جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "بی خانمانی" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Nowadays, homelessness is considered as a social damage and a serious challenge in different countries, including Iran. In addition to to non-structural factors (personal-family) effective in its occurrence, structural factors (economy, employment and housing) have been identified as the main cause of homelessness.Homeless people are exposed to threats of victimization before and during their homeless life. This article, with a descriptive-analytical method, while investigating the causes of homelessness, tries to investigate the factors involved in the victimization of homeless people from the perspective of structural theories of criminology and theories of victimology.The findings of the article indicate that some personal characteristics and vulnerable aspects such as age and gender are effective in intensifying the possibility of victimization of homeless people in two stages before and during homelessness. Also, the possibility possibility of initial victimization and their delinquency-victimization due to the conditions and lifestyle, personal characteristics and there are daily needs.

This study aims to explore how technological innovations and social entrepreneurship can be effectively utilized to address the issue of homelessness, focusing on identifying sustainable and innovative solutions that can improve the living conditions and social integration of homeless individuals. Employing a qualitative research approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 27 participants, including social entrepreneurs, IT experts, activists in the homelessness sector, and individuals who have experienced homelessness. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify main themes and sub-themes. The analysis revealed six main themes: Innovative Technologies, Innovation in Social Services, Access to Resources, Community Engagement, Sustainability and Development, and Social and Cultural Impacts. These themes encompassed various strategies, ranging from the use of mobile applications and online platforms to foster communication and manage data, to social entrepreneurship initiatives aimed at enhancing access to resources and promoting sustainable development goals. The study concludes that technological innovations and social entrepreneurship hold significant potential to address homelessness by offering sustainable solutions and facilitating social integration. It underscores the importance of community involvement and the need for a multidimensional approach that considers the social and cultural dimensions of homelessness.

Housing planning and policy-making is one of the main concerns of urban planners due to its wide dimensions, especially for the homeless and appropriate pattern for its residents. Homelessness is a type of housing that does not meet the basic housing standards of that community. The purpose of this research is to provide a pattern for the homeless housing planning based on the pattern of right to adequate housing. The present paper is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive - analytical in terms of method and content analysis. The adequate housing pattern was provided by theoretical literature in 6 indicators (Security of tenure, availability of services, materials, facilities and infrastructure, habitability, affordability, accessible housing and cultural adequacy). An electronic questionnaire was prepared and sent to university professors, managers and experts in the field of housing and urban planning and also PhD and MSc students that were chosen by available judgmental sampling. To provide a pattern for the homeless housing planning in Tehran metropolis, confirmatory factor analysis by Amos software was implemented. The results indicate that the security of tenure index with 0.83 factor loading, availability of services, materials, facilities and infrastructure with 0.80 and affordability with 0.63 have the highest factor loading and importance in providing a pattern for housing planning, respectively. The results show that the developed factor model has a good fit with the data and there is a significant relationship between adequate housing indices in Tehran metropolis. To solve the housing problem of the homeless, it is necessary to use a housing planning pattern based on the right to adequate housing in the country's housing policies and planning in accordance with the nature of the constitution.

The purpose of the present article is to show that, under the 603/70 Enactment of the Supreme Administrative Council in 1999, the process of responding to homelessness has become judicialized, and to trace the causes and consequences of this judicialization. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to achieve these goals. The Enac. and some cases of the clients of the two centers established under the Enac. have been analyzed; Also, the clients of one of the centers were interviewed and a questionnaire was completed. The staff of both centers were also interviewed. Findings explain the way in which the process of responding to homelessness, has been judicialized under the Enac. Almost all decisions depend on a special judge’s approval and decree. The roots of this judicialization, at first place, goes back to the Enac. It is centered around a criminalizing attitude to behaviors that are usually associated with homelessness, namely vagrancy and panhandling. The following judicialization of the process has resulted in that the centers to find a punitive and semi-jail identity rather than a supportive one, causing dissatisfaction of staff and clients, in the way that, the clients wish to be released from Therefore, it is necessary to formulate new laws and procedures in the aim of responding to homelessness effectively.

