simin yari

The current research has examined and compared the similarities and differences between the two famous and popular epic characters Karna in the mahabharata and Sohrab in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. In various fields, Sohrab is similar to one of the heroic characters of the Mahabharata named Karna. Karneh and Sohrab are considered symbols of courage, faith and outstanding ethics. Their story reveals the identity and complexities of father-child relationships. This article was written using the comparative method with the aim of finding the similarities and differences between Karneh and Sohrab. The findings of the research show that both of the mentioned characters face the same life path and heroic and tragic characteristics. For example, both of them have unique valor and bravery in the war, they live far from their father after birth, their father's identity remains hidden from them, they have a sign and gift from their father, they struggle to find their true identity and place. Unknowingly, they die at the hands of their loved ones and ultimately fate sets a tragic fate for them. It can be said that such similarities arise from the common roots of the culture and civilization of India and Iran and their common ethnic and racial background. In addition to this, cultural and literary exchanges between Iran and India have led to the formation of patterns, role-playing and common cultural concepts between these texts, Karna and Sohrab, are examples of these common concepts.

 The present research introduces us to the ancient and traditional style of marriage. Many customs that have been removed from memories and added to memories with the advent of modernity and under the pretext of civility and modernism. The present research depicts a corner of the mentioned culture in Meshkinshahr - a part of the territory of Azerbaijan, Iran. The purpose of this writing is to reflect the traditions of the past in the manner and manner of common and common marriage traditions in the past. The method used in this research is descriptive, documentary and field. This research examines the different stages of the marriage process from courtship to beautiful wedding celebrations in the past and present. Parents play an essential role in this connection. This article intends to provide the readers with clear views about marriage customs and celebrations that may never be repeated. 

One of man’s theoretical reactions to the thirst for immortality is the “belief in the afterlife” whose most prominent manifestation is represented by religious literature. Mahabharata and the epistle of Arda Viraf are two classical religious texts that belong to Hindu and Zoroastrian cultures, respectively. Yudhishtira and Viraf, who basically symbolize man’s existence in two different religious traditions, experience and describe human condition in the other world in the form of a spiritual journey. Comparing and contrasting these two religious texts, this article concludes that according to both texts, death is inevitable, but undesirable—though, not in the sense of annihilation, but in the sense of a passage from one existential state to another. These two religious texts consider good conduct, good thought and good speech play an important role in human happiness, and the lack of divine essence and material bondage is ascribed to lack of insight. However, unlike Mahabharata which explains man’s end according to both the doctrine of Saṃsāra (rebirth) and the idea of paradise and hell, the epistle of Arda Viraf merely speaks about the dwelling in paradise or in hell after the separation of soul form the body and crossing Chinvat Bridge.