zahra mousavi

Wolfwalkers animated film reflects Ireland's imaginary and mythical atmosphere. This research explores the themes in the imaginations depicted in the Wolfwalkers animated film. Gilbert Doran's analytical approach, which focuses on theme and myth, has been used to analyze the fictional elements. This qualitative research is practical in its purpose and employs a descriptive-analytical method. Information has been collected from library sources. The aim is to provide conceptual guidance for producing imaginative animations based on indigenous culture. The findings indicate that the Wolfwalker character symbolizes contradictions and associations (human/wolf, sleep/awakening) within the dramatic structure of The Nocturnal Order Furthermore, Tomm Moore, the director, incorporates a reproduction of Celtic Christianity, blending theism with Irish polytheism within the night system structure. The hidden myth in this animated film references Jesus, and the circle and square forms play a significant role in expressing the film's themes. Thus, the oppositions of The Nocturnal Order against The Diurnal Order, Celtic magic against Christian divinity, nature against man, woman against man, and freedom against obedience are reflected in the contrasting forms of circle and square.

In this research, the deformation pattern of Alborz is investigated using a combination of data from the new permanent GPS networks that belong to State Organization for Registration of Deeds and Properties (SHAMIM) and Tehran Municipality (SAMT), the new temporary IASBS_NCC network and the permanent and temporary stations of the National Cartographic Organization. The addition of the 27 new GPS stations has improved the obtained velocity field, which shows that the active deformation happens across the entire width of Alborz from south to north by several faults and active fault zones. Contrary to the common belief about the strain partitioning in the Alborz Mountains between the strike-slip faults in the southern flank of the Alborz and along the compressional south-dipping Khazar fault in the northern flank of the Alborz, the new velocity field indicates a spread of strike-slip and compressional movements along different faults across the width of the Alborz. In previous works, due to the lack of GPS stations between the Khazar fault and other active faults in the northern flank of the Alborz (e.g. North Alborz fault), all the observed deformation in the northern flank of the Alborz has been associated with the Khazar fault. In the improved velocity field, the presence of a new GPS vector between the North Alborz and the Khazar fault in the eastern part of the Alborz indicates a dominant role of the North Alborz fault in the strain accommodation once compared to the Khazar fault. Like the previous works, the new velocity field shows a lower total strain for the western Alborz, which is consistent with the lower observed seismicity in the western Alborz. The new velocity field indicates an active extensional system in the western Alborz in a longitude range of 49o to 50.5o around the Tarom Valley. The extensional system might be related to the counterclock wise rotation of the South Caspian Basin relative to Eurasia. The improved velocity field shows a noticeable strike-slip motion of 2 mm/yr at the northern edge of Central Iran which could be related to the Aran-Torud fault zone and Attari fault. There is also a shortening rate of ~2 mm/yr between the northern edge of Central Iran and the Eastern Alborz which could be related to the salt tectonic within the Great Kavir fault. The improved velocity field shows a right-lateral strike-slip motion of ~1 mm/yr across the Indes and Kushk-Nosrat faults. Despite the observed large seismic activity and a geological slip rate of 2 mm/yr for the eastern part of the Mosha fault, both strike-slip and compressional slip rates along the Mosha fault are less than 1 mm/yr. Within a radius of ~50 km from the center of Tehran metropolitan area, there is no noticeable rate of strike-slip or compressional movement and the strain rate is around the error limit or less than 1 mm/yr. The low strain rate implies a very long earthquake return period for large earthquakes in Tehran metropolitan area.

Teucrium orientale is commonly used as an analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant, protecting the liver and digestive system, and treating type 2 diabetes. Evaluation of anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of ethanolic plant extract using animal models. The ethanolic extract was prepared using the maceration method from ground-dried aerial parts of the plant. Analgesic effects were determined by acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate test on mice. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using Carageenan and Cotton pellet tests on rats. In the writhing test, TOE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction in abdominal contractions. Inhibition percentages of abdominal contractions in test groups (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg), morphine and mefenamic acid were 87.40%, 91.80%, 98.29%, 94.40% and 96.89%, respectively, which indicate the visceral analgesic effects.In hot plate tests, the pain threshold significantly increased in test groups. Extract in the doses of 100mg/kg (P< 0.001), 200mg/kg (P< 0.0001) and 400mg/kg (P< 0.001) significantly reduced the paw edema in the carrageenan test at the second hour. In the cotton pellet test, the prescribed doses of the plant (100-200 mg/kg; P<0.0001) significantly reduced the formation of granuloma tissue and reduced the rate of edema. The percentage of inhibition of granuloma tissue by indomethacin and extract at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg were 39.19%, 66.75% and 75.49%, respectively, and the percentage of inhibition of exudates were 26.5%, 55.57% and 67.24%, respectively. These results clearly showed the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of Teucrium orientale extract in animal models.

