shahin arian

Social values ​​are ingrained emotions that people accept and base their actions and behavior on. The purpose of this study is to represent social values ​​in the proverbs of the people of Ilam. The research method is quantitative content analysis and the statistical population includes all the proverbs that have been published in related books. The sampling method was complete enumeration.The research findings confirm that the predominant form of values ​​considered by the people of Ilam, which are represented in proverbs, are values ​​based on social change, collectivism and altruism and belief in the collective interest and avoidance of personal profit, prudence, social order and adherence to norm. And social tolerance, equality in two dimensions in general (justice and moderation) and in the specific dimension (gender equality), family values ​​and kinship, and economic values ​​in both positive (praise of economic capital) and negative (condemnation of wealth and nobility) dimensions.The results of the study represent a kind of social character that believes in social change, altruism, rationality, orderliness, tolerance, egalitarianism, kinship and economic capital, but the tribal settlements are based on gratitude, particularism and hegemony. It is also masculine.

Binary opposition is one of the fundamental concepts in the critique of structuralism, and post-structuralism as well as the theories of linguistics and semiotics which are rooted in the mythological and cultural beliefs. Binary opposition shifted from linguistics to cultural studies and was challenged in the postmodern condition eventually. Claude Levi-Strauss espouses a bipolar-oppositional structure to the logic of myth, including proverbs. In his view, the structure of the human mind to understand phenomena puts each continuum in a binary reciprocal polarity. This pervasive mental action will eventually lead to the binary opposition, such as nature and culture. The purpose of the present study, however, is to represent the value binaries in the proverbs of the Ilami people. Due to the reconstructural nature of the case study, the research paradigm was qualitative and the method used was qualitative content analysis. The data is the published books about the proverbs of the Ilami people and some key informants were asked to supplement the information. These people were selected through purposeful sampling and were questioned through semi-structured interviews. The findings indicated that the binary value of the Ilami proverbs includes the following general binary oppositions: rational/irrational; collective/individual; dynamism / stagnation; universalism / particularism; order/ disorder; social capital development/ social capital erosion; moderation/ extremism; and justice/ oppression. These binaries consist of more detailed subcategories that represent a society saturated with opposition. The binary oppositions derived from the findings are largely consistent with the Talcot Parsons model variables.