shahed masoudi

  The aim of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on cognitive flexibility, marital frustration and post-traumatic growth in women with cancer in Mashhad.

The research method was semi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all women with cancer who referred to Omid hospital and specialized centers in Mashhad in 1400. 36 women with cancer (18 women in each group). Then schema therapy (for 8 sessions of 90 minutes) was performed on the experimental group and the control group did not receive any therapy. Both groups responded to the cognitive flexibility questionnaires of Denay and Vanaderval (2010), marital frustration by Kaiser (1993) and post-traumatic growth by Tedeschi and Calhoun (1996). Data analysis was performed using the repeated measures analysis of variance test and Bonferroni post hoc test using SPSS statistical software (version 23).

The findings showed that schema therapy was effective in increasing cognitive flexibility, increasing post-traumatic growth and decreasing marital frustration in women with cancer (p ≥ 0/01).

Since schema therapy had favorable effects on the upcoming research variables, it is therefore suggested to use it as an effective treatment method to support special cancer patients.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of teaching dialogic skills to mothers on self-esteem, communication skills and child-to-mother attitude in sixth grade elementary school students in Bojnord city. The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population of the current research included all the mothers of sixth grade students in Bojnord city level schools. Due to the unknown number of members of the statistical population of the research, using the available sampling method, 60 mothers of students of selected schools were investigated and studied in two groups of 30 people, control and experiment. Questionnaires used in this research included Cooper Smith's self-esteem scale (1967), Jarbak's communication skills (2004) and Hudson's attitude towards mother (1992). To analyze the data and hypotheses, the statistical test method "Repeated Measurement Variance Analysis" and SPSS software were used. The findings showed that teaching dialogic skills to mothers has a positive and significant effect on students' self-esteem, communication skills, and child-to-mother attitude

In this study, the role of resilience, locus of control, and social health in predicting post-traumatic growth in cancer patients was investigated. 

In this correlation-regression study in Mashhad-Iran, 212 patients (143 women and 69 men) with diagnosed cancer were selected using the convenient sampling method. Post-traumatic growth, resilience, locus of control, and social health questionnaires were used online. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression methods in SPSS version 26 software. 

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between resilience, locus of control, and social health with post-traumatic growth (P< 0.05). Also the results showed that resilience and social health are predictors of post-traumatic growth (P< 0.05). However, the locus of control cannot predict post-traumatic growth in cancer patients (P> 0.05).

Based on the findings, if resilience and social health are more, it can predict post-traumatic growth in cancer patients.

Today, the Internet has become an essential tool for education, entertainment, information sharing, and communication, turning into an integral part of people's lives. The use of the Internet is expanding in various aspects of human life. So, it is crucial to understand how people interact with it. As disorders related to people's interactions with the Internet and social media are emerging as an important scientific research topic, various studies have examined the factors that play a role in addiction to virtual social networks. Therefore, this study aimed to model the addiction to virtual social networks based on early maladaptive schemas with the mediating role of spiritual identity in female adolescents.

Due to its nature, the present research was descriptive–analytical using structural equation modeling. The statistical population comprised all female high school students in Babol City, Iran, in the academic year of 2017–18. A total of 320 female students were selected using the available sampling method. Fifteen people are needed for each observed variable in modeling research (16). There are also 10 observed variables based on the conceptual model (Figure 1). Therefore, 150 people were needed in this study. However, because the participants may not complete all the questionnaires, 380 questionnaires were distributed among students, of which 320 were fully completed and returned. Therefore, in this study, to reduce the sampling error and prevent the dropout of the subjects, 320 people were selected using the available sampling method. To collect the data, we used the Addiction to Mobile–Based Social Network Questionnaire (Khajeh Ahmadi et al., 2016), the Young Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire (Young, 1990), and the Spiritual Identity Questionnaire (Rostami and Jokar, 2014). The inclusion criteria comprised female adolescents studying in high school, living with their parents, not suffering from a specific physical illness or mental disorder, and not taking special psychological treatment or medication. The exclusion criterion included a lack of cooperation in completing the questionnaires. The Pearson correlation was performed for data analysis, and the structural equation model was constructed using SPSS software version 24 and Amos version 24. The significance level of all tests was set at 0.05. In this study, ethical standards, including informed consent and confidentiality of the participants' information, were observed. The participants were also free to leave the research at any time. They provided personal data at the start of the test. They were assured that their information would remain confidential.