 Lupus is a chronic systemic disorder with a complex etiology, and viral infections have contributed to its development and progression. Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) has been diagnosed in many patients with autoimmune disorders; however, its role in lupus has not been well investigated. The present study aimed to compare the frequency and viral load of HHV-8 in patients with lupus and healthy population.

In this cross-sectional study, 70 patients with lupus and 70 healthy individuals who were matched for gender and age were included. After the extraction of viral DNA, the HHV-8 viral load was measured using the Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, and the results were analyzed by SPSS software.

Patients with lupus consisted of 59 females (84.3%) and 11 males (15.7%) with a mean age of 31.1±8.4 years, and the control group consisted of 58 females (82.9%) and 12 males (17.1%) with a mean age of 33.5±11.2 years, none of them were positive for HHV-8 genome.

To date, there is no report in this field from Iran, and this study is the first survey. Regarding the high accuracy of the Real-time PCR technique and lack of HHV-8 genome in the blood samples of Iranian patients with lupus, it seems that none of the individuals, even in the case of viral infection, were infected with the active form of HHV-8, which is compatible with the previous studies.

15acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15ADON) is the most common chemotype of dioxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin, which cannot be controlled by common methods such as absorbents. Hence, enzyme-based methods are suggested for detoxification of these types of mycotoxins, which requires bioinformatics studies before laboratory investigations. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the binding energy of DEP-A and DEP-B enzymes with 15ADON through molecular docking. The three-dimensional structures of DEP-A and DEP-B proteins were predicted using the SWISS MODEL server. Then, the stability of these structures was evaluated in molecular dynamic conditions. For this purpose, the simulation was carried out with GROMACS software and then the RMSD curve of these two enzymes was drawn to check the stability of the predicted structure. H-DOCK online server was used to performed the interaction of DEP-A enzyme with 15ADON and DEP-B with Oxid15ADON intermediate. Checking the accuracy of the predicted structures by ERRAT Verify3D, Z-score and Ramachandran plots showed that the prediction of tertiary structures successfully performed. The RMSD curves showed that DEP-A and DEP-B were stabilized in 240 and 40 nanoseconds with 0.58 and 0.35 nm, respectively. The results of molecular docking also showed that both DEP-A and DEP-B enzymes could bind to their substrates with relatively strong binding energy -157.90 and -141.78, respectively. Overall, it can be concluded that both studied enzymes were able to bind to the 15ADON chemotype of DON in the appropriate position, which shows that these enzymes can be effective in deactivating this chemotype, although laboratory studies are needed to confirm the results

Previous research has demonstrated the antidepressant potential of Avena sativa; however; its mode of action is still unknown. Hence, the role of the monoaminergic system in the antidepressant-like activity of A. sativa was investigated by using the tail suspension test in the present study. The mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) received the hydroalcoholic extract of A. sativa (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) 30 min before the tail suspension test. The participation of the monoaminergic system in the antidepressant-like activity of A. sativa (200mg/kg) was assessed by administration of several receptor antagonists, 60 min before the administration of the extract in the test. Moreover, the effect of A. sativa on animals’ locomotion was examined by using open-field test. All doses of the A. sativa extract caused a significant antidepressant-like effect (p<0.001) in the tail suspension test, without any significant change in the mice locomotion in the open-field test (p>0.05). In addition, pre-treatment of the animals with sulpiride, haloperidol, SCH23390, p-chlorophenylalanine, ketanserin, WAY100135, reserpine, yohimbine, and prazosin abolished the antidepressant-like activity of A. sativa. Furthermore, the joint administration of sub-effective doses of A. sativa with fluoxetine and imipramine produced a synergistic antidepressant-like effect. Avena sativa induced an antidepressant-like effect in tail suspension test that is dependent on the monoaminergic system; however; clinical studies are required for showing the beneficial effects of the extract in humans.