 Homelessness is one of the important issues of urban life in the last two decades.. It seems that society's concerns for the problem of homelessness and not finding a solution to solve it have led to turning to stigma: The violence against the homeless, the criminalization of homelessness, the invisibility of the homeless and using terms such as vagabond and drug addict. Media coverage plays an important role in the stigmatization and de-stigmatization of homelessness.

To study the status of stigma (components, management and types of stigma) in radio programs related to homelessness, six programs were analyzed based on semiotic analysis, as one of the widely used methods in qualitative research of media texts.

The findings show that addiction and inappropriate appearance are highlighted as a "mark" and addict as a "group labeling" of homelessness. The stigma of "peril" is very prominent in the programs with the presence of informants and experts, and various types of harm, including crime and theft, the spread of addiction, disease, and identity less children, and the destruction of the spirit of society are attributed to this group. Stigma management in programs with the presence of homeless people is through "self-disclosure" and "masking", while stigma management in programs with the presence of informants and professionals is through two methods of "hiding" and "displacement".

Despite the fact that in radio programs, the issues and problems of homelessness are not raised much, and the problem of addiction is mostly highlighted, and the issues related to poverty and the form of residence are not considered, but a space is provided for the homeless to talk about their personal experiences and for organizations to introduce their services. These conversations help to fade some stigmas and help people get to know each other more.

Despite several decades of planning and policy-making to supply housing for low-income groups, changes in political attitudes in each period prevented forming integrated and coherent policy-making to solve this problem. The goal of this study is initially to define homelessness concept regardless of homelessness (absolute homelessness) and other related concepts and then to explain a specific and comprehensive policy-making for housing planning of aforementioned groups by combinational approach (strategic policy-making). The research employed content analysis to determine dimensions of the strategic policy (specific perspective, strategic thinking capacity, organizational orientation) and its indices and all of seven housing supplying program including individual land allocating program, land preparation, new urban, building and supplying rental housing units, Mehr housing, regularizing and empowerment of informal settlements and rehabilitation and renovation of old and urban inefficiency assessed via 20 experts in housing field through one-sample T-test. Results indicate that none of the seven housing planning followed the strategic policy-making characteristics and were at low level from experts' view. In the indicators of foresight, realism, coordination with the policies of other sectors and coordination with the superior documents (land preparation and land assignment); In the indicators of holistic view, value orientation, level of plan decision making (land preparation); In the index of decision-making structure of the plan (land assignment) have the lowest level of compliance with the indicators of strategic policies, which has led to the continuation of the problem of homelessness in the country. Finally, following the strategic policymaking for homeless housing is proposed to exit from such challenge.

Homeless people are one of the most vulnerable and despised urban groups with complex problems. This study investigates the consequences of homelessness in Tehran and in its various dimensions.

The present study was conducted using a qualitative method and the participation of homeless men and key informants. The sampling method is purposeful sampling. Data collection tools are observation techniques and in-depth semi-structured interviews with thematic analysis method.

In the process of analyzing and thematizing the findings, at the individual level, the themes of mental disorders, trauma, death, the formation of negative emotions and feelings, addiction and internalization of homeless culture, at the community level, themes of violence and conflict, drug dealing, theft. Joining criminal groups, gambling, the spread of high-risk diseases at the community level, social exclusion and imprisonment and its consequences, at the neighborhood level, themes of insecurity in urban areas, dissatisfaction among residents. Feelings of social inferiority, neighborhood inferiority, the collapse of Shiraz and neighbor hood identity, and relocation to other neighborhoods and in the family area were weakened and the collapse of the individual-family communication network was extracted.

The results show that the mechanisms governing this issue are such that not only negatively affect the life of the homeless in various dimensions, but also damage at different levels of production. In such a way that we can name the entanglement of social harms related to homelessness in Tehran.

