a group of women in Khomein city. This research was a quasi-experimental field research with pre-test, post-test, a control group and a 3-month follow up. The statistical population of the study consisted of women in Khomein city who referred to Faraz Counseling Center in 2017. Among them, 36 women were selected by available sampling method and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. To collect the data, a Marital Conflict Questionnaire was used. The results of multivariate covariance analysis indicated that the application of the two approaches – the educational intervention based on excitement-focused approach and Gottman’s relationship enrichment approach – reduced marital conflict scores. Also, the results of Bonferroni test showed no significant difference between the two educational approaches regarding the variable of marital conflict, but there was a significant difference between the two experimental groups and the control group in the post-test and follow up regarding the marital conflict. The 3-month follow up implied that the results were stable. Since emotionally focused approach helped couples to identify and express their needs and feelings, and as structured exercises of Gottman’s relationship enrichment approach also increased their communication skills, so these two approaches can be used to reduce marital conflicts.

Systematic Motivational Counseling (SMC) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), with emphasis on motivational structure modification, and the acceptance of life’s problems, can improve conflict resolution styles of incompatible marital women. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of SMC and ACT on conflict resolution styles of incompatible marital women. The method of this study was semi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test design and three-month follow-up. The statistical population of the study consisted of all incompatible women who referred to counseling centers in Arak city in 2018. Therefore, 36 participants were selected and randomly assigned to two test groups and one control. Data were collected in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages with Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II (ROCI-II). The experimental group members participated separately in 10 SMC sessions and 12 ACT sessions after running the pre-test. For data analysis, analysis of variance with repeated measures test were used. The results indicated that the effect of SMC and ACT on conflict resolution styles was significant and stable (p<0.05). Furthermore, there was significant difference between the effectiveness of SMC and ACT on avoidance and compromise styles (p<0.05). SMC and ACT interventions can be effective in improving the conflict resolution styles of incompatible marital women.

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is one of the third-generation behavioral therapies in which it is attempted to increase the psychological relationship of an individual with his or her thoughts and feelings instead of changing cognition. The purpose of this study was the effectiveness of ACT on conflict resolution styles of incompatible marital women. This is a semi-experimental, pretest and posttest design and a 3-month follow-up. The statistical population of the study consisted of all incompatible women who referred to counseling centers in Arak in 2018. Therefore, 24 participants were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to one test groups and one control group of 12 participants for each. Data were collected in the pretest, posttest and follow-up stages with (the Conflict Resolution Styles Scale or Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II). The test group received a therapeutic intervention based on ACT for twelve 90-min sessions, but no therapy was provided for the control group. After the completion of treatment sessions, both groups were subjected to posttest. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc test. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the posttest scores of the test group compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the difference was suitably sustainable during the time. ACT is considered as an effective intervention in improving conflict resolution styles.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy (EFT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on reducing obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In order to select the participants of the study, 30 patients with OCD were selected from the patients referred to the clinics and counseling centers of Isfahan City, Iran, in 2018, using purposive sampling method. They were divided into three groups of EFT (10 people), DBT (10 people), and control (10 people). EFT and DBT were performed during eight weekly sessions, and the control group did not receive any special treatment during this period of time. Yale-brown obsessive-compulsive scale was completed in three stages of pretest, posttest, and follow up. To analyze the data, the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used. The efficacy of EFT and DBT on reducing obsessive-compulsive symptoms of patients was significant in posttest scores (P < 0.050). The findings of this study have potentially significant implications for practitioners and therapists to pay attention to the effectiveness of EFT and DBT on the reduction of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in women with OCD.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a heterogeneous disorder and has different therapeutic approaches. Over the past few decades, we have witnessed tremendous advances in the role of cognitive systems in the formation, continuity, and treatment of the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Certain beliefs have been identified as a significant contributor to the creation and continuation of this disorder, Cognitive models of OCD also indicating that responsibility assessment is involved in the etiology and preservation of OCD symptoms. According to Salkovskis (1985), the Inflated Sense of responsibility in OCD has a central role. Intolerance of uncertainty (IU), which means the tendency to avoid ambiguous situations and the inability to deal with uncertainty, is considered significant damage to OCD. ERP as a standard golden treatment, including the gradual inclusion of anxiety due to obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the prevention or limitation of obsessive-compulsive procedures and reduction of anxiety. Aim of this study was the efficacy of Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy (ERP) in Inflated Sensory Responsibility and Intolerance of Uncertainty in Patients with OCD.

The research design was a semi-experimental study with pretest, post-test, and follow-up. The statistical population consisted of all the people of Mahallat city, which is located in Markazi province in Iran in 2018. Sixteen patients with OCD were selected through the available sampling method and randomly within two groups: ERP and control group. (8 patients in each group). Each person in the treatment group received 12 treatment sessions by the Salkovskis exposure and Response prevention therapy method for OCD. Subjects were measured both before and at the end of interventions as well as three months later in the follow-up phase by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Yale-BOCS; Goodman, 1989), the Salkovskis Responsibility Attitude Scale; (RAS; Salkovskis, Wroe, Morrison, Richards, Reynolds & Thorpe, 2000) and The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale; (IUS; Freeston et al, 1994) . The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale is a reliable instrument; with internal stability of 0.89 by Goodman and in Iran with internal stability for the sign index (SC) and severity scale (SS) were 0.97 and 0. 95 for the Persian version by Rajazi Esfahani et al. Responsibility Attitude Scale is a 26-item scale, consistency (α=0.91), excellent test-retest reliability over a five-week period (r=0.78), and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scalexcellent internal consistency (α=0.89), and satisfactory test-retest reliability (r=0.74). Post-extraction research data analyzed by repeated measurements analysis using SPSS-23 software.

