seyed hassan saadat

Context: 

Dengue fever has been reported in 129 countries worldwide, including 100 countries in the Mediterranean region, South America, and Southeast Asia. It results in approximately 40,000 deaths each year, and there have been significant outbreaks of dengue fever in these areas in recent years. Approximately 50% of the global population is presently susceptible to acquiring the dengue virus, which is classified as an emerging and re-emerging ailment that is likely to impact several nations in the foreseeable future.

Evidence Acquisition: 

Despite the significant harm inflicted upon human health and the economic conditions of countries in recent years, dengue continues to be classified as a neglected disease, without the requisite attention and concerted efforts by countries to effectively manage it. Any actions taken in this domain are inherently constrained. Consequently, due to the significance of dengue fever, this study aims to comprehensively examine this matter.

The disease used to be effectively managed in regions like the countries of the American continent and Singapore, but it has made a resurgence. Between 2008 and 2010, the number of cases in the regions of America, Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific rose from 0.2 million to 2.2 million. These reports exclusively consist of officially documented sick cases. Multiple outbreaks have been documented in Asia, encompassing countries such as China, Pakistan, Taiwan, and Malaysia, as well as in South America, including Brazil and Mexico. Dengue fever cases have been documented in several Middle Eastern nations, including Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and southern Iran. Local transmission of the disease has begun in Europe, with France and Croatia reporting cases of local transmission. Annually, a minimum of 500,000 individuals experience serious illnesses requiring hospitalization. Approximately 2.5% of individuals who contract the condition die from it. Every year, numerous severe cases of dengue fever are documented, resulting in at least 20,000 deaths.

Dengue fever is a complex systemic disease. Assessing the complete range of the disease burden of dengue fever will be crucial to properly comprehend the serious medical and economic repercussions it has on patients and the general public.

Context:

 The prevalence of in-hospital death due to COVID-19 hospital is one of the qualitative indexes, which can be used to assess the quality of care, as well as the mortality patterns in COVID-19 pandemic.

Therefore, this study has been done with the goal of estimating overall prevalence in-hospital death due to COVID-19 disease in iranian patients.Evidence Acquisition: Articles were identified through iranian searching databases including Health.barakatkns, IranDoc, SID, Civilica and MagIran and international searching databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and Elsevier . Additional search was also done by Google Scholar search engine. We reviewed systematically all studies reporting the prevalence of in-hospital death due to COVID-19 disease. In this study meta-analysis method with random effect model has been used to estimate the pooled in-hospital death.

118 records were identified by the electronic search, of which 43 studies were identified as relevant documents that were meta-analyzed for the pooled in-hospital death due to COVID-19 prevalence. Overall, prevalence of death were 12.16% (95% CI: 10.72%-13.61%). The highest and lowest death prevalence has been reported in Northern Provinces (Gilan, 27.27% (95% CI: 8.66%-45.88%) and Mazandaran, 21.27% (95% CI: 18.14%-24.40%)) and Turkish-speaking provinces (Azerbaijan, East, 3.29% (95% CI: 2.11%-4.47%) and Zanjan, 3.42% (95% CI: 1.82%-5.02%)) respectively.

Considering the death rate obtained in this study and its comparison with other countries, it can be said that the performance of the Iranian medical system in COVID-19 pandemic is acceptable.

 The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused stress and anxiety for various parts of society all over the world. This concern and stress are not limited to being affected by COVID-19 because this condition has also caused changes in people’s lifestyles.

 The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate the validity and reliability of the COVID-19-related stressors questionnaire and determine the contribution of each of the stressors to the prediction of mental health in the Iranian population.

 This descriptive-analytical and correlational study was performed on 301 volunteers living in Tehran, Iran. Due to the prevalence of COVID-19, questionnaires were distributed by convenience sampling method and online conduction. The instruments used in the present study were the researcher-made questionnaire on Iranians’ COVID-19-related stressors (ICRS) and the mental health questionnaire general health questionnaire (GHQ-12). Content validity (qualitative and quantitative), face validity, structural validity (exploratory factor analysis), Cronbach’s alpha, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 24 and AMOS24 software.

