فهرست مطالب turaj hashemi

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the cognitive-emotional theory of mind on improving hot and cold empathy in children who have been victims of child abuse. In line with this goal, 2 child victims of emotional abuse were purposefully selected in the form of a single-subject experimental design with a single baseline. According to the research design, in the baseline stage, the subjects' cold and hot empathy status were measured using the Dads et al questionnaire. Then, in the intervention phase, the skills of psycho-emotional theory were implemented during twelve sessions based on Hall et al model. In this regard, during the fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth and twelfth sessions, the subjects' cold and hot empathy were measured. For data analysis, the ocular and graph analysis methods were used and the percentage of effect size and improvement was calculated. Data analysis indicated that teaching the skills of the emotional-cognitive theory of mind is clinically effective in improving the hot and cold empathy of child victims of emotional abuse. These findings have practical implications in the clinical field and indicate that the promotion and improvement of the theory of mind protects children from the harms caused by emotional abuse.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Training (CT) and Mind- Body Therapy (MBT) on different types of attention in children with attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. 30 children were selected with aged 7-12 years who were diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder according to DSM-5 criteria from counseling and psychotherapy centers in Tabriz in 2019- 2020, and were randomly divided into two experimental groups. Demographic information questionnaire, Raven IQ test for children, CSI-4, IVA test, Captain’s Log cognitive training program, and Mind-Body Therapy training package were the tools of this study.IVA test was performed as a pre-test after sample selection and random placement of individuals in experimental groups. Each group received intervention methods separately and then performed a post-test (IVA) to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention methods. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results of statistical analysis showed that the two educational-therapeutic methods have different and significant effects on the improvement of different types of attention (except alternating attention) because the calculated F (7.37) is significant at the level of P≥ 0/05. Analyzes showed that the difference between the two educational-therapeutic methods is able to explain 76% of the variance of the dependent variable (E2 = 0.76) with full power (0.99).

A recent study was conducted to investigate the effects of mindfulness on time perception using a group experimental method.

143 undergraduate students with random control variables, age 18-24 years, minimum diploma, no history of mindfulness exercises, with normal or modified vision to normal (according to the subject) and right-handed were randomly selected and then filling the Freiburg questionnaire. 87 females with a mean age of 19.2 who were moderate in terms of mindfulness ability, subjects whose scores were between (-1Z - + 1Z), were led to the next stage.The number of participants with primary control variables was 87 females with a mean age of 19.2. Of these, 17 did not have the necessary cooperation to continue the research process, and canceled their interviews. The remaining 70 people were invited for structured clinical interviews for DSM-5 (SCID-5-CV) disorders. If there were no major psychiatric disorders, neurological disorders and other systemic diseases, the subjects were selected from the student population. There were 31 of them and 16 people were randomly divided into experimental and 15 control groups.The experimental group listened to a 13-minute mindfulness audio file session and practiced it. A neutral audio file was presented to the control group. The temporal bisection task was presented before and after the implementation of the independent variable and its findings were recorded. Then, with ANCOVA MANCOVA method, we examined the significant difference between the two groups in terms of the percentage of long responses in different conditions of temporal bisection task, Bisection point (Bp) measure, and the measure of the behavioral variable of reaction time.
The temporal bisection task was designed by the researcher to assess the time perception and processing the temporal information of the tests. In this task, subjects are asked to compare the visual temporal stimuli presented with the two reference stimuli "short" and "long" that they memorized. In this task, stimuli with duration (400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600 milliseconds) are presented randomly. These stimuli are presented as a block of 126 trails including 18 trails from each stimulus. the subject is asked to classify the presented temporal stimuli into two categories: "short" and "long".

The experimental group scored significantly lower in Bp measure than the control group. The bisection point in time is the period of time in which the percentage of long responses is equal to 50% of the cases, calculated for each subject at each stage. Also, the percentage of Plongs in this group increased significantly compared to the control group, this significant difference was observed especially in condition 5 in the experimental group. Long responses are the ratio of the long responses that the subject gives to the stimuli presented or at different time intervals. Which indicates an overestimation of time following the effect of mindfulness training. In this study, the measure of the behavioral variable of reaction time, which is a behavioral indicator of improving the decision-making process, was also measured. Reaction time is the time between the presentation of the visual stimulus to the time of the subjectschr('39') response to each of the visual stimuli, statistical analysis of the comparison of this index in different test conditions and in the two groups no significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups.