Hegel, a German philosopher, and Bakhtin, a Russian literary critic, are the two thinkers who have placed the novel within the framework of their contemplation and have focused on the element of self-consciousness in the novel. In Hegel’s philosophy, in the course of the Spirit’s development towards freedom, the novel is the highest manifestation of the Spirit in artistic form, where the Spirit reaches one of the highest levels of self-consciousness. Moreover, due to its origins in the romantic era of art, the novel has heroes with self-consciousness. Bakhtin views self-consciousness in the novel from two perspectives: one is where he introduces the novel as a kind of self-conscious genre, and the other one is where he speaks about the self-consciousness of the novel’s hero. When Bakhtin introduces Dostoevsky as the creator of the polyphonic novel, he says it is the hero’s self-consciousness that gives Dostoevsky’s novels the quality of polyphony.  Yet, the talk of self-consciousness in the novel intertwines with the talk of homelessness in both thinkers’ discussions. In this paper, we have tried to show the position of each of the two thinkers with regard to this subject, their similarities and differences, and the dialogue between them.
 

Human rights are one of the requirements of life in any society, which is emphasized in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of UN and the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights. Homeless people are among the socially disadvantaged groups which realization of their citizenship rights is important. Organizing these people, including beggars, addicts, homeless people and street people has been carried out by providing warm shelters in Tehran. This study aimed to explain the dimensions, indicators, issues and strategies for the realization of citizenship rights of the homeless people in Tehran focusing on Khavaran shelter. The research has been conducted using quantitative and qualitative approach. The results show that the most important indicators of the rights of the homeless are the right of dignity, liberty, family formation, social security, the right to freely choose work, health, and well-being, education, participation in society, and free and full development of personality. Providing warm shelters address some of their human and citizenship rights, although the residents of neighbors in which these shelters are placed face some problems and undesirable conditions which deprives them of comfort and well-being.

Homelessness is a social deviation specific to urban societies The unfortunate consequences of this social disaster have made it a social issue. It comes from the experience of victims and the community, and it is predictable that vulnerable people will be exposed to the possibility of repeated victimization, the tendency to risk behaviors and abuse.The present study is a descriptive and qualitative study using semi-structured interviewing tool on statistical population of 100 homeless women. The present study shows that the experience of victimization and, in a broader sense, victimization plays a colorful role in guiding women towards the experience of homelessness.Its purpose is to contribute scientifically to the process of designing, formulating, and reviewing criminal and social policies in order to prevent effective victimization of homelessness The present study shows that homeless women experience this phenomenon differently from men because of the experience of gender-based victims, the lifestyle imposed on them, daily activities, access to illegal opportunities, presence in hot areas. The city makes them vulnerable victims The risk of repeated and secondary victimization is predictable in these women.

The purpose of writing this article is to study the action of a group of "improved homeless women" as part of the social inferiority on Instagram. Although the group has less access to official media, they have the opportunity to show themselves and their daily lives on social media and social media. Therefore, in this article, the content shared by this group on Instagram was studied. With these questions, what topics do these women share on their Instagram posts? In these images, how does the transition from homelessness to homelessness occur? And in general, what capabilities and opportunities does this social network provide for them as tools and strategies for living their daily lives? This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and the method of thematic analysis and study of 140 Instagram posts from page 10 of the homeless women. Based on the findings of the present paper, three categories of topics including "adorned appearance", "social presence" and "search for peace" were identified in the posts. Despite the lack of past displays in the transition from homelessness to homelessness and the viewing of images of women without a past in these posts, it seems that displaying a new "self" on Instagram has a compensatory function; Such as politics and resistance, which are discussed in Bayat's theory of "quiet progress" and the concept of "tactics of coping."