 In exploratory factor analysis, the final 25 items were obtained in seven factors with an explanation of 66.25% variance. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that worrying about changing economic status, getting COVID-19 and change in lifestyle increased the chance of developing mental health disorder up to 1.29 (OR = 1.29), 1.28 (OR = 1.28), and 1.18 times (OR = 1.18), respectively. The variable of changing family interactions reduces the chance of developing a mental health disorder by 0.85 times (OR = 0.85).

 The COVID-19-related stressors questionnaire is valid and can be used in future research. Identifying the most important stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and determining each contribution to mental health prediction will help health policymakers to make better decisions.

Emotional divorce is very common in today's society and leads to negative consequences in the family and society, so the purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic predictions of emotional divorce of couples in Zanjan province.

This research was descriptive-analytical. The study population was all couples in Zanjan province. The sample size based on Free Statistics Calculators Version4 was 423 people. Using random cluster sampling, married people from Zanjan province were randomly selected. The Guttman's emotional divorce and researcher-made demographic questionnaires were randomly assigned to participants. Finally, for the final analysis of the data, 413 descriptive statistics and structural models were performed. In order to study the structural model due to the normality of the data and the acceptability of other prerequisites, as well as the graphical environment and high capability of AMOS software, version 22 of this software package was used.

The results showed that the number of emotional divorces in the range of forty years and above is more than the lower ranges. The rate of emotional divorce was lower among childless and single-parent parents and the highest rate of emotional divorce was high among parents with high children. Higher levels of education were also associated with higher levels of emotional divorce. These results showed that the rate of emotional divorce was higher among married women than married men. About 35% of emotional divorce cases were found in women and about 30% in men.

Emotional divorce is a multi-factor or multi-causal phenomenon, one of which is demographic and demographic issues. One of the demographic factors that were associated with emotional divorce was education, which with the increase in education, the rate of emotional divorce was higher according to descriptive data. On the other hand, emotional divorce was more evident among women with higher numbers of children.

Evaluation of health care workers' mental status is critical in the trend of covid-19 pandemic; because it helps to investigate their real needs and expectations and helps them to present useful services. This study aimed to the prediction of possibility of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) based on demographic variables, levels of exposure to Covid-19, the anxiety of Covid-19, and dimensions of sleep quality in health care workers. A descriptive correlational study was conducted on a sample of 180 health care workers (129 females and 51 males). The researcher-made demographic questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Checklist and Covid-19 Anxiety Scale were recorded. A convenience sampling method was applied, and data was collected through the Google form platform. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 24 software by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffe Post Hoc test, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation, and binary logistic regression. The results indicated that 51.7% of health care workers showed severe symptoms of post-traumatic stress (pcl-5> 33). The severity of PTSD symptoms varied in different work shifts and levels of education. The morning shifts and master's degrees had the lowest mean scores of PTSD symptoms. There was a significant positive correlation between PTSD symptoms and Covid-19 anxiety and between PTSD symptoms and all dimensions of sleep quality (p <0.05). The Enter logistic regression analysis results showed that sleep medication use (OR = 3.21) and covid-19 anxiety (OR = 1.13) were risk factors that predicted the severity of PTSD symptoms (percentage correct = 85.5%). It is suggested extensive attempts have been made to PTSD symptoms screening. Also, informing the health care workers about methods to reduce anxiety is helpful, and it is proposed to administer online workshops to train and increase sleep hygiene.

Studying the predictors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) during the Covid-19 pandemic is a new research field.  The current study was conducted in order to evaluate the predictors of PTSD based on mental health, Covid-19 anxiety and sleep quality in the students of the Lorestan province, Iran. In order to carry out this study, 200 students (143 females and 57 males) were selected by convince sampling and participated in this study. The participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Covid-19 Anxiety Scale, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and demographic information questionnaire. The data was analyzed by independent t-student and stepwise regression using SPSS 24. Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between Covid-19 anxiety, general sleep quality and mental health with PTSD symptoms (p<0.05). Also, stepwise regression analysis showed that sleep quality and mental health were predictors of PTSD and mental health is the best predictor of PTSD and could determine 0.27 of PTSD variance. Finally, the 46.5 % prevalence of PTSD symptoms in students was an important finding of this study. Necessity to pay attention to dimensions of mental health as an influential factor in the spread of other psychological disorders is recommended. Due to the high prevalence of PTSD symptoms, the inclusion of health-oriented programs becomes more important.