The results of this study were analyzed based on the hypothesis that mindfulness overestimates time by decreasing the level of arousal and increasing the sources of attention to internal stimuli. To investigate the effect of mindfulness in the decision-making process, it seems that evaluation and spectral analysis of brain wave changes Behavioral responses are essential.Ethical consent form approved by Tabriz University was taken from all subjects and the form was sent to the appendix. The Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology of Tabriz University does not currently provide an ethical code-based identifier for research.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of motor-based cognitive rehabilitation on improvement of executive functions of children with ADHD. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design which was done on 15 ADHD children with age of 6-12 years old in Tabriz city using a purposeful sampling method. N-Back test was used to assess the working memory. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was used to assess the cognitive flexibility. Continuous performance test was used to assess sustained attention. Stroop test was used to assess response inhibition. Simple Reaction time test was used to assess Reaction time. Data were analyzed with repeated mixing covariance analysis and using SPSS.ver20.The result of the study showed that motor control cognitive rehabilitation was effective in improving executive functions (p < 0.01). These findings have further implications in the clinical interventions which have been thoroughly discussed.

Generalized joint hypermobility is defined as a physiologic increase in the joint range of motion which is affected by various factors such as physical activity level and socioeconomic status. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between generalized joint hypermobility with physical activity level and socioeconomic status in Iranian school students.

In this study 782 school students (age ranged:7-18years) were allocated based on the cluster sampling method. The generalized joint hypermobility was determined according to the Beighton criteria. The level of physical activity and socioeconomic status were determined using questionnaires. Correspondingly, the participants answered a questionnaire concerning gym sport, sports in general and musical activity.

There was a significant correlation between the physical activity level and the Beighton score (P<0.01), but there was no significant correlation between Beighton score and the socioeconomic status (P >0.05). None of them were predictive of generalized joint hypermobility. There were significant and direct correlations between Beighton score and participation in the gym sports (P<0.05). Musical activity was reversely correlated with Beighton score (P<0.05).

According to the results, there was no relationship between the generalized joint hypermobility with the socio-economic status in the study population in Iran. However, the generalized joint hypermobility was increased with increasing in the physical activity level. Because of the relationship between the generalized joint hypermobility with participation in gym sports and musical activity, it is recommended to examine the role of these factors on the generalized joint hypermobility in school students in details.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of blended instruction on learning output (knowledge, skill & attitude) in the Quranic activities in Education office of district 2 of Tehran. Participants included 1200 male junior high school in the academic year of 2014-2015 in Tehran. Experimental and control groups were given the pretest and then, during 13 sessions experimental group trained blended instruction method ,next the post test was given to both groups. Both groups were organized by their school counselor were homogenized in accordance with their junior high school results. Three instrumentswere applied in this study: Raven Test for Intelligence variable control, Academic Achievement Questionnaire in Quranic activities made by the teacher, and Attitude Assessment towards Quran made by the researcher. To analyze the data and responding to the research hypotheses (research questions) descriptive and inferential statistics (mean and SD), multi covariance analysis of (MANCOVA) was utilized. The findings showed that there was a meaningful difference between the medium of the posttest of the learning output after the elimination of pretest effect. It means that the blended instruction improved the students learning output in the experimental group. Therefore, we can conclude that the blended instruction in learning output was of great help to the improvement of the learning of students in their Quranic activities.

Multiple sclerosis is one of the most prevalent disorders of the central nervous system. The efforts to identify different factors concerning quality of life in chronic patients, have been increased in recent years. These efforts have been made trying to answer the question of which personality or personal factors affect the amount of suffering or the quality of life in chronic physical patients and if having some special kind of personality characteristics or special kind of vision to disease leads to prediction of quality of life in these patients? So the aim of this study was to investigate the role of illness perception and type D personality in predicting quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients. For this purpose 79 participants were chosen among the members of Tabriz MS Association by using convenience sampling method and were evaluated in illness perception, personality type and quality of life. The results of correlation coefficient and regression analysis indicates that illness perception and type D personality variables significantly predict 59% of variance of quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients. So it can be concluded that illness perception and type D personality variables have a significant role in predicting quality of life in people suffering from multiple sclerosis.

Recent studies show that six dysfunctional belifs have important role in tendesy to obsessive-compulsive disorder. As a result، the aim of present study is to investigate the role of obsessive beliefs (dysfunctional beliefs) in predicting washing obsessive compulsions. 390 undergraduate university students from Tabriz university were selected by cluster sampling. Next، Maudsley obsessive-compulsive questionnaire and obsessive beliefs questionnaire (OBQ-44) were used to collect data. Then، Pearson correlation and step by step multiple regression were used for data analysis. Findings showed that dysfunctional beliefs on need for certainty، Importance of thoughts and threat estimation، thought control and perfectionism could significantly predict washing obsessive-compulsive tendency (p<0. 01). Among these factors، the need for certainty had more important role in prediction model 33%، dysfunctional belief of perfectionism predicted 5%، either of importance of the thoughts and threat estimation 2%، and thoughts control could say 1% of washing obsessive-compulsive tendency. Conclution: Obsessive beliefs can predict OCD. Then in treatment of illness it is needed to modify them.