the purpose of the study is to assess social and cultural impacts of Homeless Housing Assistance Center of Tehran Naft District 5th District Municipality And providing Corrective and compensatory solutions to make this project work better. The descriptive-analytical method has been used with stakeholder analysis approach to achieve this goal. On the one hand, it can be said the negative impact of Farahzad Valley’s neighborhoods on the function and the image of the businessman by regarding the geographical scope of the impact of the surrounding environment of Homeless Housing Assistance Center On its function as The main focus of the social damage is the Naft area By creating urban defenseless spaces, The presence of homeless people And trash exacerbation On the function and the image of Homeless Housing Assistance Center And on the other hand, in the social domain, one can claim that If one of the main goals of the construction of Homeless Housing Assistance Center is to prevent the deaths of addicted and homeless people in public roads and to preserve urban furniture and to eliminate these people from the city’s face rather than rehabilitation, The findings and data of the research indicate the success of the 5th District Municipality in creating a comfortable dormitory space for clients. But, in the end, two main damage to the function of the Homeless Housing Assistance Center can be identified: 1. becoming Homeless Housing Assistance Center to Permanent residence of clients and their precipitate and 2. Discontinuing the Empowerment Cycle of Clients and as a result the loss of Retrospective nature of the collection.

Due to the increasing prevalence and increasing number of Homeless people in the metropolitan areas of Iran, it is necessary to conduct studies to analyze the conditions governing the individual and social life in these territories. The results of such a study could be to gain credible cognition to design and advance constructive social, security, and caring interventions in this regard. Therefore, the present study seeks to study the various aspects of sexuality in the Homeless' life experience and the conditions that govern it with a qualitative approach. The main research questions are as follows: What is the pattern of sex regulation in the Homeless' life experience? Under what conditions does it form? What are the strategies of action or interaction of social actors in relation to it? and finally what are the implications of this pattern?

The approach of this study was qualitative and based on the use of grounded theory. In-depth interviews were conducted with 42 homeless people including 23 men and 19 women. The samples were purposefully selected from homeless hangouts in Mashhad and Tehran. After the initial interviews, the coding process began, and further interviews continued as the coding process progressed. The initial codes obtained during the open coding step were categorized several times to produce the final main categories. Core category was selected from a review of the main categories and continuous comparison of the findings. Explaining the findings and drawing up a final narrative about the core category eventually led the researchers to a grounded theory explaining the phenomenon of "sexual abnormalities in homeless hangouts."

The results indicate that the homeless people generally promote their emotional and sexual activities in a chaotic fashion. The gradual discrediting of the family institution and the return to drug use have played an important role in this upheaval. Homeless people have had different strategies to meet their sexual needs, often with their preferred experiences in the pre-homeless period, and in some ways, the status quo has been somewhat derogatory. But overall, and in the coordinates of homelessness, one can see a self-reliant and flexible pattern of emotional-sexual intercourse among homeless people that has provided the opportunity to meet the needs of most of its audiences.

A key point in examining the issue of sexual intercourse among the homeless has been the marital background. Failure to marry because of drug use and separation has led individuals to seek alternatives to meet their emotional and sexual needs. According to research by Begun (2015) and Brown & et al. (2012), sexual and emotional intimacy have influenced the way homeless people interact. The findings of this study are consistent with Merton's (1968) theory. Accordingly, homeless people resort to illicit ways to have sex. Also, according to the analytical approach of social learning theory (Vold, Bernard & Snipes, 2018), homeless people have learned this behavior by learning about these behaviors in homeless hangouts. Finally, the findings of this study show that sexual dysfunction among homeless people is not only reflected in the multiplicity of sexual behaviors and high risk behaviors, but also that the homeless people's return to hangouts and camps is a reflection of this turmoil. The studies of Begun & et al. (2019) and Barman & et al. (2017) also confirm the findings of the present study.