Preventive behaviors are one of the most important strategies to combat COVID-19. COVID-19 anxiety, COVID-19 exposure levels, and risk perception are predictor variables of preventive behaviors. But it is still unclear whether, one year after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Iran, these variables still play an important role in predicting preventive behaviors, and if so, what level of these variables and to what extent they predict COVID-19 preventive behaviors. The purpose of this study is to answer these questions.

This is a descriptive-correlational study. The researcher-made questionnaire of demographic data, preventive behaviors questionnaire, risk perception and anxiety of COVID-19 was administered by 184 male students and staff working in a military medical university in Tehran, Iran. All questionnaires were distribute online.

The results showed that 6% of students and staff had high COVID-19 anxiety and 36.4% had high risk perception and 82.1% of them followed COVID-19 preventive behaviors to a large extent. People with a history of suspected symptoms of COVID-19 were less likely to follow COVID-19 preventive behavior than those without a history (z=-2.36, p<0.02). People with low risk perception were more likely to follow COVID-19 preventive behavior than those with high risk perception (z =-2.95 p<0.003) or moderate risk (z=-2.76, p<0.006). There was no significant difference between those with moderate and high risk perception in observing COVID-19 preventive behavior. There was no significant relationship between the variables of age, marital status, different levels of education, history of COVID-19, history of close contact with a person with COVID-19 and COVID-19 anxiety with preventive behavior of COVID-19. The results of logistic regression showed that the only predictor of low risk perception was the significant predictive behavior of COVID-19 with a possible ratio of 0.21 (OR=0.21)

Low risk perception is a more important predictor of preventive behavior than COVID-19 anxiety and coronavirus exposure levels in male students and staff working at the Military Medical University studied in Tehran. Screening and training programs are recommended rising risk perception to improve health in the COVID-19 pandemic.

COVID-19 is a new disease for which a definitive treatment has not yet been proposed. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of combination therapy on the treatment of COVID-19 due to the importance of finding an appropriate treatment for this epidemic disease.

This two-center cohort study included 175 confirmed COVID-19 inpatients at two medical centers designated for the treatment of COVID-19 patients in Qom and Qazvin, Iran. In this study, four different groups of drug regimens were studied which included G1 (azithromycin, prednisolone, and naproxen), G2 (lopinavir/ritonavir, azithromycin, naproxen, and prednisolone), G3 (hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, naproxen, and prednisolone), and G4 (levofloxacin, vancomycin, hydroxychloroquine, and oseltamivir). It should be noted that G1, G2, G3, and G4 treatment regimens were used on 48, 39,30, and 77 patients, respectively.

The study participants included 175 confirmed COVID-19 patients with mean±SD age of 58.9 ±15.1 years, out of whom 80 (46%) patients were male and the rest were females. The results indicated that the hospital stay period was significantly shorter in the G1 compared to other groups (G1:5.9±2.4, G2:8.1±4.2, G3: 6.3±1.7, and G4: 6.4±2.9; [P-value=0.008]). It should be noted that pulse rate, oxygen saturation, hemoglobin, and platelet count (PLT) changed significantly during the study in four treatment groups; however, a significant change in temperature, creatinine, and white blood cell (WBC) was observed only in G3, G4, and G1 groups, respectively. The number of ICU admissions and deaths were not statistically significant among the patients who received the four treatment regimens (P=0.785). Based on the results, the history of ischemic heart disease, baseline oxygen saturation, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) are the risk factors for the prolonged hospital stay in COVID-19 patients.

The obtained results in this study indicated that the combination of azithromycin, prednisolone, and naproxen is the most effective regimen for the treatment of COVID-19, compared to three other combination treatment regimens.

Military personnel is one of the levels of society whose psychological assessment is important in the current situation. During the prevalence of COVID-19, the military is also alongside health defenders has fought the virus, therefore, awareness of the mental state of the military forces has led to the recognition of their real needs, and helps planners to increase the optimal performance of military personnel. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate and compare the state of mental health and sleep quality between military and civilian personnel during the outbreak of COVID-19.

