جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "سازمان های غیرانتفاعی" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

In the early 1990s, industrial democratic governments had major changes in government structures and in the relationship between government and society. This article attempts to define the nature of the changes using the phrase "Govering the Hollow State" to record the changes that have occurred. The null state is raised as a metaphor for describing the nature of the transfer of power and decentralization of services in the central government to both local governments and third parties - nonprofit organizations and private enterprises - which increasingly operate in the name of the state. Became Since governments with this decentralization failed to achieve the goals they wanted, the term "Govering the Hollow State" was formed, indicating the government's failure to outsource services. These failures were raised at three levels: macro level (loss of government legitimacy), middle level (decentralization in service delivery), and micro level (the roles of government employees). In order to better outsource services and prevent such consequences, governments must, at the same time, devise appropriate monitoring service systems, consider the accountability system as a priority, and be able to simultaneously capture the Governmente, private sector and NGO capabilities Offer as a combination.

One of the most important elements of good governance is the increasing public participation in community affairs. Aid to poor people and charitable activities are one of the most important areas that individuals must be activated in it. This is so important that It can be argued the solving of poverty is not possible without public participation. On the other hand, the government cannot be apathetic to their responsibility in preparation and facilitating Charities activities. The lack of regulation of the relationship between the public sector and the nonprofit sector in charities causes is one of the problems of the nation. The Achievement to the desired pattern to set this relationship, in the first step we need to identify the damages in this subject. In the first study, we conduct some interviews with a number of managers of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation and authorities of charities. After that we use thematic analysis to identify the main damage in the regulation of the relationship. The damage included 31 issues were classified in 6 main categories. Then, with using Analytical Hierarchy Process the issues are prioritized. Finally, the problem of monitoring and evaluating the performance of charities and charge of the government in the subject of poverty elimination were identified as the most important macro issues in this area.

One of the defenses to patent infringement is the experimental use of the invention. This exception is accepted in The Registration of Patents, Industrial Designs and Trademarks Act of 2008. The Act, however, has no clue on the criterion for application of this exception and no case in this regard has yet been brought before the Iranian courts. On the other hand, some of the patent systems, namely the German and the U.S. one, have recognized a distinction between the commercial intent of the use and a non-commercial one as a criterion of the permissible act. Accordingly, the experiments done with a non-commercial purpose should be allowed while the ones with a commercial intent would be considered as an infringement. The case law of the two above-mentioned systems, however, shows otherwise. The current essay intends to investigate the different cases of experimental use and tries to show that the considered distinction cannot function effectively as a criterion to apply the exception especially where the purpose of the use is non-commercial but the patent is used extensively or vice versa where the use is done with a commercial intent but there is a public interest in permitting the act.

This study shows a model for validating electronic services in non-profit institutions. The thought for making this model is rooted in lack of research in this domain. Regarding this issue, the independent variables for validating electronic services was exploited based on induction and the theory of grounded theory. These variables include the issues related to leadership, instruments and costumers. The indexes related to measuring these two variables, leadership and instruments) are measurable referring to financial systems and based on accounting the final prices. But determining the price ( Rial) for the variable of costumers was not possible via this method. So, a process was created to measure and determine the effects of this variable on the other two using the existing theory including the proportional pricing method in accounting, Delon and Meklin model and validation engineering. Following that and for testing the model and the process, the electronic services of giving the license of transportation limitation by Tehran municipality was validated. The results confirmed the possibility of using this model in open world via determining the price of electronic services.

Social Entrepreneurship is a novel concept that first defined almost three decades ago. Many definitions have been offered for this term, Social Entrepreneurship just like Entrepreneurship that had been used more than three centuries ago for the first time, does not have a specific definition. Though we can find similarities in Social Entrepreneurship definitions offered, but they have fundamental differences in some cases. In almost all definitions offered for Social Entrepreneurship, social mission beyond just personal profits is emphasized. But something which is neglected in all definitions is that identifying social problems and solutions for them is strongly depended on social entrepreneur’s value system. In this article, in order to explain Social Entrepreneurship concept, part of Social Entrepreneurship definitions investigated.

Without any doubt nowadays marketing is one of the necessary things for every organizations which are involved in competition with other companies.In this way One of the strategies is suitable mixed marketing strategies. The purpose of this study was to represent an appropriate model in the fundamental teaching institutes which was done after identifing the mixed factors and characteristics of service marketing for non-profit organizations, especially for the non-profit schools, and to investigate the effects of each factor on the performance of these organizations. This study’s data has been collected through a questionnaire with 35 questions between 196 customers who were selected as a random sample of statistical population answered.In this regard,modeling was done with AMOS software and based on the effects of each of these mixed marketing factors on organization’s performance are examined by the SPSS software. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the seven service marketing mix factors affect on non-profit organization’s performance and the effects rate of each factor were identified. Thus, according to these results, process, physical evidence, product, and people factors were priority of these affecting and promotion, price, and place factors were on lower priority.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between cultural quotient or intelligence (CQ) and entrepreneurial characteristics in non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The research is done on the basis of the correlational method. Data are gathered from 244 founders of NGOs in the Tehran Province and two questionnaires are distributed to measure the CQ and entrepreneurial characteristics. The results show that there are deep relationships between the four-factor model of CQ and all dimensions of entrepreneurial characteristics. Accordingly, ¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬the behavioral CQ and cognitive CQ demonstrate a causal relationship with entrepreneurial characteristics at 0.01 levels. Therefore, promoting the behavioral and cognitive CQ has a direct effect on entrepreneurship. This paper indicates that CQ can be considered as a vital factor for successful management of an NGO. These results can also be used to explore the necessary characteristics for multicultural workplace. Additionally, this paper introduces a new idea for academic studies and practicable cultural experiences.

In the present competitive world of today, marketing people are looking for customers. One of the important communication means in business is promotion wich one of the tools is direct marketing. As science and technology progressed, direct marketing has extend more. As using direct marketing methods are cammon is developed countries, and they are also used in service organizations and nonprofit institutions, in this research the use of these means in non-profit servise organizations is analyzed.This research is based on practical and mensurable methods and it is limited to istatistic population of art organizations in Karaj in 2009. More over a number of software including SPSS Statistics 17, LISREL 8.54, SPLS M3 are used for analyzing the data. The data is gathered and proccesed via questionaries and the results are as following: The bigger the size of an art organizations is, the higher the degree of marketing effort will be; but it has no effect on formalization of the organization. The formalization of an art organization has no effect an external integration; however, it is directly related to managerial self confidence, marketing effort, and direct marketing implementation. The higher the managerial self confidence is, the better the direct marketing implementation will be. There are no relation between marketing effort and direct marketing implementation and seson ticket subscription; however, marketing effort causes the increase of sales performance and fundrising performance.