seyede nahid shetab boushehri

Today, consumer behavior has changed from traditional methods to online methods. However, the factors that may attract consumer visual attention online have yet to be studied. Therefore, using an eye-tracking approach, the current research investigated the effect of the vertical orientation of sportswear images on attracting customers' visual attention.

This research was designed as a semi-experimental study. Two critical factors, fixation count (FC) and total fixation duration (TFD), extracted the vision data of 32 participants purchasing Majid brand sportswear. Pupil capture and pupil player software were utilized to record and analyze research data. The extracted data were analyzed in the next step through repeated measure ANOVA.

The results showed that the vertical orientation of sportswear images affects customers' visual attention. In most cases, images without human models and in higher positions attract more visual attention than those in lower positions. The results have practical implications for website designers, online sellers, and sports marketers regarding the appropriate placement of products in website design.

Originality: 

This research investigates the effect of the vertical orientation of sportswear images on attracting the visual attention of customers in Iran using eye-tracking technology for the first time. This article can encourage sportswear businesses to evaluate the visual stimuli of their website design using eye-tracking studies. By catching customers' attention, they can develop and optimize their website design.

One of the topics that is important in many sports skills is the Psychological refractory period that is a delay in responding to stimuli that are presented in short intervals. The aim of recent research is the effect of number of simulation-response and Stimulus Onset Asynchrony on Psychological refractory period in athlete and non- athlete person.

This research is a semi-experiment and field of fundamental-applied research. 15 athletes and 15 non-athlete students of university (22.25±1.08 years) were selected by convenience targeted sampling. The instrument was Serial Reaction Time Measuring Apparatus, msi notebook and Annett Hand Preference Questionnaire. From all participants, task test the taken using a psychological refractory period included the number of different response stimuli (one, two, four and eight) for the first and second stimuli and four time intervals (100,200,400 and 600 milliseconds) between the two stimuli. data using analysis of oneway variance tests of 4×4×2 with repeated measures with Bonferroni test were used.

The results showed that at more time intervals and in the number of stimuli-less responses, there was a shorter psychological refractory period. Also, there is a significant difference between the athletes and non-athletes in the number of stimulus-response eight-choice.

It seems that in more number of stimulus-responses, according to Welfard's single-channel theory, because the later channel is empty, a longer Psychological refractory period occurs. Athletes, due to the experience of more challenges in exercise and the Preparation neuropsychology muscular system, in more difficult tasks, they perform better than non-athletes.

The aim of this present study is to the effective factors on the emergence of office corruption and methods of its control in the Ministry of Youth and Sports. The method of this research is Descriptive-Survey. Statistical population of this study includes personnel of the Ministry of Youth and Sports which are 900 persons based on this ministry’s reports. According to the Morgan Sampling Table, 269 subjects were chosen randomly as the statistical sample. But, 320 questionnaires were distributed and collected to prevent statistical sample drop. Researcher’s questionnaire was used in this research. The validity of this questionnaire was evaluated by content and structure validity and its reliability was investigated by reliability coefficient of Cronbakh’s Alpha. To analyze data, descriptive and inferential statistics (Exploratory factor analysis and Friedman test) were used. The results showed that organizational factors with the greatest amount of 88/5 and 40/2 of awareness with the least impact on the incidence of corruption is Audrey. The results show that the control of corruption Which factors most impact the effectiveness of legislation with the amount of 3/63 And management factors - with a 1/42 administrative control of corruption have the least impact on the methods. So according to the effective factors on the emergence of office corruption and methods of its control in the Ministry of Youth and Sports, discussions related to this research are suggested to be considered by the officials.