The research is descriptive-correlational. The researcher-made demographic information questionnaire, the Pittsburgh sleep questionnaire (PSQI) and Mental Health Questionnaire (DASS-21) were administered for 210 people (105 militaries, 105 civilians) coinciding with the holidays due to the spread of COVID-19 from March 5 to 20, 2020. To prevent the spread of COVID-19, the available sampling method and online implementation were used. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test and chi-square and SPSS-24 software.

The results showed that military personnel had more contact with people with COVID-19 than civilians and there was a significant and strong relationship between the type of job and overall sleep quality during the prevalence of COVID-19 (P <0.05).and also, the military was in a more unfavorable situation than the civilians in the overall score of sleep quality and in all dimensions of sleep quality. There was a significant and weak relationship between job type with depression, anxiety and stress during the outbreak of COVID-19 (P <0.05) and the military was in a better position in terms of stress, anxiety and depression. It should be noted that in the total study population, the rate of severe anxiety was 67.1% and severe depression was 46.7%.

Since sleep quality is directly related to physical, mental health and optimal functioning of individuals, it is necessary to find a solution to the problems related to military sleep and due to the high percentage of depression and severe anxiety in the study population, the influential factors should be investigated and the necessary solution applied.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a chronic psychological disorder that causes serious damage to the mental, emotional and communication health of patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), on distress tolerance and the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

 This study was designed using a Quasi-experimental method and pre-test, post-test as and control group. The study population included all patients referred to the psychiatric ward of Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Dorood between 2018 and 2019. For this purpose, 20 patients with OCD were selected by convenience sampling and assigned to two groups of ACT and control. Each group was tested before and after the intervention by the Yale-Brown scale and the distress tolerance questionnaire (DTQ). The experimental group received 8 sessions of treatment based on ACT and the control group was not subjected to therapy. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) through SPSS Statistics 24 and presented by descriptive and inferential statistics.

The results suggest that ACT had a significant statistical effect on reducing OCD symptoms (P= 0.000, F= 92.503) and increasing distress tolerance (P= 0/000, F= 33.889). Its effect on the obsession and distress tolerance variables was 87.7% and 72.3%, respectively.

Considering the therapeutic elements of ACT and its coordination with the psychological problems of OCD, it can be a suitable therapy for these patients.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak quickly has spread and became a pandemic. However, no approved therapeutics or effective treatment is available for the treatment of these patients. The present study was done to retrospectively assess the treatment strategies (e.g., pharmaceutical care services) for COVID-19 patients in selected hospitals and highlight the importance of such services in the management of a pandemic.

Data from a series of COVID-19 patients (978 patients; 658 males [66.9%] and 324 females [33.1%]) admitted to the selected hospitals in Tehran from 20 February to 19 March 2020 were retrieved retrospectively from the Health Information System (HIS) of the hospitals. The statistical tests were used for analyzing the effect and correlation of the variables (drugs) with the average length of stay (ALOS) in the hospital.

Diverse medication classes and old drugs with or without strong evidence of therapeutic effects against the novel coronavirus, some previously tried as a treatment for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, were mostly used for the treatment of patients in the hospitals. Many medications (broad-spectrum antibiotics and antivirals) or combination therapies are used without evidence of their therapeutic effects during pandemics.

Therefore, guidelines should be provided for the off-label use of these drugs by policymakers and stakeholders during a pandemic emergency due to high demands. Also, monitoring of the HIS data can play an important role in improving public health response to emerging diseases.

Suicide and self-mutilation are considered as two of the most unpleasant psychological and social events in adolescents and young people. It may become an important issue in some social conditions; therefore, the present study aims to identify the role of emotion regulation strategies in emotional disorders of soldiers with the history of self-mutilation behaviors.

This is a descriptive study. The study population consisted of all soldiers who served in three military centers (Zanjan, Qazvin, and Tehran) from 2017 to 2018 (August 2017 to November 2018) and had a history of self-mutilation harming behaviors. 92 soldiers who reported at least one self-harm behaviors in the form of self-harm and drug abuse were included in a census. Data were collected using a computerized version of the Millon 3 Multivariate Clinical Trial Questionnaire and the Short Form of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire.

92 soldiers with mean age of 19.33±7.5 years, and mean length of military service of 14.50±4.9 months participated. More than 71% of them had diplomas. The results of stepwise regression showed that adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies can significantly predict the variance of depressive personality disorder (R2 = 0.21) and anxiety (R2 = 0.11) in soldiers with a history of self-mutilation behaviors.

