zahra dayani nardashti

Consultation in the religion of Islam and the biography of the Imams (as) is of special importance. The Holy Qur'an advises Muslims to consult in personal, family and social affairs, and considers consulting as one of the prominent characteristics of Muslims, and warns them against the tyranny of opinion. In this article, the dimensions of consultation in the Qur'an and the narrations of the Infallibles (AS) from the point of view of contemporary commentators of the two sects (Rashid Reza in Al-Manar and Sayyid Qutb in Fi Zelal Al-Quran from contemporary Sunni commentators and Allameh Tabatabai in Al-Mizan It is studied by descriptive-analytical and comparative methods and deals with the position of consultation in Islam and examines the narrations forbidding consultation with women. In this regard, it has been concluded that from both points of view in Islam, consultation with women, like men, is approved if they have the opinion, experience and piety in the matters being consulted, and the narrations forbidding consultation are not absolute and special cases And the order to consult does not include items that have a text and ruling in the Qur'an.

Economic activity and employment of women in various position, which is one of the issues in today’s Islamic society, while it can be useful and effective, however it is disputed by some religious scholars and is the contemporary commentators of the sects. This study, while reporting the interpretive views of sayyid qutb from Sunni commentators and Allameh Tabatabai in Al-Mizan from Shiite commentators in the contemporary period, will pay. He compares their views on the issue of women's employment from the perspective of the Qur'an with a descriptive, analytical, comparative method, in line with this research, it was concluded that both views of granting women financial rights and independence over property are considered as progressive laws of Islam; But seyyed Qutb according to verse (Al-Ahzab/33) believes that women should be in their homes and should not diminish their main role in the home and any activity in the home environment and outside that causes the violation of the husband's rights is not permissible and with the employment of women according to verse (Al-Nisa/34) due to having the right to alimony and responsibility of wife and mother, except in necessary cases( incapacity or unemployment of spouse and livelihood assistant) and without interference disagrees with responsibilities. While Ayatollah Javadi Amoly he Shiite commentator considers their employment necessary in case of non-interference with the responsibility of wife and mother and in compliance without hindrance and in women's affairs (medicione,education and sercices) is considered necessary due to not referring to non-mahrams.