The study of direct path coefficients between different paths showed that the maladaptive schema had significant direct relationships with spiritual identity (p=0.011, β=0.65) and addiction to virtual networks (p<0.001, β=0.65). However, the spiritual identity was not directly related to virtual network addiction (p=0.072, β=0.16). The fit indices of the fitted conceptual model were as follows: CMIN/df=3.9, GFI=0.95, NFI=0.939, RMSEA=0.071).

Based on the findings of this study, early maladaptive schemas in female adolescents will increase addiction to virtual social networks by affecting spiritual identity.

Various factors at the personality and psychological levels, such as feelings of inferiority, excitement seeking, and attachment styles separately and in interaction with each other, affect the relationship between couples and lead to an increase in their tendency towards marital infidelity. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on feelings of inferiority, sensation-seeking, and attachment styles of married women with experience of extramarital relationships.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. Its statistical population was made up of all the women of Mashhad who were involved in or had experience of extramarital relationships and who had a counseling case in Pidaish counseling centers of Mashhad; 40 women who met the conditions to enter the research were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental (20 people) and control (20 people) groups. The data collection tool was Hazen and Shaver's attachment style questionnaire (1986), Zuckerman's sensation seeking (1979) and Eysenck's inferiority complex (1988). The training group was given emotional therapy during 9 sessions, and the control group was not subjected to any intervention. Data analysis was done through univariate and multivariate covariance analysis using SPSS-22 software.

The findings showed that emotion-oriented therapy training is effective on sensation seeking, feelings of inferiority and on all three secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles (P=0.001).

The results showed the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on feelings of inferiority, sensation-seeking, and attachment styles of married women with experience of extramarital relationships. Therefore, therapists and psychologists can use this treatment method to improve psychological health, especially to reduce feelings of inferiority, sensation seeking, and to improve secure attachment styles

Nurses’ frequent confrontation with critical and painful conditions of patients in different wards can decrease the quality of professional life that can lead to psychological damages such as decline in quality of care-taking and outcomes of care-taking programs. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the role of schematic mentalities in predicting the nurses’ quality of professional life with respect to the mediating role of psychological well-being.

This study was conducted on 300 nurses who worked in 8 private hospitals in Mashhad city (Iran) between May and November 2021. Yang's (2008) schematic mentality questionnaires, Riff's psychological well-being (1989) and Ghasemzadeh's quality of professional life (2004) were used to collect data. Data analysis was done using SPSS and PLS statistical software and structural equation test.

The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between schema mentalities and the quality of work life of nurses with the mediating role of mental well-being, and It is able to create 87.2% of changes in the quality of working life through mental well-being.

According to the results, it is suggested to adjust the schema mentalities of nurses and improve their mental well-being in order to improve the quality of their professional life.

Marital infidelity damages marriage and increases the tensions between couples. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of group narrative therapy on feeling of inferiority and attachment styles in married women experienced marital infidelity.

This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest design using a control group. The study population consists of all women experienced marital infidelity referred to Peidayesh Counseling Center in Mashhad, Iran. Of these, 40 eligible women were selected using a convenience sampling method and assigned into intervention (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. Data collection tools were Hazan and Shaver (1986)’s Adult Attachment Questionnaire and Eysenck (1988)’s Inferiority Questionnaire. Group narrative therapy was performed in the intervention group at 7 sessions while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was performed by univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software, v. 22.

Group narrative therapy had significant effects on feeling of inferiority and all three secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles (P=0.001).

Group narrative therapy can reduce feelings of inferiority and avoidant and ambivalent attachments and increase secure attachment in women experienced marital infidelity. This method can be used to improve psychological problems of these women.

Frequent exposure of nurses to painful and excruciating conditions of patients in different wards can lead to a decrease in their quality of professional life, which in turn can cause to psychological injuries such as a decrease in the quality and outcome of the patient care. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality-occupational types and quality of work life of nurses mediated by social intelligence.