According to the findings, it can be concluded that maladaptive emotion regulation strategies can predict emotional disorders in soldiers with a history of self-harm behaviors. Therefore, it can be effective in preventing some unpleasant actions in these people.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Risk factors such as obesity, low-fiber diet, sedentary, and alcohol have been implicated in the development of this cancer. Cells have many mechanisms in place to fight malignancy and cancer, one of which is the detoxification system that protect the cell against DNA damage. One of the essential components of this system is the glutathione s-transferase. In this study, the genotype of region -69 promoter of this gene in 150 colorectal cancer patients and 150 healthy people was investigated by the RFLP method. T/T genotype is significantly associated with colorectal cancer (P = 0.0001), C/T genotype did not show a significant association with colorectal cancer and its frequency was not significantly different in both healthy and patient groups (P = 0.074), Most genotypes in the two groups were homozygous C / C and did not show a significant association with colorectal cancer.

Schema therapy is a psychological treatment available for divorcing women. The present research was carried out with the purpose of studying the effectiveness of schema therapy-based group counseling on the quality of marital relationships, differentiation and hardiness among divorced women of veteran families. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design that included a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women seeking divorce whose fathers were war veterans and referred to the consulting center affiliated to the Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs in Neyshabur in the winter of 2018. Thirty women were enrolled using the available sampling method and then randomly assigned to either an experimental (n=15) or control (n=15) group. Counseling sessions were conducted for 11 sessions for the experimental group (2 hours, one weekly) and the control group did not received any intervention. The women then completed the quality of marriage questionnaire by Bassby, Cran, Larsson, and Kristensen (1995), self-differentiation Scouron and Friedlander (1999) and hardiness (1998). Women applicants for divorce were matched in terms of demographic variables, such as age and length of marriage. Group counseling based on schema therapy had significant effects on differentiation and hardiness of divorced women (P<0.05). However, group counseling with schema therapy had no effect on the marital quality of divorced women (P>0.05).  The effects of treatment were maintained after one month (p <0.05). Group counseling with the schema therapy procedure led to improved differentiation and hardiness of divorced women, and may be useful as a therapeutic intervention to improve the psychosocial situation of female applicants for divorce in relevant settings.

Research shows that the family life of those in military occupations, and the effects of military occupations on marital relationships is considered important. The present research seeks to study the relationship between differentiation of self and early maladaptive schemes with the components of family function in couples of military families residing in Tehran. The research utilized quantitative research methodologies and, based on the purpose, this study was descriptive and correlational. The research population included all married women in military families in Tehran, Iran in 2017, that among whom, 325 married housewives women were selected by non-probability convenience sampling methods after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Information gathering tools included Self-differentiation Questionnaire, Family Assessment Device (FAD), Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (SQ – SF). Descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis) have been used for determining correlation and predictive power between the early maladaptive schemas and differentiation with family functioning. 325 married women housewives were investigated in military families in Tehran with an average age of 46.4 years. The relationship between the components of the early maladaptive schemas and the family functioning components is statistically significant (P<0.01) and also the relationship between differentiation and family functioning components in is statistically significant (P<0.01). It is recommended that families should be more careful about the formation of patterns in childhood so that positive steps can be taken to form a well-functioning family in the future. With regard to the significance of the relationship between differentiation and family function, one can conclude that the mental health of a person depends on the level of separation from this system of governing the family, which is called differentiation, that is, the higher the level of differentiation, the greater the impact on family function and on improvements in mental health in married women in military families.

In recent decades, there has been an increase in the incidence of cancer in the affected communities. However, the growth of therapeutic strategies has been very slow. Conventional diagnosis and subsequent treatment in medical centers originated from pathological based examinations, symptoms, and medications.

