zahra behzadi

Drought is a mysterious phenomenon whose effects, unlike earthquakes and floods, are not sudden and cover wide areas. Understanding this phenomenon can increase the resilience of human societies and reduce its consequences. Otherwise, drought leads to imbalance and anomaly in social and ecological systems. In this research, Fars province (9 selected stations) has been selected to investigate the drought during a statistical period of 28 years (1994-2021), and the SPI and PNPI indices and the NDVI index have been used to verify the validity of these indices and the consequences of drought. The results showed that climatic droughts continued during this period with the difference that the index (SPI) shows the severity of drought better and emphasizes minimum ranges, and the PNPI index displays the maximum ranges while providing a better classification of drought severity. According to the results, the severity of droughts is inclined from the south to the northern parts of the region. The results of the vegetation cover index showed that there are many changes in the density and extent of vegetation cover during the period of about 30 years, which confirms the evaluation of the drought indicators in this research.

Flax is a herbaceous plant with the scientific name of Linum usitatissimum L. The origin of this plant is reported to be the western Mediterranean. Flax is one of the most important oily and medicinal plants with wide compatibility and multiple uses. Waterlogging stress is one of the abiotic stresses that has received little attention despite the fact that it causes a lot of damage to the crop.

In this study, 100 flax cultivars were studied. The mentioned cultivars were planted in a greenhouse as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design to investigate genetic diversity and select the best cultivars in terms of yield and other morphological traits. First, flax seeds were planted in drainage pots containing field soil and aerated sand in a ratio of 2:1. Soil-related measurements including field capacity (FC) and soil electrical conductivity (EC) were performed. Waterlogging stress was applied in four-leaf stage. For two weeks, the pots that were in normal condition were irrigated according to the field capacity of the soil and the pots that were under stress were irrigated more than the field capacity of the soil. The main purpose of this study was to identify Waterlogging-resistant flax genotypes using all indices simultaneously and also to identify high-yield genotypes under Waterlogging stress and non-stress conditions. MP, STI, GMP, YI, DRI, YSI, SSI, TOL and β indices were calculated and finally tolerant and sensitive genotypes were identified by stress tolerance score (STS) index. STS equation for the raw data is not accurate. All indices in STS equation were standardized according to equation 10. All calculations were performed using SPSS software version 22 and Excel.

There was a significant correlation between Ys and Yp. TOL, STI, MP and GMP indices with positive and significant correlation with performance under normal conditions and STI, MP, GMP, YI and DRI with performance under normal conditions. Dendrogram was drawn based on stress tolerance score. Flax genotypes were divided into 4 groups: resistant, semi-resistant, semi-susceptible and susceptible. Analysis of variance was performed to determine the accuracy of grouping between groups and there was a significant difference between the groups. According to the stress tolerance score index, genotypes 364, 352, 286, 370 and 172 were identified as waterlogging tolerant genotypes in this study and genotypes 263, 269, 295, 325 and 108 were the most sensitive genotypes. According to the stress tolerance score index, genotypes 364, 352, 286, 370 and 172 were submerged as stress tolerant genotypes. These genotypes are predicted to be used as donors of waterlogging tolerance genes. Research findings also indicate that tolerant genotypes ultimately lead to higher production and yields than other genotypes in conditions of heavy rainfall and prolonged waterlogging. These genotypes can also be used in breeding programs based on hybridization and identification of QTLs associated with waterlogging tolerance.

They were overwhelmed by tension. According to the stress tolerance score, genotypes 364, 352, 286, 370 and 172 were identified as flood tolerant genotypes in this study and genotypes 263, 269, 295, 325 and 108 were the most sensitive genotypes.