This study is an advanced correlational one was performed by modeling structural relationships, data analysis method, and structural equation on 300 nurses working in 8 private hospitals in Mashhad, Iran, between May and November 2021. The Pesonality Type Questionnaire (Myers-Briggs, 1998), Social Intelligence Scale (Tromso Silvera, Martin, Eusen & Dahl, 2001), and the Quality of Work Life Questionnaire (Qasemzadeh, 2005) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and PLS statistical software programs and structural equation modeling.

The results of data analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between personality-occupational types and the quality of nurses' working life by mediating social intelligence, and the variable “Structural” type is able to explain 47% of changes in quality of work life through social intelligence which has the most indirect effect on it. The lowest indirect effect is related to intuitive personality type.

According to the obtained results, it is suggested that to improve the quality of work life of the nurses by improving their personality-occupational types and social intelligence.

The aim of present research was presenting the model of addiction to virtual social network based on psychological distress with the mediating role of perceived parenting style in adolescent girls.

This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The study population was senior female students of Babol city in the 2019-20academic years. The sample size according to Cochran's formula was estimated to be 200 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research instruments were included the addiction to virtual social network questionnaire (Khajeahmadi et al, 2017), depression anxiety stress scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) and perceived parenting style scale (Grolnick et al, 1997). Data were analyzed with using Pearson correlation coefficients and structural equation modeling in SPSS-23 and AMOS-24 software.

The findings showed that the model of addiction to virtual social network based on psychological distress with the mediating role of perceived parenting style in adolescent girls had a good fit. Other findings showed that psychological distress had a direct and negative effect on perceived parenting style and a direct and a direct and positive effect on addiction to virtual social networks and perceived parenting style had a direct and negative effect on addiction to virtual social networks. Also, other findings showed that psychological distress with the mediating role of perceived parenting style had an indirect and positive effect on addiction to virtual social networks (P<0.05).

The results indicated the mediating role of perceived parenting style in the model of addiction to virtual social network based on psychological distress in adolescent girls. Therefore, to reduce the addiction to virtual social networks, planning is essential to reduce psychological distress and improve perceived parenting style.

The aim of this study was to predict self-differentiation based on family communication models and personality types of married women

The statistical population of this study includes all women in Mashhad. Among the married women who referred to the municipal cultural centers, which were about 460 people, which were by cluster sampling method and based on Krejcie and Morgan table 210 People were selected as a sample. They answered three questionnaires of family communication models, personality types and self-differentiation. In order to analyze the data of this study, descriptive statistics of mean and variance and inferential statistics of Pearson correlation coefficient and regression were used

The results showed that there is a relationship between family communication models and personality types with self-differentiation in married women. In fact, the communication model of family dialogue, extraversion, openness and adaptation to self-differentiation in married women have a positive and significant relationship.

The two communication models of conformity and neurotic personality have a negative and significant relationship with self-differentiation. Also, among the communication models of family and personality types, the dimensions of conformity and dialogue, openness, adaptability and conscientiousness predict self-differentiation, but neuroticism and extroversion are predictable. They do not have a meaningful nose of self-differentiation.

This study examined the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the Improvement of sleep quality in elderly people With Chronic Pain was conducted.

This study was a semi-experimental (Pretest- post test plan the unequal control group) and to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) based on the Improvement of sleep quality in elderly people With Chronic Pain. the study population included all elderly people 65  years old and older with chronic pain  at neshat old people's home in the city of Mashhad in 2018, that 24 of them voluntarily selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (12 people). in this study, used McGill's Chronic Pain scale (1975) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (1993). after the formation of groups, was conducted. (ACT) in 8 sessions of 90 minute. upon completion of the training program, from both groups were post test. Data for the analysis of covariance was used.

Data analysis showed that "act" improving sleep quality among elderly people With Chronic Pain (p < 0/05).