To test the hypothesis of the research, about the existence of the pre-test variables and the possibility of the primary difference between the two intervention and control groups, as well as reducing the initial difference and comparing the groups, the multivariate analysis of variance, and used repeated measure design. In the semi-experimental design, before analyzing the hypothesis of the research, Levin's findings showed that the homogeneous assumption of covariance of data and regression slope established. The results of Mocheli's test also showed that there is no spheroidal assumption (p<0.050). The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the mean variables of the inflated sense of responsibility and uncertainty of intolerance in the experimental group with the control group. Therefore, the effectiveness of treatment on the reduction of the inflated sense of responsibility and uncertainty of intolerance can be verified (p<0.001), and this effect was lasting after three months (p<0.001).

The results of this study have shown the effectiveness of exposure and Response prevention therapy in improving an inflated sense of responsibility and uncertainty of intolerance in patients with OCD.

The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on dysfunctional beliefs, inflated sense of responsibility, and intolerance of uncertainty in patients with obsessive compulsive-disorder (OCD). The design used in the present study is semi-experimental, pretest-posttest with control group and a tree-month follow-up stage. The statistical population consisted of all patients with OCD in Mahallat, a city located in Markazi province, Iran in 2018. The participants first screened by using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then sixteen patients with OCD selected as the sample of the study through available sampling method and assigned randomly into two groups: one experimental group and one control group (eight patients in each group). Each participant in the experimental group received 12 treatment sessions according to Well's metacognitive therapy method for OCD. The participants were measured both before and after interventions as well as three months later in the follow-up phase by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Yale-BOCS; Goodman, 1989), the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44; OCCWG, 2005), the Salkovskis Responsibility Attitude Scale (RAS; Salkovskis, 2000) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS; Feriston, 1994). Data analyzed by multivariate co-variance analysis. The results indicated that metacognitive therapy had a significant effect on reducing dysfunctional beliefs, the inflated sense of responsibility and the variable intolerance of uncertainty (p˂0.050), and its effect remained three months after treatment (p˂0.050). The findings of the study support the effect of metacognitive therapy in improving the dysfunctional beliefs, inflated sense of responsibility and uncertainty of intolerance in patients with OCD.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on quality of life of patients with cardiovascalar diseases.
This semi-experimental study was done based on a pretest -posttest design with control group. Statistical population included all of the patients with cardiovascular diseases referred to Amir-Kabir educational and medical center of Arak, and sample included 30 persons who selected by screening and simple random sampling and assigned into two control and experimental groups. Research instrument included Mcnew quality of life scales which participants answered it during two pre-test and post-test steps; also, experimental group participated in 9 cognitive-behavioral therapy meetings.
There was a significant difference between mean quality of life and its components in both experimental and control groups.
Results analysis showed that group-based cognition- behavior theray has an influence on life quality (emotional, physical and social domains)(p>0.05).

The aim of this study is to compare the effect of Attachment-based Therapy and Parenting Skills Training on their children’s attachment disorder.
This is a pretest-posttest control group quasi - experimental study. The population included all mothers of preschool children with attachment disorder in Aran and Bidgol-Iran. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 150 participants. The research instrument was Attachment Disorder Assessment Sclae (ADAS) developed by Randolph (2000). This is a 30-statement checklist to be filled out by parents or caregivers of children with attachment disorder and includes various problems that the child caregiver has observed in the child during the past 2 years. Randolph believes that this questionnaire can distinguish between children with attachment disorder and those with disruptive behavior disorders. 45 mothers who gained the highest scores on the questionnaire were placed in two experimental groups and one control group. The parents in experimental group one received eight sessions of attachment-based therapy. The parents in experimental group two received eight sessions of parenting skills therapy. The parents in the control group received no intervention. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the data.
The means and standard deviations of the three groups were as follows: attachment-based therapy 41.0±3.21; parenting skills training 45.80±8.10 and the control group 59.73±17.19. The differences between these averages were calculated by F test. The results showed that there was no significant difference in three group’s pre-test scores (P=0.001, F=11.48, Effect size=0.35). While there was no difference between the two experimental groups (p=0.241), they obtained a significantly lower mean score than that in the control group (p The results confirm the effect of Attachment-based Therapy and Parenting Skills Training on reduction of the symptoms of children's attachment disorder. It can be asserted that Attachment-based Therapy and Parenting Skills Training improve the communication skills and the self-awareness skills, self-worth and self-confidence of mothers of children with attachment disorder, giving them the roadmap and showing them the right way to deal with their children.

In this study, after examining lab results of light naphtha streams of various units of Shazand refinery, the best naphtha stream to increasing capacity of Isomerization unit, Naphtha produced by Isomax unit was identified, of course, a series of operational changes to reduce the catalyst poisons was applied in the Isomax unit.
Mixture of naphtha with feed supplied from NHT2 (ratio of 1: 5) increased feed capacity of Isomerization unit up to 25 percent more than the current. Increasing Isomerate production generated a net profit for the company.
In Addition to the allowed amount of pesticides for input feed, the reactor feed pump capacity and Space velocity of the liquid inside the reactor as limiting the capacity isomerization unit, have been checked.