Research shows that -Pinene interacts with the opioidergic system.

This study aims to examine the toxicity and the effects of -Pinene on morphine tolerance and dependence in mice.

Guidelines No. 423 and No. 407 were used to investigate acute and sub-chronic toxicity, respectively. For sub-chronic toxicity analysis, the animals were sacrificed on day 28, and blood and tissue samples were collected. After inducing morphine tolerance or dependence, in both phases, animals received i.p. vehicle, diazepam(5 mg/kg), and-Pinene (3.125, 6.25, and12.5 mg/kg). Withdrawal signs were recorded for 30 minutes.

Only the acute dose of -Pinene showed mortality in animals, but mild lesions were seen in the brain, liver, and kidneys in the mice receiving its subchronic dose. Moreover, ALT, AST, ALP, and TG levels increased (P < 0.05) in female mice. Besides, 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg (P < 0.001) of -Pinene and only its high dose (12.5 mg/kg) (P < 0.001) reduced the number of jumps in the tolerance and dependence phases, respectively. Diarrhea (P < 0.001), writhing (P < 0.001), rearing, and climbing (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) behaviors decreased in the tolerance phase, and grooming, climbing, and teeth chattering declined in the dependence phase (P < 0.001).

The LD50 of -Pinene was lower than 2000 mg/kg, but its subchronic dose caused mild tissue toxicities and biochemical changes. Moreover,-Pinene decreased morphine tolerance and dependence and possibly was useful for the treatment of opioid dependence after complimentary trials.

The Ghotor doublet earthquake happened on 23 Feb 2020 near Khoy and Salmas cities in west Azerbaijan province of Iran near Iran-Turkey border .The first large event with a magnitude of 5.8 Mww (USGS) happened at 5:52 UTC (9:23 AM local time) and followed by a second large event of magnitude 6.0 Mw (USGS) at 16:00 UTC. The second event inflicted most of the building damages. No surface rupture has been reported for the events. We estimated the areal extent of the surface displacement related to the 2020 Ghotor doublet earthquakes using three sets of C-band imagery from the European Space Agency Sentinel 1A and 1B satellites. Due to small ground displacement, we could not model the fault geometry of the first mainshock. The ascending and descending displacement maps of the second main shock are used to jointly invert the causative fault plane parameters. To obtain the source parameters, we first down-sampled the unwrapped LOS surface displacements by a quadtree algorithm and then inverted the unwrapped interferograms to infer the geometry of a single rectangular plane with uniform slip in a uniform elastic half-space. The fault geometry parameters are location (X, Y, and Depth), size (length and width), orientation (strike, dip, and rake), and uniform slip of the rupture plane. We assume the X, Y, and depth to correspond to the center of the top edge of the rupture plane. We used a nonlinear inversion method as implemented in the open-source software called Geodetic Bayesian Inversion Software (GBIS) released by Centre for Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Tectonics (COMET). We used Okada‘s (1985) displacement green functions to model the displacement field. The calculated optimal model illustrates a northeast-striking (N24°) left-lateral rupture plane dipping ~86° towards the west. Once the geometry of the fault plane with uniform slip was estimated, we expanded the rupture plane 20 km along-strike and 12 km along down-dip directions and divided it into 1291 individual patches to obtain the distributed slip on the rupture plane. Each patch has a fixed geometry according to optimal source parameters obtained from the nonlinear modeling, and the slip was allowed to vary freely on the fault plane. We used a modified version of the open-source software called FaultResampler 1.4 to apply the linear inversion for calculating slip distribution on the rupture plane. The coseismic rupture concentrates around a center depth of 3 km with a maximum slip of 97±8  cm. Assuming a rigidity modulus of 30 GPa, the geodetic moment is estimated to be 1.517E+18 Nm, equivalent to a moment magnitude of 6.05 Mw.