The results indicate that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective on sleep quality in elderly people With Chronic Pain.

wife abuse as a dysfunctional procedures, it is the matter of concern as hidden damage and serious fulmination against women. Therefore the aim of this study is prediction of acceptance wife abuse based on helplessness, and body image on women. The design used in this study is a descriptive post-event and correlation study. The statistical population of this study consisted of women referring to forensic medicine within 6 months from Esfand 96 to Shahrivar 97, among which 400 women were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed using concurrent regression. The result showed that helplessness %23 and body image %1/3 can predict the variance of wife abuse. In the other words the more helplessness adoption of spouse abuse in person rises. Therefore each of these variables can play a main role in accepting wife abuse in women and the women with these personality may be more vulnerable to damage, so considering the role of each variable in wife abuse it can be used to prevent this problem in intervention and treatment even premarital counseling.

Chronic pain seems to be one of the chronic diseases associated with the elderly which causes stress in the elderly. Researchers are looking to treat this stress through non-pharmacological methods. Therefore, the present research aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the reduction of perceived stress in the elderly afflicted with chronic pain. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population included all the elderly with chronic pain living in Mashhad during 2017. For this aim, 24 of the elderly were chosen through a convenience sampling method along with inclusion criteria and placed randomly into two groups of experimental and control (with 12 members). Research tools consisted of the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Acceptance and commitment therapy was administered to the experiment group in eight 90-minute sessions, while the control grope received no intervention at the same time. Research data were analyzed using the univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results indicated the reduction of scores of perceived stress in the experimental group in comparison to that of the control group (P<0.05). Thus, acceptance and commitment therapy appears to be effective in the reduction of perceived stress in the elderly afflicted with chronic pain. The findings demonstrate the necessity of using acceptance and commitment therapy to reduce perceived stress in the elderly. Therefore, acceptance and commitment therapy is suggested to be used to provide psychological services for the elderly.

Background and Women's satisfaction with childbirth may influence their transition to motherhood. Training interventions during pregnancy may improve the ability of expectant mothers to cope with stress, promote the maternal role competence, and increase mothers’ satisfaction. This study aimed at investigating the effect of prenatal psychological trainings on satisfaction with childbirth and maternal role competence in primiparous women. This clinical trial was conducted in 122 primigravid women at 14-28 gestational age attending the Healthcare Centers in Mashhad, Iran 2015-2016. The subjects were divided into two groups of intervention and control using drawing. The intervention group received psychological trainings in three sessions. Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating Scale, The Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were administered. Data were analyzed applying descriptive and analytical statistics. Satisfaction with childbirth experiences was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to that in the control group (23.3% and 12.9%, respectively, P= 0.046). The mean scores for maternal role competence in intervention group and controls were the values61 (10) and 54/5 (12), respectively, indicating significant differences between the two groups (P= 0.003). According to current findings, prenatal psychological trainings increased mothers’ satisfaction with childbirth and enhanced maternal role competence.

(Clinical Trials Registry Number: IRCT2017071135008N1)

Severe fear of childbirth (FOC) is the most important cause of elective and emergency cesarean section and results in an unpleasant experience among women. Implementing a psychoeducational program can promote mothers’ knowledge and reduce the FOC.
Aim: the aim of this study was to determine the effect of childbirth psychoeducational program on the FOC intensity in primigravid women.
This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 122 primigravid women with a gestational age of 14 to 28 weeks referred to healthcare centers of Mashhad, Iran, during 2015-2016. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ), versions A and B, was used for the data collection. The subjects had the FOC scores of 66 or higher based on the W-DEQ, version A. The women in the intervention group received the psychoeducational program for three weeks (one 90-minute session per week) by a clinical psychologist; however, the control group underwent the routine prenatal care. The FOC intensity was reassessed using W-DEQ, version B, six weeks postpartum in both groups. Data analysis was performed in SPSS, version 20, using Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests.
The mean age of the subjects was 23.2±3.6 and 24.2±4.4 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. After the intervention, the Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated a significant difference between the intervention (83.5±21.7) and control (92.6±18.4) groups regarding the mean FOC score (P=0.001).
Implications for Practice: The childbirth psychoeducational program could diminish the FOC in primigravid women with severe FOC. We recommend midwives and expert psychologists to incorporate psychoeducational programs in childbirth classes.

