جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "جهاد سازندگی" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

the main problem of this research is extracting a theoretical model to explain the phenomenon of popular governance based on the experience of constructive jihad. The study population of this research was activists and activists with a long history of construction jihad who had enough familiarity and lived experience in construction jihad. The purposeful sampling method and the research sample were determined according to the theoretical saturation of the data in the qualitative research, and therefore, 15 research interviews were conducted. The grounded theory method was used in data analysis using MAXQDA 2018 software. The findings of the research are: The main category was "unity and complete unification of people with the process and components of governance". The active cause of the "divine and sanctification of the governance process" and the intervening conditions in this model was the centrality of the relationship between Imam and Ummah in society, a relationship based on trust and the role of merely facilitating governance (instead of tenure) in governance. The basis for the realization of this phenomenon was the society''s religious culture, revolutionary and spiritualist human forces, an organization with a justice-seeking culture and a human-centered structure as background conditions. The strategies, which are the answers given to control, manage and deal with the main phenomenon, include council-oriented, bottom-up management, field decision-making, people''s satisfaction as the focus of targeting and learning during operations. Breaking the deadlock and as a result growing at an astonishing speed, freeing people''s capacities and resources and training a generation of efficient managers is one of the consequences of popular governance.

Constructive Jihad was formed after the Islamic Revolution to eliminate poverty in the villages and promote agriculture,but neglecting to pay attention to the social order and the philosophical foundations governing it, caused it to become a ministry in a short period of time. The purpose of this article is to show the difference between the organizational logic of constructive jihad and the modern bureaucratic organization at the level of social order analysis and its philosophical foundations. In the following, according to the social theory of Max Weber and Karl Marx, it has been shown how modern western bureaucracy has a relationship with the development of western capitalism. After that, considering Reza Khan's forced modernization and Pahlavi II's capitalist development programs, its effects on the development of western bureaucracy in Iran have been examined. In the next step, referring to the social theory of the Islamic Revolution and its philosophical foundations, with the reading of Morteza Motahari, the components of Constructive Jihad were counted through open, central and selective coding of the codes of 30 interviews and compared with the common bureaucracy components in the Pahlavi period. The findings of the research show that neglecting the analysis of constructive jihad at the level of social theory and the philosophical foundations of the Islamic Revolution, caused the transformation of constructive jihad in the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad.

Jahad Sazandegi was of the institutes that came into the existence by the order of the leader of Islamic Revolution. Although the nature and philosophy of its existence was to terminate the deprivation in rural areas, with the outset of Iraq-Iran war, jahad put presence in the war on its agenda. Considering the activities of Jahad in terminating the deprivation from rural areas on the one hand, and its public confidence on the other hand, Jahad’s performance in socio-political and military spheres helped to ease the war. The main question in the present study is:How is Jahad’s performance in the Iraq-Iran war assessed?Our findings indicate that Jahad had an essential role in the 8 years of Iran-Iraq war: both at the front-line, in engineering and military activities, and also logistically. With the post-war ruins in the country which necessitated the reconstruction of war-hit villages, Jahad backed by a positive record in effective termination of deprivation in early years of post-revolutionary Iran, took the responsibility of the reconstruction, and registered a very positive performance in war-hit areas.The present study has applied a historical approach, and a descriptive-analytical method; using the archive documents, and doing interviews with the activists and witnesses, and also enjoying the library resources

  Discourse with a historiographical approach, and trying to record and analyze the events and struggles of the holy defense years, is an explanation of high human and religious sociological truths. In this regard, the strategies of building jihad in the university, industry and military engineering in holy defense have been discussed. The data of this qualitative research was extracted from semi-structured interviews and review of published documents and articles, and qualitative content analysis method was used for data analysis. The findings of this study have divided the measures of constructive jihad into three categories, including organizational management, combat engineering, and cultural management, and within each category, the most strategic ones have been discussed. Therefore, from the total of 25 qualitative interviews and their analysis, 3 themes, 7 main themes, and 14 sub-themes were identified, which are based on macro and aligned strategies in constructive jihad. Such explanations, with the aim of filling a gap in the knowledge of how revolutionary institutions and governance work, can depict historical narratives of the epic, jihad, and the combat engineering initiatives of the jihadists of the construction of jihad, and have practical and theoretical implications for policymakers, managers, and thinkers. and provide researchers. .

Rural development, both in terms of approach and policy implementation, has been one of the development concerns of developing countries. In terms of approach, the question has always been whether rural development should follow the techno-bureaucratic approach (from above) or the participatory approach (from below). Which approaches have been sound and valid has always been overshadowed by intellectual-ideological debates. Because the revolution paved the way for the following of alternative approaches to development beyond conventional pre-revolutionary approaches, which relied on less successful experiences with top-down approaches, and this was better reflected in the establishment and evolution of Jihad-e Sazandeghi. Therefore, this article studies the experience of rural development with regard to the ups and downs of the Jihad. Having Explained the Jihad's formation, the article concludes that, first; the top-down approach has gradually given way to the down-top approach, which has been at odds with its existential philosophy. Second, inspired by Michels's theory of bureaucratization, it argues that the Jihad's development goal has gradually been overshadowed by non-developmental functions such as maintaining organization and governing relations. Third, inspired by Ferguson's theory of being consequential of any action or development plan, it argues that the extensive measures of the Jihad in implementing rural projects, especially infrastructure, have had various impacts such as reducing urban and rural gaps and integrating rural communities in society. Therefor these developmental initiatives have provided more macro and qualitative effects that should be regarded as long lasting.