HER2-positive breast cancer is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer, accounting for approximately 30% of all diagnosed cases. These cases of cancer are associated with decreased survival, tumor invasion, and overall poor prognosis. Unfortunately, a large number of patients are resistant to conventional treatments. Various reports have shown that tamoxifen has a response rate of 10-15% in estrogen-negative and HER2-positive tumors. The use of natural chemical sensitizers in combination with chemotherapy drugs can provide promising help in cancer treatment by increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs.

In this study, the chemical sensitization effect of tannic acid with tamoxifen was investigated in SKBR3 cells using real time PCR and flowcytometry tests.

According to the obtained results, it was found that tamoxifen and tannic acid alone cannot significantly reduce the expression level of HER2, but their combination causes a significant decrease in the expression level of EGFR and HER2. Also, the results of flow cytometry showed that the combination of tannic acid with tamoxifen caused a significant increase in the percentage of apoptosis compared to the control group, tamoxifen and tannic acid alone.

In general, it can be concluded that tannic acid can act as a chemical sensitizing polyphenol in combination with tamoxifen and is a promising option for clinical use.

The potential field data like Gravity data, Magnetic data, Self-potential data, and other natural source data are accessible but hard to interpret and model. Numerous research presents ideas for modeling the potential data; however, they are mostly based on inverse or forward modeling needing a priori constraints and information. In complicated geology and tectonic setting, we do not have convenient access to a priori information to define the constraints. So, we must develop a pure geophysical interpretation method without geological constraints and minimum complexity. In this research, the Normalized Full Gradient’s ability to find the gravity anomaly model was studied. The Normalized Full Gradient method is an effective method for determining anomalous bodies, such as the distribution of oil and gas fields or structural boundaries. The Normalized Full Gradient method depends on the downward analytical continuation of normalized full gradient values of gravity data. Analytical continuation discriminates certain structural anomalies which cannot be distinguished in the observed gravity field. The Normalized Full Gradient of the gravity anomaly is often used rather than the gravity anomaly itself for detecting underground spaces because it is stable and indicates the locations of source bodies. The weakness of the Normalized Full Gradient is the 3D modeling limitation, as we can only calculate the 2D response in practice. On the other hand, the responses can not describe the negative and positive parts of the anomaly. But a unique advantage of the Normalized Full Gradient is, that it does not need the primary information for gravity data modeling. In this research, we used the Normalized Full Gradient for the large-scale Bouguer gravity anomaly interpretation. Bouguer gravity anomaly wavelengths contain information about density distributions of upper mantle and lithosphere structures. A gravity profile is most often a combination of relatively sharp anomalies that must be of shallow origin and very deep and large anomalies with a regional nature.The study profile has a 400 (km) length from SW to NE of North Western Iran, and Sahand, North Tabriz Fault, and Sabalan are the most important structures in the study area. The Normalized Full Gradient synthetic model data study provides the opportunity for the real data recovered model judgment. So, we first showed the Normalized Full Gradient recovered model of the synthetic data test and then based on the resolution of the Normalized Full Gradient used, it provides the lithospheric density of North Western Iran. The result shows the low-density mantle wedge which is probably is beneath the North Tabriz Fault that is responsible for the formation of distinct lithosphere conditions. So, the wedge can explain the complicated tectonic setting of North Western Iran. The mantle wedge has more than 50 (km) wide and more than 40 (km) depth. seemingly, this mantle wedge directly affects the North Tabriz Fault, Sahand, and Sabalan in the shallower depth. The sharpest effect is for the North Tabriz Fault in the shallower part of the mantle wedge and following the shape of the wedge, we can see a sharper effect on the Sabalan in comparison with Sahand.

The genus Carduus belongs to Asteraceae family and is used to treat different human diseases, like cold, stomachache, and rheumatism. The current research investigated acute and repeated dose toxicity of Carduus pycnocephalus extract in mice.

Acute and repeated-dose toxicity experiments were performed in female mice according to OECD 423 and 407 guidelines, respectively. Physical observations were made regularly and body weight was weekly measured. The organs weight, histopathology, and blood chemistry were then analyzed. Statistical analysis was done by the GraphPad Prism 8 software, and the results were presented as mean ± SEM. P values below 0.05 were considered significant.

