فهرست مطالب zahra ghazanfari

The selection of nesting habitat of Galerida cristata was studied in an area of 8000 hectares of the hunting ban area of Ghareh Tabpeh and wildlife shelter of Borooeyeh in Herat region of Yazd Province in the spring of 2014. Habitat variables such as the number of plant species; soil texture; distance of the nests to the nearest water source, farm, and road were measured at the presence points of this species and compared with its absence (randomly).The results showed that the average number of Zygophyllum atriplicoides plant species, Artemisia sp , and soil percentage with a rather soft soil texture were meaningfully higher than that of the control areas (P<0.05) in the presence areas. The most important factors influencing the selection of the nesting points by this bird is the number of Z. atriplicoides plant species and type of the soil texture. With regard to the fact that this species builds its nest on the ground, the Z. atriplicoides and Artemisia sp species prepare the required camouflage for its nest and chicks; these plants also protect the nest against the sun radiation or possible storms in the region. The establishment of nests in an area with soft soil texture causes the collapse of the nest. Therefore, this bird meaningfully selects locations with harder soil texture for its nesting (P<0.05). Some of these nets are observed in Alfa alfa farms. It seems that this location has been chosen for more nesting camouflage; furthermore, the insects present in the farm are a good source of food for the chicks of this bird.

Neglecting self-care behaviors is considered an important factor contributing to mortality among diabetic patients. According to Bandura’s Social-Cognitive Theory, there is a close relationship between individual performance and self-efficacy. Moreover, access to health-related information or health literacy can affect health status.
Aim: To investigate the relationship between health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors in diabetic patients.
This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 400 patients with diabetes referred to a diabetes clinic during 2015. The participants were selected through convenience sampling. The data collection tools included Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults, Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities. To analyze the data, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were run in SPSS, version 19.
The mean age of the participants was 55.1±10.1 years and 74.75% of them were male. The mean scores of self-care behaviors, health literacy, and self-efficacy were 61.94±14.35, 63.6±20.7, and 146.3±22.9, respectively. Moreover, the results of Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a significant direct correlation between health literacy and self-efficacy (P=0.03, r=0.1), as well as health literacy and self-care behaviors (P=0.04, r=0.1). Furthermore, self-efficacy had a significant direct correlation with self-care behaviors (PImplications for Practice: Health literacy and self-efficacy can affect self-care behaviors in diabetic patients; thus, nurses are recommended to develop and implement simple educational interventions to enhance self-efficacy and health literacy, and in turn, promote self-care behaviors.

Multiple sclerosis is one the most common diseases of the central nervous system. Fatigue and depression are common symptoms of the disorder. The identification of the factors associated with fatigue can help to solve this problem and subsequently, reduce the problems of these patients.
This study aimed to determine the predictor role of depression in patients with multiple sclerosis fatigue.
This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. The study was carried out in the special diseases centre of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. In this study, 170 patients with multiple sclerosis were enrolled, by using available sampling in 2014. In order to collect the data, three demographic questionnaires, the Fatigue Severity questionnaire (FSS = Fatigue Severity Scale) and Zung Depression were used. The validity and reliability of the instruments had been confirmed in Iran. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistics (chi-square regression multivariate logistic).
In the study, 75.3% of participants were women and 24.7% were men. Of them, 70% were married and 21.8% were single. Additionally, the results of this study showed that 65.3% of the participants complained of fatigue and 51.8% had depression. The results of the regression showed that the risk of fatigue in people who suffer from depression is 2.75 times than those who do not have depression (p The results of this study revealed that depression can predict the onset of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. It is necessary to reduce and control the symptoms of depression, which is a symptom of multiple sclerosis. Accordingly, fatigue as a common symptom in patients can be reduced, resulting in a higher quality of life in this chronic disease.

Patients’ assessment is fundamental to nursing practice and the more precise assessment nurses can perform, the better outcomes patients can achieve. Better practice requires suitable knowledge, skills and attitude regarding the importance of physical assessment. This study aimed to determine correlation between knowledge-skill and the importance of physical assessment in nurses employed in hospitals.
Methods & Materials: In this descriptive correlational study, 300 nurses employed in the medical, surgical, ICU and CCU wards of hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of medical sciences, were chosen conveniently in 2016. The data collecting instrument included demographic data, knowledge-skill and the importance of physical assessment items. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 19 using correlation coefficient test, linear regression and ANOVA.
The mean score of knowledge-skill was 3.14(±0.74) and the median (mode) score of importance was 4(0.52). There was a significant and positive correlation between knowledge-skill and the importance of physical assessment. The nurses had higher knowledge-skill scores for those skills that they had considered more important. The most effective variable on the correlation between knowledge-skill and importance was education.
Nurses’ self-assessment of their skills in performing physical assessment was at a low level but they considered all skills important. Effective educational programs can fulfill the nurses’ needs for physical assessment skills.

Early diagnosis of diabetes is crucially important in reduction of the complications. Although HbA1c is an accurate marker for the prediction of complications, less information is available about its accuracy in diagnosis of diabetes. In this study, the association between HbA1c and FBS was assessed through a cross-sectional population-based study. A random sample of population in Kerman city was selected. The total number was 604 people. Their HbA1c and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were tested. The association between HbA1c and FBS and also their sensitivity, specificity and predictive values in detection of abnormal values of each other were determined. The association of HbA1c with FBS was relatively strong particularly in diabetic subjects. Generally, FBS was a more accurate predictor for HbA1c compared with HbA1c as a predictor of FBS. Although the optimum cutoff point of HbA1c was >6.15%, its precision was comparable with the conventional cutoff point of >6%. In conclusion, FBS sounds more reliable to separate diabetic from non-diabetic subjects than HbA1c. In case of being interested in using HbA1C in screening, the conventional cutoff points of 6% is an acceptable threshold for discrimination of diabetics from non-diabetics.

Documentation is among the most important practices in nursing, as studies indicate that this activity takes about 13% to 28% of total shift time. The aim of this study was determination of nurses’ knowledge and practice of the principles of nursing documentation at hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 2006.

In this descriptive analytical study, 226 staff nurses were selected based on census sampling method. Data were collected by a self-made instrument consisting of three sections. Instrument was used after obtaining validity and reliability. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis using SPSS. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

The finding showed that the majority of nurses (37.8%) working in Shafa hospital and majority of nurses had no history of spending the course of nursing documentation. also, the findings of this study revealed that majority of nurses had moderate knowledge (46.5%) and bad practice of documentation (85%) and there was statistically significant relationship between the type of hospital and knowledge and practice (P<0.0001) and spending course of nursing documentation and knowledge (P<0.0001). Results also revealed that there was a positive relationship between knowledge and practice (P<0.0001), but this relationship was not strong (r=0.24).

The results of this study suggest that spending course of nursing documentation may promote knowledge of nurses about the principles of documentation. The application of this knowledge in practice needs to be emphasized.