The rural development policymaking system has different agents including the public and private sectors. If the system continuously receives field information from rural and nomadic areas and processes them correctly, it can provide and implement efficient policies for achieving the supreme goals and a desirable future. In the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, a traditional paradigm was used to govern development. In this paradigm, based on the modernization doctrines and technocratic and bureaucratic principles, development merely referred to the economic growth; the participation of local communities had no value in the policy-making and management of development. In the present study, grounded theory has been employed as a method to analyze the statements made by Ayatollah Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei, respectively, as the former and current supreme leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran and extract the features and functions of the jihadi style of management. The aforementioned approach of the present study was adopted based on the fundamental role of these two supreme leaders in the formation and guidance of the Jihad of Construction. According to the experiences of Jihad of Construction, the perspective of the policymaking system of rural and nomadic development in Iran must be empowering and elevating people and making a good life possible through simultaneous attention to material and spiritual aspects of the lives of villagers and nomads. In recent years, owing to the dominance of hardware and basic needs approaches, the villagers and nomads have become passive settlers, whereas human capital is the main axis of development.

Researcher of innovation studies believe that it no longer contains only economic structure or technical process; rather, it can be considered as a social phenomenon. Jihad-e-Sazandegui is a novel emerging institution of the Islamic Revolution that has been able to present social services progressively meeting some of the needs of society during its lifetime in an innovative way, compared to existing mechanisms, by the help of people and organizing them. In this regard, Jihad-e-Sazandegui can be considered as an innovative social institution. Hence, the researchers are aimed at conducting a thematic analysis strategy through the analysis of more than 30 purposive interviews and related documents as well as the researchers conducted with regard to this institution, to identify the model of the formation of social innovation in Jihad-e-Sazandegui. Due to the impossibility of interviewing all the managers and related specialists in Jihad, this study was conducted using a non-probabilistic and snowball sampling method. According to the results, this model contains a process which began with "creating stimulus of urgency" and continued with the "initial formation based on the Jihad intentions and the new Islamic education" based on "Jihad-e-Sazandegui", and developed and consolidated in an environment and culture of "Jihadi performance", and ultimately led to "public mobilization” and restoration of help culture" by the people to meet the needs of the community.

Jihadi management, as a practical illustration of the Jihadi institutions of the Islamic Revolution, can be a model for effective management in today's Iranian society. This research is intended to provide a model of Jihadi organizational culture by exploring the experience of Jihad-e-sazandegui during the first decade of the establishment of this organization. Due to the exploratory nature of the research, qualitative method of thematic network analysis was employed as the most appropriate strategy. The research population included managers of the of Jihad-e-sazandegui organization in the first decade of its activity (1978- 1987). A sample of 25 people of these managers was selected through purposive sampling method based on saturation principle to have deep interviews. The analysis of the research data eventually led to the production of 209 open codes, from which 39 basic themes were identified by combining them together. Eventually, those themes were grouped into eight organizer themes by clustering them into similar groups. The organizer themes of research include development-generating flexibility, religiousness, religious life style, open communication model, sympathetic leadership style, transcendental culture of work, collaboration, participation and popularity. All organizer themes can also be defined under the comprehensive theme of "Jihadi organizational culture". Accordingly, this theme contains the basis and core of the network of the themes of this study.

Preliminary studies show that there are certain identity developments among the youth of the Islamic Revolution, some of which are not assessed positively. Since historical, cultural and social factors leave a considerable impact on the identification of the youth, and given the weaknesses in offering a jihadi role-model, the present paper is an attempt to study the impacts of such patterns on the identification of the youth. In the first place, after conducting 80 interviews with the key figures of the Construction Jihad, who were active during the war, the combat-engineering creativities of the Construction Jihad of the said period were extracted. In the next step, 110 students were asked to offer their evaluation of the Construction Jihad. Then, about 200 images of the combat-engineering creative achievements of the Construction Jihad were presented to the students and they were asked again to offer their evaluation of the Construction Jihad members. Thematic analysis conducted in order to compare the group with himself, shows that the awareness of the youth of the achievements of Construction Jihad members had considerable impacts on the process of their identification. In the next step, by converting the garnered qualitative data to quantitative ones, the significant differences of the results were specified. Hence, it seems that through extracting different jihadi role-models and their palpable and tangible presentation to the youth, it is possible to leave a positive impact on their identity development.

Virtue ethics is a type of ethical theory which has been considered in different fields, especially in management. It can be employed in the field of management and organization to move towards virtue-based organizations. The Islamic revolution paved the way for the emergence of virtue-based organizations. This research is intended to identify two virtue-based institutions, Jihad Sazandegui and Islamic Revolutionary Committee as well as their components. The data of this qualitative research are collected by interviews with active experts in these institutions. The interviews are analyzed through thematic analysis. The results pointed out the following components for virtue-based organizations: organizational piety, organizational brotherhood, wisdom, general sacrifice, braveness, constant struggle, managers’ flexibility.