soleyman zand

Patient training can be effective in preventing and controlling disease complications. Providing patient and family trainings is particularly important for improving compliance with a treatment diet.
The present study aimed at “determining the effect of two training methods (family-centered and patient-centered) on the frequency of hospitalization and clinical symptoms of patients after acute myocardial infarction”.
This clinical trial was performed in the Heart Care Unit of one of the hospitals in Arak, Iran between October and March 2014. Here, 60 patients who had experienced their first heart attack were randomly selected and divided into two groups: patient training and family training. Thereafter, for the intervention group, each patient was trained with an active member of the family through a computer in three fields of food, medicine, motion in three sessions of 30-45 min, and in the control group the same training content was given only to the patient (without the family). At the time of discharge, the checklist of patient's clinical symptoms and the number of re-admittance was given to patients to be marked if they occurred. Three months after the intervention, the incidence of clinical symptoms and re-admission in the two groups were compared and evaluated. Finally, data was analyzed using Chi-square and independent t-test.
The two groups were significantly different in terms of demographic characteristics including age, gender, history of smoking and alcohol, occupation, familial history of cardiovascular disease, education, sport, and underlying diseases. The findings showed that the frequency of clinical symptoms including chest pain (P = 0.0001), Exertional dyspnea (P = 0.004), Orthopnea (P = 0.033), Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (P = 0.03), Heart palpitations (P = 0.015) and the frequency of re-admittance (P = 0.015) were significantly lower in the family-based training group than patient-centered.
According to the results of this study, implementation of training programs with the presence of families plays an important role in following the plan, subsequently improving the treatment outcomes and reducing the cost of treatment for patients. Therefore, it is recommended that family-centered training interventions be conducted.

Heart failure is more common in the elderly than in the general population. Among the non-drug treatments, the easiest and most comprehensible method is direct implementation of sports program. Due to high cost of hospital care for patients with heart failure and complications, this study examined the effects of walking as a form of rehabilitation program. The subjects were patients hospitalized for heart failure.
This study was a double-blind trial carried out on 50 elderly patients with hearth failure evacuation fraction less than 50% in 2014. Then, they were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. The intervention group did exercise program on all days of the week except Friday. A questionnaire was used to collect date before and after intervention in both groups. To analyze the data, we used Chi-square, Exact Fisher test and Friedman test and SPSS 16.
Fridman test of cardiac function levels in the control group both before and after the implementation period showed no significant difference (p>0/05). In the intervention group, however, a significant difference was observed between two intervening periods (p The results of the study indicate that an exercise program can be safely performed in patients with class II and III heart failure and prevent deterioration of the disease.

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most important causes of abortion and postpartum infection in newborns. Because of the importance of L . monocytogenes in the health of pregnant women and newborn babies, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of these bacteria in pregnant women and to compare the level of prevalence between women with a history of abortion and with no a history of abortion.
In this study, 540 samples of pregnant women were provided from Arak Taleghani hospital. The samples were cultured in enrichment media, then L .monocytogenesis was isolated in specific media.
Of clinical samples, 14 cases had Listeria monocytogenes. Of these samples, 8 cases in women had a history of abortion, while women with no history of abortion were 6 Most cases of positive culture were related to the age of 25 to 34 years, including 7 cases, the lowest cases were 35 to 44 years old including 3 women and 4 women were between 17 and 24 years old.
The study showed that Listeria monocytogenes can cause infection in pregnant women. The use of Phenotypic methods and specific media can apparently isolate listeria monocytogenes from healthy pregnant women.

Due to difficulties in nursing education by teaching methods, and the uncertainty of the effectiveness of teaching by SMS, this study Comparing the effectiveness of SMS and lectures on the job training for nurses.
This study was a randomized intervention study in 2014. The samples in this study were selected by cluster sampling among the nurses in hospitals of Arak. Then randomly divided into two intervention groups: lectures (Group I: 43) and SMS (Group II: n = 43). Diabetic ketoacidosis was trained through lectures for the first group and short message service for the second group. Then, knowledge of nurses examined one month after the end of training. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20, using Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard deviation, Independent t-test, Paired t-test and Analysis of Covariance.
There was a significant difference between the post-test scores of the two groups (P Job training through lectures more than short message has been effective to increase the knowledge of nursing. It is suggested that in addition to the lecture as an effective method for training nurses, other methods such as the use of short message system has to be considered.

Parents who have children with chronic disease are susceptible to anxiety and depression. Parental anxiety and depression is associated with decreased sense of responsibility toward care، education and nutrition for their children and also for their mental disorder effect on their children’s mental and emotional health. The purpose of this study was to determine parent’s anxiety and depression of children with chronic disease in Tehran Mofid pediatric Hospital. The present study is cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2010. 440 parents of hospitalized children with chronic diseases were selected with simple random sampling. Study’s tool was Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Independent t-test and Pearson correlation tests. The results showed that 49. 1% of parents had moderate to severe and 24. 5% had mild anxiety. Also 31. 8% of samples were with moderate to severe depression and 27. 3% with mild depression. Child gender، location، duration of hospitalization of children showed significant association with the level of anxiety and depression (p<0. 05)، as well as a significant relationship between parent''s gender، history of anxiety and parent''s age with depression levels was observed (p<0. 05). According to results of this study، it is recommended to screen depression in parents of children with chronic illnesses in hospitals and clinics

To assess nutritional status in an elderly population living in nursing homes. This was a cross- sectional study of 199 elderly people 60 years old or above living in nursing homes in Arak، Iran. Data on nutrition was collected using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The findings showed that 19. 6% of elderly were suffering from malnutrition، 53. 3% were at risk of malnutrition، and in 27. 1% nutritional status was satisfactory. Of those suffering from malnutrition 77. 2% reported 1 to 3 chronic diseases or physical impairments. There were significant associations between nutrition and some health conditions (P<0. 001). The findings suggest that elderly people living in nursing home should be cared for their nutritional status.

Backache is a common problem in pregnancy period. Scientists believe that some simple exercise can help to prevent the occurrence of backache during their pregnancy period. Thus, this research carried out in order to investigate the effect of some simple exercises and correct daily activity in prevention of backache in pregnancy period. Methods and Materials: This is a clinical trial study that was carried out on 138 of pregnant women. The first group including 66 women which considered as control group and treatment group including 72 women. The research had four stages: 1) stage of taking history. 2) Arrange a teaching program. 3) stage of performance(In case group samples were done 60 minutes aerobic exercises for 3 days a week for the 30 weeks undersupervision a physiotherapist). 4) Assessment the results. Data were analyzed by SPSS for statistical analysis. According to the result 18.2% of woman that were under treatment and 36.6% of control group, suffered from backache. Chi-square test showed significant differences between two groups. In addition Odd ratio of treatment population was 2(CI%95 = 4/04-1/91 & p<0/05). The result showed simple exercises during pregnancy period can not eliminate backache, but it can decrease delay backach.