The purpose of this research is to analyse the drought situation of Kerman city using standardized precipitation drought indices , normal precipitation percentage and Palmer drought intensity and the relationship between these indices with the vegetation of the region. For this purpose, 30yeard of temperature and precipitation data (1988-2017) were obtained from the Iran Meteorological website to determine the value of (SPI) and (PNPI). In order to check the severity of drought, SPDI index was used. In addition, the map and diagram of the vegetation trend were prepared using GIS software and Google Earth Engine. The results showed that the SPI index of Kerman was mostly around the axis of -1 to +1, which represents a mild drought, and the PNPI of Kerman recognized most of the years as normal with 43%, and the Palmer index also showed that the years (2008-2004) 2010) have experienced a very severe drought with an intensity of about 4.8. Finally, the NDVI index showed that the maps obtained from satellite images show a decrease in vegetation of about 15 km, and according to the time series chart of 2008 and 2012, they had the lowest vegetation cover with an area of about 3 to 4 km. Therefore, due to the fact that the drought indicators examined in this study show the increasing trend of the intensity and duration of the drought and the vegetation map of the region has seen a decrease in area and the NDVI trend has been decreasing,

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) from the Linum genus and Linaceae family is one of the oldest oil products in the world. A natural population with sufficient genetic diversity is necessary to select the desired phenotypic traits, so the study of genetic diversity and the correct selection of essential tools is the main breed of plant. Agriculture faces many challenges, including human population growth, climate change, land degradation, malnutrition, poverty, hunger and other stressors. Overcoming these difficult challenges will be more difficult in the absence of plant genetic improvement to increase agricultural productivity by addressing the problem of reduced yields and its relationship to pest management and climate change. However, agriculture must change to meet the growing demand of the global population by shifting agricultural growth to the effective development of modern agriculture. In this regard, the study of the diversity of existing populations is of great importance.

100 new imported flax genotypes in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research farm of ORDC (Oilseeds Research and Development Company) in the 96-97 crop year, morphological traits, yield and yield components were studied.

The results showed that the studied genotypes collected from different geographical areas had a good diversity for all studied traits. Plant yield among the studied traits had the highest correlation with capsule weight per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of sub-stems, number of seeds per plant and biological yield in a positive direction. The factor analysis results showed that 4 of the factors together explain 80% of the data changes. According to the type of traits, these factors were listed under the headings of yield and yield components, traits related to grain, ripeness and number of grains. The cluster analysis results for all traits evaluated them into four groups and showed that the classification of genotypes was not related to the geographical distribution of genotypes, and most genotypes were grouped based on morphological differences.

High genetic diversity among genotypes has provided the valuable genetic potential for the genetic improvement of flax. Considering that the study population is a collection of genotypes from different parts of the world with different appearance characteristics, it is a diverse and valuable population for breeding studies to create cultivars adapted to the climatic conditions and environmental changes of our country. Plant yield among the studied traits had the highest correlation with capsule weight per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of sub-stems, number of seeds per plant and biological yield in a positive direction. It can be concluded that genotypes with higher capsule weight per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of sub-stems, number of seeds per plant and higher biological yield have higher yields. This also indicates that these genotypes were able to maximize resource utilization and thus produce more capsule weight per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of sub-stems, number of seeds per plant and more biological yield. Genotypes 132, 108, 179 and 275 have good potential in terms of grain yield and can be used in future breeding programs.