This Article tries to assess the efficacy of the policies concerning homelessness in Iran. Alongwith analyzing laws, through a case study we have investigated documents and statistics of ahomeless shelter, and finally the profile of one homeless case to assess the effectiveness of thepolicies. Findings show that there are serious shortages in policies regarding homelessness.These few laws are not enacted correctly and they are not effective in reality and can’t helphomeless people to get out of homelessness circle. The laws have no principled conception ofhomelessness and have not conceptualized the steps of combating homelessness clearly. Also,the institutions and organization which must participate do not participate completely. So, theresults are poor and the homeless people remain in a vicious circle. Regarding the growingtrend of homelessness in Iran, to act effectively it is necessary to study different aspects ofhomelessness in Iran and to consider the successful experiences of other countries, and onthe bases of these considerations and investigations make comprehensive laws and policies inthe level of parliament in a way that steps and chains of action against homelessness, tasks ofdifferent institutions and sources for action clearly defined and can be monitored.

Southwest Asia is one of the most important controversies in the world. This region has been involved in many conflicts in recent years. Meanwhile, Iraq has undergone many changes due to structural deficiencies, the involvement of foreign powers and regional actors. Consequently , these changes provided the necessary grounds for the emergence of terrorism, which ISIS is the last of terrorist groups. Security crises are among the main challenges in each country. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of the visual texts of ISIS and the Iraqi refugees and seek to answer the question of what features of the ISIL and Iraqi refugees are represented in the visual texts. In this research, the photo is considered as both a context for the connection and production of meaning and also an artistic social activity. In this study, based on the theory of representation and the semiotic method- in the semiotic method it is possible to examine the underlying layers of media texts including photographs- and by analyzing the statistical sample and using the Maxqda qualitative software, a photo analysis of the subject of ISIL refugees has been addressed.

Aim: Substance abuse is recognized as a major health problem among the homeless. People who cycle in and out of homelessness tend to cycle in and out of alcohol and drug abuse. The relationship between substance abuse and homelessness requires that they are treated simultaneously and not independently. Although there is an increase in public interest concerning the homeless population, research on the issues of homelessness has been fragmented and incomplete. Research is necessary to understand substance abuse among the homeless so that prevention and intervention measures can be developed and implemented. The aim of this study was to describe a homeless population’s lived experience with substance abuse and to better understand factors that effect to substance abuse treatment among the homeless.
This paper fulfilled by the method of grounded theory. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews with 20 men who participating in Project of rehabilitation of drug user (1393). Data from the interviews were analyzed by theoretical coding.
Finding: Categories that emerged from the data included: experience of rejection from family and friends, traumatic experience, negative feelings and emotions, social isolation, social apathy, loss welfare –education infra-structure.
Homeless population's lived experience with substance abuse show that treatment for this group is very different with addicts that they lived with family.

In the recent two decades, a special kind of homelessness which is named ”rough sleeping” has appeared and paid attention to in Iran, especially in the great city of Tehran. Meanwhile, sleeping rough is seen as a social concern and could be transformed into social harm. It is a sign and results in other social concerns and harms in society. The aim of this study was to understand the lived experiences of rough sleeping individuals, discover and bring out theory within these experiences, and draw the related paradigm, including conditions (structure), action (process), and outcomes. The research is of qualitative type and follows the Grounded Theory (GT) method. Data were collected through deep and semi structured interviews with people sleeping rough on the surface of Tehran city, during the year 2016-2017. The sampling method was purposeful and with a sample size of 34 individuals, theoretical saturation was achieved. Data were coded and analyzed through phases of open, axial and selective coding suggested by "Strauss and Corbin".The disconnection-dependency limbo” appeared as axial category. This term means disconnection of the individual from the society, family and support sources and being dependent on the abnormal group of people sleeping rough for compensating for their losses and deprivations. The people sleeping rough confront this phenomenon by taking on survival, continuation and going-out strategies and face the consequences. Results indicate that rough sleeping is shaped in the context of structural and macro factors interacting with individual factors. A solution is to change the social conditions of these persons, and the rough sleeping person can be an active agent in this process.