No treatment-related mortalities were observed by oral administration of C.pycnocephalus extract up to the dose of 2000mg/kg. However, food consumption and water intake showed some variations in treated groups, and there were not any significant abnormalities related to treatment in treated groups in comparison to that in the control group in repeated-dose toxicity examination. Moreover, no significant alterations were noted in organ and body weight, food consumption, histopathology, and biochemical parameters in treated groups in comparison to the control group. Normal histological morphology was observed in all dose ranges and controls, except for the liver of high dose-treated samples which showed lymphocytic infiltrate and hepatocytes degeneration.

LD50 of C.pycnocephalus extract could be above 2000mg/kg in acute toxicity experiment. Furthermore, with sub-chronical administration of the extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg, liver tissue was slightly damaged.

 Nannorrhops ritchieana(N.ritchieana) is the sole species in the genus Nannorrhops in the palm family of Arecaceae. Regarding the use of N. ritchieana inflorescence (NER) in the folklore medicine of the south of Iran for relieving inflammation and pain in inflammation-based disorders, the current study assessed the anti-inflammatory features of N. Ritchieana inflorescence extract (NRE) in animal models.

 The carrageenan-induced paw edema method was used to evaluate theacute anti-inflammatory effects of the NRE extract (50,100, and 200mg/kg, IP). The standardand control groups received mefenamic acid and normal saline. Then, the rat’s paw tissues were removed and collected for studying tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) level. In addition, the cotton pellet-induced granuloma method was utilized to assess the chronic anti-inflammatory effects of the extract (100 and 200 mg/kg IP). Standard and control groups received indomethacin and saline. On the last day of the cotton pellet test, the rat’s serum was collected for interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) determination.

 In the carrageenan test, the extract significantly reduced the paw edema compared to the control (p<0.05). The extract’s anti-inflammatory activity (100 and 200 mg/kg) was the same as the mefenamic acid group. TNF-α levels demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects just at the dose of 200 mg/kg. In granuloma induced by cotton pellets, NRE was also effective based on the granuloma formation and the transudate amount. The anti-inflammatory activity of the inflorescence extract(100 and 200 mg/kg) was found to be the same as the indomethacin group, whereas IL-1β did not represent significant changes.

 According to the results, NRE had a considerable anti-inflammatory effect.

Several lines of research have shown that hepatic fibrosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Trans-chalcone is a flavonoid precursor with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was conducted to examine the antifibrotic properties of trans-chalcone on bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver cholestasis in rats.  Following the BDL operation, trans-chalcone at doses of 12, 24, and 50 mg/kg was administered orally once a day for 45 consecutive days. Serum levels of liver indices, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total and direct bilirubin, and lipid profile in addition to blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, were measured. Additionally, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were assessed in liver homogenates. Histopathological evaluations were performed using Masson trichrome (MT) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.  The elevated levels of liver enzymes, total and direct bilirubin, BUN, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) induced by BDL were significantly reduced following trans-chalcone administration; while serum level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) increased. Besides, treatment with trans-chalcone elevated the activities of CAT and SOD in the liver tissues of the animals with BDL surgery. According to MT and H&E staining, BDL-induced histopathological changes, including infiltration of inflammatory cells, hepatocyte necrosis, ductal hyperplasia, and collagen deposition were ameliorated using trans-chalcone administration.  It can be concluded from the present study that trans-chalcone, possibly by its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may exert hepatoprotective and antifibrotic effects in BDL-induced liver fibrosis. v

This study was conducted to evaluate antibacterial properties of Optocid acidifier against pathogenic bacteria, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood calcium and phosphorus concentrations, and intestinal histology of broiler chickens. In vitro coundition the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Optocid against pathogenic bacteria of poultry (Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens) were evaluated. In vivo stage, a total of 100 one-day-old male Ross-308 broiler chicks were allotted to a complete randomized design with 2 treatments, fed non-supplemented diet and fed diet containing 0.1% Optocid with 5 replications and 10 birds each. The results of MIC and MBC revealed that this product was effective against all three pathogenic bacteria. Dietary Optocid supplementation significantly decrease 10d live weight and daily feed intake in 2-10 day of age period. Dietary Optocid supplementation was not affect on growth performance traits in 11-23 day of age. During the finisher (24-42d) and the whole experimental (2-42d) periods the final live body weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, European production efficiency factor and economic performance improved as diet supplement by Optocid. Dietary Optocid supplementation increase protein digestibility, and intestinal villi height. It is concluded, dietary Optocid supplementation (0.1%) can be effective on growth performance, health and development of the digestive system in broiler chickens.