This study analyzes Mullah Sadra's critiques and innovations and among Islamic philosophers finds his thoughts and attitudes close to the concept of Derrida's "deconstruction "more than anyone else. Accordingly, article introduces Mulla sadra as a dissident and unhappy thoughtful philosopher with radical questioning style that although many do not consider him as a political thinker- Because he has not entered the political sphere-but according to harsh criticism towards Himself contemporary superficials Sufis and with Drawing Transcendental Wisdom, we can put him among Political theorists and philosophers. Mulla sadra propound Innovative topics in Mystical and philosophical sphere like existence, Substantial Motion and Bodily resurrection that seems representing such plans and reveling Adversity of Safavid government. His critique pushed him forward to find a deconstructionist language. In this regard, criticism, exposing contradictions and otherness that is the main factor of “deconstructing”, will be examined in Mullah Sadras Platform. The findings indicate that there are comunalities between Sadra and Derrida. However, we face the fact that in some of issues these two chracters are different from one another. Derrida’s ideology on phenomenology focuses only on human throwness to being in the present world; however, Mullah Sadras emphasizes on the significance of ecology and does not believe that death is the end of Heidegger’s Dasein and Derrida’s subject. Mullah Sadra’s Hermeneutic meaning attempts to determine the author’s intention based on the capacity, While from Derrida’s deconstructionist view, author death is of utmost importance. Derrida’s deconstructionist view contains continuously renewed pessimism toward things affirmed and approved. In contrary, Mullah Sadra believes in illustrative seeking perfection and aggravation in his total deconstructionism. That is, human ignorance is obviating the vitiations specific to his time in this condition.

I n recent years, the so-called Rebound effects that stem from energy efficiency gains have been of increasing interest in the economic literature. This effect happens when improvements in energy efficiency stimulate energy demand rather than decrease it. In the recent paper using Social Accounting Matrix data on the economy of Iran, the previous research has been extended on this field by evaluating the rebound effects on urban and rural household’s sectors. In order to measure the degree of the rebound effect, the CGE model of Iran with household sectors was used and the simulation study, assuming an exogenous energy improvement was conducted. Based on the results of the empirical analysis in this work, the highest size of the rebound effect corresponding to the urban household’s sector was found to be approximately 6/2 when oil and natural gas energy efficiency improves by 5%. Of course, except for electricity, in the rest of the cases there is a back fire. Moreover, in the rural households, the highest size of the return effect is 2/06 and belongs to the distributed gas energy. Therefore, the energy conservation policy promoted by the Iranian government may be unable to attain the desired goal.

Lumbar Discopathy is a common and costly disease and the leading cause of physical disability and psychological distress. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of obsessive beliefs in Lumbar Discopathy patients with healthy peoples.
This is a causal-comparative study. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 100 participants, namely, 50 patients with Lumbar Discopathy and 50 healthy. The research instruments were demographic questionnaires and Obsessive beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44). Independent sample t-test was used to analyze the data.
The results showed that 86% of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients had obsessive beliefs as follows: 98% had obsessive beliefs in the field of "Perfection and certainty"; 90% in the subscale of "responsibility and risk assessment and threat"; 52% in the field of "the importance and thought control"; 40% in the field of "common factor" and 8% in the subscale of “perfectionism”. Comparison between the two groups showed significant differences in "obsessive beliefs (total)" (p It can be concluded that patients suffering from Lumbar Discopathy are more prone to obsessive beliefs. Therefore, psychological treatment is suggested for such patients.

There is a controversial evidence about adiponectin role in cardiovascular diseases and visfatin role has been suggested in pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. A total of 378 postmenopausal women were randomly selected from 13 clusters in Bushehr Port. The prevalence of ischemic heart disease was assessed by using the Minnesota Code with a 12-lead resting electrocardiogram (EKG). Serum adiponectin and visfatin levels were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay A total of 159 patients (41.8 percent) were suffering from ischemic heart disease. There was no significant difference between women with ischemic heart disease and healthy postmenopausal women in adiponectin serum level. However, diabetic women with ischemic heart disease, compared with healthy postmenopausal women had a higher level of visfatin (Geometric Mean: 3.05±1.84 ng/ml versus 2.52±1.90 ng/ml, respectively; p=0.023). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that higher serum levels of visfatin were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of ischemic heart disease after adjusting for potential confounders, including classical cardiovascular risk factors and circulating hs-CRP levels [odds ratio=3.26, confidence interval (1.14-9.68), p=0.027]. Adiponectin was not correlated with ischemic heart disease among postmenopausal women. But visfatin serum level correlated with ischemic heart disease in postmenopausal non-diabetic women independently from cardiovascular risk factors.