Quality-of-life therapy (QOLT) is an integrative psychotherapy that was formed by adding positive psychology concepts to cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of QOLT on the sexual self-concept of Iranian women. Patients and A double-blind randomized experimental study was done from February 2011 to January 2012. The study subjects were recruited from a mental health nongovernmental organization in Isfahan, Iran. They were assigned randomly to two groups. The first group was under ten sessions of QOLT, and the second, as a control group, was under psycho-sexual education (PSE). General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), the Multidimentional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire, and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) were completed for participants before and after the intervention. The ANCOVA model was used for analysis. The findings revealed no significant differences between the two groups in mental health (GHQ-28 scores) and female sexual dysfunction, but sexual self-concept changed. Two subscales of sexual self-concept, sexual monitoring (QOLT group = 6.3 ± 2.7 vs PSE group = 4.7 ± 3.1 P < 0.05) and sexual-problem management (QOLT group = 15.4 ± 3.8 vs PSE group=13.7 ± 3.9 P < 0.05), increased significantly during QOLT. QOLT did not impact mental health, but it could change many dimensions of sexual self-concept.

Urine is the most commonly used liquid for diagnosis and prognosis of diseases and is still the only body fluid that is applied to many diagnostic purposes. There is little information of physicians’ knowledge about correct urine sampling, interpretation in Iranian. Evaluation the knowledge of the physicians in urine analysis and identifying related factors to provide useful measures and recommendations to raising physicians’ knowledge. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 272 physicians who were attended to the congress of retraining in Tehran (capital of Iran) in 2015. The first questionnaire was demographic and the second one was researcher-made consisting of 30 multiple choices questions in 3 different sections. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 13 software. The Cronbach’s alpha of the researcher-made questionnaire was 76% and response rate was 45.3%. Most of the physicians were in the moderate level in terms of knowledge about sampling for urine analysis (62.5%), knowledge about interpretation of the urine analysis results (54.8%) and knowledge to link urinalysis result with the patient’s clinical symptoms (73.5%). Knowledge was reduced in male sex, increasing in age and time elapsed since graduation and increased with more time studying medicine, and attending in retraining congresses. It is recommended that physician, especially, who have long passed their graduation, spend more time studying medicine and if possible, take part in the congresses and retraining program to keep their information update and apply best diagnostic treatments to their patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic and immunologic disorder, which is characterized with feet, wrist and knee inflammatory destruction and morning stiffness. It mainly results in joint deformity and reduced ability, which can propagate into low quality of life (QOL). Recently, QOL has been demonstrated as one of the most important factors in male’s life and studies have showed the negative effect of physical and emotional stress on QOL.
This study aimed at evaluating the effect of stress management on QOL in females with RA referring to Baqiyatallah hospital during years 2012 to 2013.
Fifty female patients with RA that had referred to Baqiyatallah hospital between March 2012 and March 2013 were evaluated in 2 equal groups, matched by age. The patients were enrolled conveniently. The intervention group members were trained with a 10-session stress management program and the control group did not undergo any intervention. The world health organization quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire was filled-out by both groups (α = 0.641) and the results were compared by suitable statistical tests.
Significant difference was observed in QOL between the intervention and control groups (effect size of ɛ2 = 0.845). No significant difference was seen in mean QOL results in early post-test and late follow-up test; however, a significant difference was seen between post-test and pre-test in the intervention groups (P This study demonstrated that stress management could benefit QOL in RA patients. The results suggest that the stress management package can be beneficial in these patients along with other medications.

Eating and body image disorders are 2 of the most debilitating clinical problems among female adolescents and young females. One of the strongest factors contributing to body dissatisfaction and eating pathology is social comparison.
The current study aimed at determining the relationship between perfectionism, self-concept clarity, and self-esteem and the share of prediction of each in social comparison.
The current cross sectional study included all female high school students in Tehran in the 2014 - 2015 academic year. Of these, 477 females were selected by multistage cluster sampling.
The results of the correlation matrix was indicative of a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and self-concept clarity with social comparison (P Targeting individual differences that make people vulnerable to social comparison not only contributes to understanding the development of eating problems and body image, but also has implications for prevention and treatment.