Fatigue is a complex phenomenon that is explained as difficulty starting or keeping voluntary physical or mental activity leading to negative impacts on life and work performance. This study aimed to investigate the anti-fatigue effects of Viola odorata L. in an animal model. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of V. odorata were prepared and total phenolics content was determined. Then, the anti-fatigue activity of the extracts was evaluated via a weight-loaded forced swimming test in the rat. To this end, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly classified into 6 groups. The control group using distilled water and other groups with ethanol (EVO; 50, 100, 200 mg/kg) and aqueous extracts of V. odorata (WVO; 50, 100mg/kg) were gavaged once daily for four weeks. Then, the forced swimming was conducted and swimming time, as a fatigue factor was measured. In addition, to validate the effect of V. odorata on the endurance capacity of the rats, biochemical factors including glucose (Glc), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were examined in the serum. Hepatotoxicity was also assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Our Data indicated that the forced swimming time of the EVO-100, EVO-200, and WVO-100 groups was significantly increased. The serum Glucose in the group which received EVO-200 was increased significantly, while serum LDH levels in all treated groups were significantly decreased. Also, the serum level of TNF-α in the groups which received EVO-100 or 200 was increased significantly. However, there was no considerable difference in serum TNF-α level and no hepatotoxicity within aqueous extract groups. Pathology results showed fewer effects of the aqueous extract rather than ethanol extract on the liver. The results provide evidence for the development and use of V. odorata aqueous extract as an anti-fatigue supplement.

Having cosmetic breast implants increases a woman's chance of suicide, which is now a global challenge. This systematic review evaluated the possible risk of suicide among women who undergo cosmetic breast implants.

This meta-analysis was done based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we systematically searched for all articles written in both English or Persian that estimated the prevalence of suicidal ideation in women who had cosmetic breast implants. We systematically searched different databases, including MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, Library ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar, from inception to March 2021. There was also a search for references. Suicidal ideation, a suicide plan, or suicide attempts were the outcomes. In order to determine the total pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation, we utilized a random-effects model. To examine the risks of bias in each study, we applied the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal method.

We identified 218 citations in our initial search. After omitting duplicated citations and excluding irrelevant studies according to the title and abstract selection, 42 studies were chosen for the full text analysis. Finally, 11 research, examining a total of 324,332 women were incorporated into the systematic review and critical appraisal assessment. Eight of these studies were found to be eligible for meta-analysis. The frequency of suicide in women with cosmetic breast implant was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1% to 0.4%; P < 0.001) (Q-value: 168.143, I2:95.83). Most of the included studies had moderate quality.

There might be a correlation between cosmetic breast implants and suicide risk, which could be stronger in the presence of a history of mental illnesses. The evidence about the possible effects of breast implants on the risk of suicide is still inconclusive, and there is a need for future well-designed studies on this topic.

So far, readabilityof disclosure concepts and the behavioral features of investors have not been addressed appropriatedly in Iran despite their importance and there is not even a suitable tool to measure it in the country. Therefore, it seems necessary to conduct research in Iran to introduce the concept of disclosure readability, its measurement and the impact of business strategy on the readabilityof disclosure of financial statements. Therefore, the current paper evaluated the effect of the type of business strategy on the readability of financial statements of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This is an applied causal (post-event) correlational paper. The statistical population of the study is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Using the systematic elimination sampling method, 129 companies were selected as the research sample and were surveyed in a period of 5 years from 2015 to 2019. EViews 9 and regression were used to test the research hypotheses. The results show that the type of business strategy affects the readability of financial statements of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.