Rheumatoid arthritis is the most prevalent inflammatory disease of the joints in addition to physical disability, psychological distress is frequently seen in these patients; The aim of this study was to prevalence of Obsessive beliefs in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients and compared with healthy peoples. In a causal-comparative study, 100 persons (50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 50 healthy peoples were selected using convenience sampling method and Demographic questionnaires and Obsessive beliefs (OBQ-44) completed. Data using descriptive statistics and statistical analysis Independent T-test were analyzed.The results showed that 92% of RA patients were eligible and obsessive beliefs and about the components of obsessive beliefs 88% in the field of "Perfection and certainty", 84% in the field of "responsibility and risk assessment and threat", 50% in the field of "the importance and thought control", 42% in the field of "common factor" and 8% in the field of "completing the" obsessive beliefs were eligible. Compare the two groups showed that in the field of "obsessive beliefs (total)", "Perfection and certainty", "sense of responsibility and threat assessment" and "common cause" significant differences, but on "the importance of thought control" and "Full perform the" difference was not significant.

The study examines the relationship between the size of firms and their growth in Iranian food and beverages industries. The study utilizes Iranian industrial data, classified on the base of ISIC with 4-digit code. The study evaluates the validity of Gibrat's Law in the selected firms. The validity of the law has been examined by two methods. First, the panel analysis is applied and second, the existence of lognormal distribution of firm size has been tested. The results do not confirm the validity of the Law and indicate the fact that firm size is not log-normally distributed. The results show negative impact of firm size on the growth.

This study investigates the correlation between journal self–citation and impact factor of journals in the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) indexed in the journal citation reports (JCR) of Web of Science (WoS) during 2006 to 2008.

Citation analysis is used to conduct the research. It studies the LIS journals indexed by Thomson Reuter's database during years 2006 to 2008.

The results indicate a significant correlation between impact factor and journal self-citation in the level of 0.001 in LIS from 2006 to 2008. This means that with increasing self-citation, the impact factor of journals has also increased. The relation between the number of articles and impact factor in the three years showed several results; for example, in 2006 and 2008, this relationship is very weak. This reflects the influence of impact factor in the number of articles. Findings also show that synchronous self-citation rate has ascending process but diachronous self-citation has a descending process.

Self-citation is a natural phenomenon, but this factor affects the impact factor and thus the real stand of scientific journals. Hence, its role should be cautiously considered in the future evaluations.

This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating Iran’s scientific populations in the field of library and information science during 1994-2009. Citation analysis was used. The population under study included all documents (paper, report, critical paper, etc.) presented by Iranian researchers in the field of library and information science which have indexed in “Web of Science” website during 1994-2009. In order to search for these documents in this database, initially all journals related to LIS which are indexed in the JCR unit of the “Web of Science” website were identified (61 journals). Then, Iran’s scientific publications in these 61 LIS journals were investigated. Besides, annual growth of Iran’s publications was calculated based on exponential regression. According to R2 value related to annual growth of scientific publications, Iran’s rate of scientific growth during the mentioned 16 years has been significant (P<0.05). The results indicated that Iran has gained a 33% growth rate during the years under study. Investigation of the document types showed that the Iran’s 96 records were presented in four different formats and only in English, and the highest populated format was “paper”. Furthermore, evaluation of the journals’ impact factor revealed that Iranian researchers have published their papers more in journals with low impact factors. The highest impact factor belonged to the “Journal of Informatics”, in which only two papers from Iran were published. Also, the clusters in the historiography mapping based on LCS and GCS are depicted, as well as the top researchers in this field. The results showed that the geographical location, speaking with the same language, and working on the same topic are effective on the number of citations at global and local levels.Originality: It is an effort to study the scientific publications of Iran in the field of LIS, so as to provide an insight for policy-makers and research managers.