seyyed mahmoud latifi

Diabetes is the most common glandular disease in the world. The peak prevalence of type one is diagnosed during adolescence. Therefore, the issue of diabetes control in adolescence is very important. This study was designed to determine the relationship between family function and adolescent self-care behaviours in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

In this cross-sectional study, the study population included all adolescents with type 1 diabetes referred to specialized diabetes clinics of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences and their families. 62 families and their sick children were selected as the research sample by available sampling method and after obtaining informed consent, were studied. Data collection tools included demographic information form, Family Assessment Device and self-care of adolescents with diabetes questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient and SPSS software version 22.

Among the adolescents studied, 46.7% (29 people) were boys and 53.2% (33 people) were girls. All studied families reported the overall functioning of their families as unhealthy. Most of the adolescents in the study reported poor self-care (51.6%). 96.8% (n = 60) of the adolescents had HbAӏC blood levels higher than 9%. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between family functioning and self-care behaviours in adolescents (p = 0.014).

Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the performance of families with adolescents with type 1 diabetes is an important and influential variable on the child's self-care behaviours and blood sugar control. Therefore, helping families to increase their efficiency can play an important role in controlling diabetes.

Drug adherence plays an important role in reducing readmission of patients with mental disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of family-based empowerment education with telephone follow-up on drug adherence and readmission of patients with mental disorders.

This interventional study was performed on 66 patients with mental disorders and one of their family members. The study units were selected by available sampling method and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Data collection tools were demographic information form and Madanloo drug adherence questionnaire. The intervention consisted of 8 training sessions based on the family-centered empowerment model with 3 months of telephone follow-up. Drug adherence and number of readmissions were measured before and after the intervention. Independent t-test, Chi-square, Wilcoxon and SPSS software version 22 were used for statistical analysis.

The two study groups were matched in terms of variables affecting the results. 3 months after the intervention, the results showed that drug adherence increased in the intervention group and independent t-test showed a significant difference (P <0.0001). In terms of the number of readmissions, the results showed that the number of readmissions decreased in the intervention group and Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference (P <0.0001).

Empowerment through education enables the family to play a more effective role in managing the disease of its affected member. Using telephone follow-up after the educational intervention will help a lot in its effectiveness and continuity.

Evening primrose is one of the medicinal herbs with good effects which has been used in the treatment of multiple physical and mental problems and no side effects of its oral consumption has not been reported so far; therefore this study was performed with aim to evaluate the effects of evening primrose oilon prevention of postpartum grief in primiparous women referred to Ahvaz health centers.
This clinical double-blind randomized trial was conducted on 132 primiparous women referred to Ahvaz health centers in 2012-2013. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of 66 cases to receive a daily dose of 1 gr of evening primrose oil capsule or similar placebo gelatin capsule from the beginning of 37th weeks of pregnancy up to two weeks after delivery. The samples were assessed by Edinburg standard questionnaire on days of 4, 10 and 14 after delivery. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20), and independent t-test, Chi-square and repeated measures analysis test. P There was statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the risk of the postpartum grief, so that the risk of postpartum grief was lower in the intervention group than the placebo group (P=0.0001). The mean score of Edinburgh test in intervention group was significantly less compared to the control group on postpartum 4th day (p = 0.0001), 10th day (p = 0.001), and 14th day (p = 0.08).
The use of evening primrose oil is effective to prevent postpartum grief.

Today, diabetes has become a major challenge for health systems around the globe. It is important to determine patients, families and nurses’ viewpoints and consider their views for controlling diabetes..
The aim of this study was to compare the obstacles related to medical-health systems from the viewpoints of patients, families and nurses in the diabetes association of Ahvaz city, Iran, during year 2012 in order to effectively control diabetes..
Patients and In this cross-sectional study, 75 patients with diabetes and 75 family members of these patients and 75 nurses were randomly selected. The applied tool for data gathering was a questionnaire provided by the researchers and consisted of two parts; the first part of the questions was related to demographic characteristics and the second part was related to obstacles for controlling diabetes. The SPSS (19th version) software and deductive and descriptive statistics were applied for analyzing the data..
The results of this research showed that there was a significant difference among mean scores of obstacles related to medical-health systems from the viewpoint of patients, families and nurses (P = 0.001), so that patients gave a maximum mean score (52.81) and nurses gave a minimum mean score (46.61) for these obstacles..
Regarding the results, it could be suggested that the reason for not being able to control diabetes was the existence of differences among viewpoints while by getting to know the obstacles for controlling diabetes from the viewpoints of the three studied groups, more effective planning for controlling diabetes could be possible..

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic disease in Iran that is caused by Leishmania parasite and transmits to human by Phelebotumus sand flies. The lysis of the skin cells occurs by the parasite with the presentation of a dry sore in the rural areas and a wet sore in the urban areas. In this study, the frequency and epidemiologic parameters of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis patients were studied in the Omidieh district. Methods and Materials: in this retrospective study 112 cases with CL were described. These cases were recorded in the Omidieh Health Centre during the years 2008 to 2010. Finally, the statistical indices were calculated using SPSS software. The analysis of the obtained data indicated that about 61% of CL patients were male and 39% female. The age range of patients was between 5 months and 85 years, with a mean of 20±18 year. The age group with a range of 0 to 9 years was the modal group with 35.4% of all the patients. The frequencies of scores according to the parts of bodies were: hands and arms 37.3%, feet and legs 36.6%, head and face 19.7% and the rest of body parts had 6.3% respectively. The Incidence rate per 100 thousand populations, during the years 2008, 2009 and 2010 were 56.84, 55.68 and 18.56 respectively. As the results showed after the age of 9 the prevalence of the disease decreased which may be due to the improvement of the immune system against the disease over the years. It is assumed that this area was an endemic focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, however, more studies are needed to clear all the aspects of this disease regarding Omidieh ecosystem.

Birth-weight is affected by many factors. Some studies have shown that season of birth may be affected on birth-weight. However، there is less information about this effete mechanisms underlying. This study was carried out to define the relationship among birth weight and season of birth and some related factors. This analytical cross-sectional study was held on 808 children under one year old who were attended to health centers of west of Ahvaz in 2008. Samples were randomly selected in two stages. Data were gathered through questionnaire and were analyzed by the means of statistical SPSS software version 17، Chi-Square and Pearson correlation tests، ANOVA، and linear regression. P value less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Mean birth-weight was 3273. 5±525. 4، 3251. 6±421. 3، 3280. 5±547. 6 and 3192. 9 ±518. 4 gram in spring، summer، autumn and winter respectively. Although there was no significant correlation between these variables، a seasonal rhythm in mean birth-weight was observed. The rates of low birth weight were 4. 9% with highest rate (6. 5%) in winter. The relationship between birth-weight and other variables such as sex، birth rank، maternal age، and weight gain in pregnancy were significantly positive (p<0. 05). In regards to the findings، improvement of proper and efficient prenatal care، educational and interventional programs focusing on gestational weight-gain and special care of nuliparous women can play an important role in increasing birth weight.