Pycnocycla bashgardiana is used in Iranian traditional medicine for the relief and treatment of pain and inflammatory disorder. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of P.bashgardiana essential oil (PBEO).The anti-inflammatory effect of PBEO (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) were determined using carrageenan test in rat. The analgesic activity of PBEO (20, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) was studied by formalin test in mice. PBEO (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the carrageenan-induced paw edema which was observed at the 3rd hour of the experiment by 43, 64 and 58%, respectively. PBEO showed significant anti-nociceptive effects in the first phase (200 mg/kg, 40% pain inhibition) and the second phase (100 mg/kg, 37% pain inhibition) of formalin test. According to the GC-Mass spectrometry findings, myristicin (21.1%), cis-isomyristicin (17.2%), E-β-ocimene (11.1%), and Z-β-ocimene (6.2%) were characterized as the main components. The results suggest that PBEO could be a potential candidate as an anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive agent in the management of inflammation-based disorders. These effects might be partially due to possible inhibition of or interference with the production of some inflammatory mediators.

 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic was confirmed as global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) by 11 March 2020.

 Data was collected from all the emergency medicine staff working in two referral main centers for COVID-19 affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were enrolled in the study six months after the first COVID-19 hospitalization and the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CDAS) was used.

 According to our results, while 46 (20.7%) participants had a moderate anxiety score, 26 (11.7%) had a severe anxiety score.

 The results of this study showed that emergency department staff are at risk of developing an Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD). During the COVID-19 pandemic, more research should be done on these groups.

Excessive use of antibiotics to treat diseases such as mastitis in dairy cows caused by Escherichia coli has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which is considered a threat to public health. Nowadays, antimicrobial peptides such as bacteriocins have attracted more attention as potential antimicrobial agents. Therefore, the study of their stability and antibacterial activity in physiological conditions is very important. In order to investigate the thermal stability of Enterocin P peptide (EntP), the third structure of EntP was first predicted using the I-TASSER server. Then, the stability of this structure was evaluated by dynamic conditions for this purpose, the simulation was performed using GROMACS software in 400 ns at cow body temperature (312 °K). Finally, the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) graph of this peptide was plotted against time along the simulation trajectory. ClusPro online server was used to study the interaction of peptide with LptD surface protein from Escherichia coli bacterium causing mastitis. In the in vitro phase of this study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum dissociation concentration (MBC) of EntP peptide were estimated based on the microbroth method on Escherichia coli. The results showed that the best predicted structure of EntP peptide by I-TASSER server had a C-score of 1.4 which was selected. The values reported by the ERRAT and Verify3D plots indicated that the tertiary structure predicted for the EntP peptide was satisfactory. The RMSD graph related to the thermal stability of EntP at bovine body temperature showed that the structure of EntP peptide is stable after 400 ns of the simulation trajectory. The results of molecular docking also showed that this peptide was correctly attached to the LptD antigen. After measuring the MIC, the bacteria were cultured and the MBC was obtained, which were estimated at 48.25 and 96.5 μg/ml, respectively. This peptide could be used as an alternative to antibiotics or in combination with them for the treatment of infections with the origin of Escherichia coli.

Quercus brantii galls (QBGs) are well-known in Iranian traditional medicine for treating various diseases. The aim of study was to assess the acute and repeated oral toxicity of the hydroalcoholic extract of QBG in female rats.

The ethanolic extract of QBG was administered in rats by gavage in both acute and repeated dose models. In the acute section of the study, a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg was administered to female rat which were observed for physical symptoms and behavioral changes for 14 days. In the repeated dose toxicity study, the QBG extract (50, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day) was administered for a period of 28 days to rats. On 28th day of experiment, blood sampling of animals was done for hematological and biochemical analysis and then sacrificed for histopathological examination of the harvested tissues (liver, heart, kidney, lung, spleen, stomach, ovary and uterus).

A single oral administration of the QBG extract (2000 mg/kg) did not produce mortality or significant behavioral changes during 14 days of observation. In repeated oral toxicity models, the extract significantly increased (P<0.05) the levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and significantly decreased the levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) in 500 and 1000 mg/kg dosage. The histopathological studies showed the absence of toxic effects of QBG (50 mg/kg dosage) and revealed evidence of microscopic lesions in the liver, kidney, stomach, heart, spleen, lung, uterus, and ovary in the 500- and 1000-mg/kg groups. 

The results indicate that the oral acute toxicity of QBG extract was of a low order with LD50 being more than 2000 mg/kg in rats. In addition, slight tissue damage was observed in some tissues in the 500 and 1000 mg/kg groups. It was found that prolonged use at higher doses i.e. 500 mg/kg/day of QBG extract should be avoided.

