فهرست مطالب zahra aryakian

In this paper, using the descriptive-analytical method and the method of documentary collection, it is attempted to delineate the underdeveloped Iran in the Qajar era with respect to the role of government policy and characteristics from the viewpoint of Myrdal. How can Iran's underdevelopment in the Qajar era be explained by the role and peculiarities of the soft government from Myrdal's point of view?Findings indicate that the Iranian society in the Qajar era, which coincided with industrial development in the West, was increasingly exposed to the outside and the aforementioned developments, while at the same time having many problems within it, most notably Referring to the arbitrary rule of kings, the failure to enforce the rule of law in the country, the disobedience of powerful community groups including the Qajar dynasty, landlord aristocrats, tribal elders and merchants of existing laws and regulations, as well as widespread bureaucratic corruption. The soft government of Myrdal is in the political structure of Iran, which led to the Qajar era Lack the ability to enforce law, control internal affairs, and compel various groups to enforce state laws and regulations, as well as to take serious action to root out corruption at various levels and thus impede the development and implementation of modernization programs in the country. Let this era be created.

In this article, by using the descriptive-analytical method and the method of collecting documents, an attempt is made to answer the basic question of how the underdevelopment of Iran during the reign of Nasreddin Shah Qajar, according to the indicators of soft government from the perspective of the Qajar period. Mirdal can be explained? The findings indicate that the Iranian society in the era of Nasser al-Din Shah, which coincided with industrial development in the West, was increasingly facing the outside and the mentioned developments, and at the same time, had many problems inside, the most important of which We can mention the lack of social discipline, the lack of law enforcement in the country, the disobedience of powerful groups in society, including the Qajar dynasty, landed aristocrats, khans and tribal chiefs, and the merchant class from laws and regulations, as well as widespread corruption. Due to the fact that the government in the years 1227 to 1275 A.H. was not able to enact the same law, control the internal situation and compel powerful groups to implement official laws and regulations, as well as take serious action to eliminate corruption, and therefore could not develop In Iran like Western countries.