Death anxiety is defined as feelings of panic, anxiety and fear of death and non-existence. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in relation to attachment styles and anxiety of death among patients with cancer. For this purpose, in a descriptive correlational study, 367 patients (140 women and 227 men) were selected through volunteering sampling from cancer patients referred to specialized and oncology centre of Emam Reza, Ghaem Hospital and Omid Hospital in Mashhad between September 93 to August 94. The participants were evaluated for death anxiety level, adult attachment style, and early maladaptive schemas. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between attachment styles and anxiety of death through mediation of early maladaptive schemas, and that early maladaptive schemas have been able to affect, the relationship between attachment styles and the anxiety of death as a mediator variable. Thus, using the psychological interventions for alteration of unhealthy behavioral patterns, and counseling a psychologist to identify and modify the primary schemas, alongside the primary medical techniques, can help to reduce the psychological harm among the cancer patients.

The main aim of the current study was to examine the relationships between job involvement، responsibility and job satisfaction with job burnout. A sample of 180 workers at Arak Aluminum Factory completed Kanungo Job Involvement Scale، Maslach and Jackson Job Burnout Inventory، Spector Job Satisfaction Survey and California Personality Inventory (CPI). Analysis of data by Pearson moment correlation coefficient statistical analysis indicated that there were significant statistical relationships among the four variables of the study. Also، regression analysis indicated that a linear combination of predictor variables of job involvement، job satisfaction and responsibility was able to predict31. 8% of changes in the criterion variable of emotional exhaustion as the main component of job burnout. Also، job involvement and job satisfaction had the highest role in predicting the emotional exhaustion.

This research has been done according to the cognitive-behavioural theories and biochemical model in order to evaluate the efficiency of Group Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy in combination with Pharmacotherapy on Mania and Depression Symptoms and Awareness of warming signs of relapse in patients with Bipolar Disorder.Methods and Materials: In this study with the experimental pretest- posttest- follow up plan, 30 women suffering from bipolar disorder, randomly assigned to receive either the group cognitive-behaviour therapy (experimental group, n=15) or usal treatment (control group, n=15);and were follow-up for a six months. patients in both groups were prescribed standard Pharmacotherapy. First all subjects were put to a pretest in equal conditions with measures of scale 2 and 9 of MMPI Test, and warming signs checklist. Then the experimental group received group cognitive-behaviour therapy for 8 sessions in addition to their medication therapy. The control group only received medicine. At the end of the experiment, all subjects were tested under equal conditions. After completion of the treatment process, the subjects of both groups were supervised for 6 months. The findings of the study were analyzed by the statistical method of Multi-variable analysis of variance with repetitive measurements. The findings showed that the group cognitive-behaviour therapy had been significantly more efficient in reduction of mania symptoms{p=0/03} and increment of awareness of warming signs of relapse {p=0/00} in comparison with control group; but there is no significantly differences in depression symptoms between two groups. The findings of this study suggest the beneficial effect of Group cognitive-behaviour therapy in reducing of mania symptoms and increment of awareness of warming signs of relapse. Therefore, it can be used as a complementary treatment by clinicians.

Bipolar disorder is a common psychological disorder which affects the patient's life due to early onset, frequent episodes, long term treatment and losing social relationships. The present research aims at evaluating the rate of effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral treatment on higher adherence to pharmacotherapy and improvement of interpersonal-relationship in patients suffering from bipolar disorder.The research subjects included 30 females suffering from bipolar disorder, hospitalized in Ibn-e-Sina psychiatry hospital, Mashhad. The participants were selected by their availability and were randomly distributed in experimental and control groups.After the primary dropping out, each group consisted of 11 members took medicine. California test (category B) and nursing form made the pretest of the study, given to the subjects in equal conditions. The experimental group received group cognitive-behavioral therapy in 8 sessions as well as their medication therapy. The control group only received medicine. At the end of the experiment and 6 months later, all subjects were tested under equal circumstances. The findings of the study were analyzed through multi-variable variance analysis and t- test. The cognitive-behavioral therapy group has been efficiently significant in increment of medication compliance (P<0.01) and improvement of interpersonal relationship (good impression, communality, tolerance, self-control, responsibility (P<0.01) and socialization (P=0.04) in comparing with the control group. Cognitive behavioral therapy group can be efficient in increment of medication compliance and improvement of personal relationships; therefore, cognitive-behavioral therapy group can be used as a complementary treatment by the clinicians.