This research is conducted to present a conceptual integrative model of various levels of environmental factors influencing social entrepreneurship development and to fill the multiple gaps that exist in the related literature. Research method was qualitative and based on its purposes, grounded theory with classic approach was applied. Based on accessibility reason, research statistical sample was included 22 of entrepreneurship university (Tehran and Qazvin) teachers and staffs working for the entrepreneurship and job development office in ministry of cooperatives labor and social welfare. Findings presents an extensive conceptual model of environmental factors influencing social entrepreneurship in three),Aforementioned findings also expose multiple research directions for future studies in this research area which is discussed at the end of this article. This research is conducted to present a conceptual integrative model of various levels of environmental factors influencing social entrepreneurship development and to fill the multiple gaps that exist in the related literature. Research method was qualitative and based on its purposes, grounded theory with classic approach was applied. Based on accessibility reason, research statistical sample was included 22 of entrepreneurship university (Tehran and Qazvin) teachers and staffs working for the entrepreneurship and job development office in ministry of cooperatives labor and social welfare. Findings presents an extensive conceptual model of environmental factors influencing social entrepreneurship development in three levels: macro (national and international), meso (organizational), and micro (individual). Aforementioned findings also expose multiple research directions for future studies in this research area which is discussed at the end of this article.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Intensive and Short-Term Dynamic Therapy (ISTDP) on defense mechanisms and emotional expression in individuals with coronavirus-induced death anxiety. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test & follow-up design with the control group. The statistical population of the present study included all undergraduate students of accounting at the Azad University of Tehran in the first semester of 2021, who scored higher than the cut-off (70 and above) in the coronavirus-induced death anxiety that 34 people selected in a purposive manner after screening and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (17 people in each group). Treatment (8 sessions of 75 minutes per week) was presented to the experimental group individually. Also for data collection, Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ, Andrews, et al., 1993), Expressed Emotion (EEQ, King and Ammons, 1990), and Coronavirus-induced Death Anxiety (CDA, Naji, 2021) were used and analyzed by Multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that intensive and short-term dynamic therapy reduces coronavirus-induced death anxiety, and neurotic and immature defenses, and increases emotional and mature defenses. (p<0.01). Dynamic psychotherapy can facilitate coping strategies with anxiety and how to express emotion, and dynamic psychotherapy allows better defense mechanisms to be used. Therefore, it can be said that according to the intended therapeutic goals, dynamic psychotherapy can be used to affect different dimensions of individual problems.

This research is conducted to present a conceptual integrative model of various levels of environmental factors influencing social entrepreneurship development and to fill the multiple gaps that exist in the related literature. Research method was qualitative and based on its purposes, grounded theory with classic approach was applied. Based on accessibility reason, research statistical sample was included 22 of entrepreneurship university (Tehran and Qazvin) teachers and staffs working for the entrepreneurship and job development office in ministry of cooperatives labor and social welfare. Findings presents an extensive conceptual model of environmental factors influencing social entrepreneurship development in three levels: macro (national and international), meso (organizational), and micro (individual). Aforementioned findings also expose multiple research directions for future studies in this research area which is discussed at the end of this article.

The CXCR4 receptor along with CXCL12 is believed to have an effect on the onset, progression, migration, and treatment complications and improve acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment outcomes. In this study, we investigated the impact of (7+3) chemotherapy protocol on the expression of CXCR4 and its related ligand CXCL12.
In this case-control study, specimens were collected before and after the first cycle of chemotherapy of AML-M4 and AML-M5 patients. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry techniques tested the CXCR4 expression. ELISA was used for measuring the serum level of CXCL12. Two samples, t-test and paired t-test, were utilized for data analysis.
We found that CXCR4 expression by lymphocyte cells after chemotherapy was approximately similar to the CXCR4 expression in the healthy subjects. Moreover, CXCR4 expression was high prior to chemotherapy. The serum level of CXCL12 considerably increased in the patients before chemotherapy. However, after chemotherapy, CXCL12 was found to reach the baseline level in comparison to the healthy control group.
The (7+3) current chemotherapy inhibited CXCL12. Therefore, controlling chemokines along with chemotherapy in AML patients might be conducive to the treatment process or even prevent the relapse of the disease.