Nowadays, military medicine is an authentic and scientific academic field which is widely used among professionals in military centers. It is also essential to preserve the health and effectiveness of the armed force and their families in individual and social terms. Journals of military medicine have been considered as a context to present the latest scientific research worldwide. This study has been conducted aimed to assess the descriptive of military medicine journals in Iran and the world.
This cross-sectional study was implemented by cross-sectional analytical method on all military medicine journals in Iran and the world. Three authentic scientific databases of Scopus, PubMed, and Thomson Reuters and also a number of Islamic Scientific Centers (ISC) were referred in order to retrieve the scientific journals of military medicine in Iran and the world. After retrieving the titles of the journals, the main page of every journals was referred and necessary information was recorded and was eventually reported.
By searching the ISC, four Iranian journals of Military Medicine, Ebnesina, Teb-e-Janbaz (Iranian Journal of War and Public Health), and Police Medicine were found. These journals have been published as quarterly in Persian with English abstracts. The most authentic (Scopus index) and oldest (17 years of experience in print) of them is the Journal of Military Medicine affiliated to Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. By evaluating the military medical journals in the world and by searching the databases including Scopus, PubMed, and Thomson Reuters, 68 Journals of military medicine were retrieved, one of which was published in Iran (Journal of Military Medicine). Among these 68 journals, the publication of 45 journals (67.2%) was stopped and 23 journals were published (32.8%). Among these journals, 23 publishing journals were related to 9 countries including USA (52.5%), UK (13%), China (8.7%), Iran (Journal of Military Medicine), India, Germany, France, Belgium, and Australia. As observed, 91% of military medical journals are now being published in English. The Military Medicine journal of USA was known as the most authentic (IF: 0.9), and the oldest (124 years of publication history) journal in the field of military medicine. The newest journal was related to UK with the title of “Disaster and Military Medicine” which has been initiated to publication from 2015 and is now indexed in PubMed.
According to the findings of this study, it can be stated that today presenting researches of military medicine is extremely important in a few countries (9 countries), especially in USA. On the other hand, considering that the Journal of Military Medicine (Iran) is indexed in Scopus along with 23 other journals, it indicates the appropriate status of military medicine in Iran.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are large ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses causing primarily respiratory disease in humans. A novel human coronavirus, subsequently named middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), was first reported in Saudi Arabia in September of 2012. With increasing numbers of infections and deaths from MERS-CoV, development of a rapid and reliable kit was crucial to prevent further spread of MERS-CoV.
In this study, we present two real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assays for in-house rapid and sensitive diagnostic testing of MERS-CoV, detecting the regions upstream of the envelope gene (upE) and open reading frame (ORF) 1b, respectively, for initial screening and final confirmation of MERS-CoV infection, as recommended by the world health organization (WHO).
In this experimental study, acquiring patient samples was difficult; thus, according to WHO recommendations and standard protocols, we synthesized RNA sequences of upE and ORF1b genes as the template signatures and TaqMan based-diagnostic rRT-PCR assays were carried out using these synthetic genes for detection of MERS-CoV. In this research, we also inaugurated a cell-free system to transcribe these RNA sequences using the DNA templates synthesized.
The upE and ORF1b based one-step rRT-PCR assays were optimized by testing several times via different synthetic RNAs, and validation results were highly successful. The sensitivity obtained for upE was fewer than ten copies of RNA template per reaction and for ORF1b was 50 or fewer copies per reaction.
This study showed that the developed rRT-PCR assays are rapid, reliable, reproducible, specific, sensitive, and simple tools for detection of MERS-CoV. Finally, a kit consisting of two assay signatures and controls was assembled, which can be distributed to public health laboratories in Iran to support international MERS-CoV surveillance and public health response.

Quality-of-life therapy (QOLT) is an integrative psychotherapy that was formed by adding positive psychology concepts to cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT).
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of QOLT on the sexual self-concept of Iranian women.
Patients and A double-blind randomized experimental study was done from February 2011 to January 2012. The study subjects were recruited from a mental health nongovernmental organization in Isfahan, Iran. They were assigned randomly to two groups. The first group was under ten sessions of QOLT, and the second, as a control group, was under psycho-sexual education (PSE). General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), the Multidimentional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire, and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) were completed for participants before and after the intervention. The ANCOVA model was used for analysis.
The findings revealed no significant differences between the two groups in mental health (GHQ-28 scores) and female sexual dysfunction, but sexual self-concept changed. Two subscales of sexual self-concept, sexual monitoring (QOLT group = 6.3 ± 2.7 vs PSE group = 4.7 ± 3.1 P QOLT did not impact mental health, but it could change many dimensions of sexual self-concept.