جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "شهر تبریز" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Due to climate changes and increasing energy consumption in the world, the need to change approaches regarding energy consumption and increasing productivity is felt more and more day by day. One of the proposed solutions in recent years is the use of green roofs, which have positive effects on energy consumption in buildings by reducing heat transfer, shading and pollutant control. The performance of green roofs is influenced by various factors, one of which is the type of vegetation. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of types of vegetation used in green roofs on the energy consumption of buildings in cold climates.

Method and Material: 

This research is a descriptive-analytical study, which, after choosing a one-story residential building in Tabriz city, three types of vegetation, Vinca, Frankenia, and Sodom, were selected and in the model green roof structure A choice was made. Energy simulations and evaluation of thermal behavior of this building were done using DesigneBuilder 7.0.2.004 software.

The results of this research showed that the use of Vinca, Frankania and Sedum vegetation on the green roof of the building, respectively, reduced energy consumption by 4.2, 3.9 and 3.8% compared to the building with a roof without vegetation. The positive effect of green roofs in building energy optimization has been proven. It seems that the use of green roof particularly Vinca as green cover compared with the other species in an extensive roof garden is a best solution to reduce the energy consumption of buildings.

Green roof in the climate of Tabriz city is a practical and sustainable solution for energy consumption in cold and dry weather and its many advantages can be used in the climate of this city.

Introduction :

Increasing informal settlements without complying with legal frameworks will have adverse effects on the quality of the environment. The decrease in the quality of the environment of these types of settlements indicates a more unpleasant environment and also indicates an unlivable or livable settlement at a low level. As a result, Tabriz metropolis is no exception to this rule, and more than 500 thousand people live in these informal settlements. In this research, the northern informal settlements of Tabriz city were selected, which include 5 districts of Silab, Malazinal, Ahmedabad, Idalu, and Abbasi. These areas, which have seen an increase in house-building activities, are located in the northern part of Tabriz city. The activities of house building and development of facilities have drawn the attention of builders and opportunistic dealers to the region. And it has led to the development of illegal housing by private activists in a surprising way in the northern area of Tabriz. Assessment of livability in informal settlements created in terms of constructions with illegal land divisions has not been fully and accurately investigated before. The research in this field is limited and has only been investigated in the form of exploitation of activities, policies and effects in Iranian cities. In fact, illegal constructions and land separation have dominated the housing development processes in the suburban areas of Iranian cities, especially Tabriz. As a result, this research was carried out with the aim of developing livability criteria and measuring the livability of informal settlements with constructions and the separation of illegal lands and a vital role in creating a bridge between informal settlements developed with construction and separation of illegal lands with the concept livable settlements will play a role and will finally facilitate the informal urban housing markets as a tool to control the informal development of housing and informal settlements and its adverse effects on the quality of the environment so that citizens can have access to livable settlements in the future to be.

This study used primary research supplemented with secondary research as the main source of data collection. In order to identify informal settlements created by illegal constructions and separations in the northern region of Tabriz, several research techniques were used, such as exploratory interviews with land brokers, preliminary explorations with Google Earth of informal settlements, field observations, and authentic interviews with the municipality of the region. Ten cities of Tabriz were used. After determining the key locations in this field, preliminary researches are conducted in the form of interviews with selected experts to achieve the first goal, which is to develop livability criteria, and questionnaire-based interviews with the resident population to achieve the goal. Second, the livability of the informal settlements developed by dealers’ illegal constructions and separations of the city was assessed in the northern area of Tabriz city. The analytical method used to achieve the objectives of the study includes two analytical stages, which are categorized into stage one (quantitative content analysis) and stage two (distance analysis and importance-performance analysis (IPA). The work process in which each analytical stage plays a role will play is described in the following sections.

From the experts’ questionnaire analysis, eight main criteria and 28 sub-criteria of livability in the settlements created by informal land dividers were obtained. These criteria arise not only from the input variable, but also from several recommendations and adjustments based on experts’ inputs. These eight main criteria become the main priority for performance improvement, as described below; 1) distance to entertainment centers; 2) access to medical services; 3) the state of asphalt of local roads; 4) the condition of drainage channels; 5) the density of buildings; 6) distance to parks; 7) Financial ability to buy land for housing, and; 8) Access to workplaces around the residence, according to the eight mentioned criteria that affect the improvement of the livability of informal settlements in the northern zone of Tabriz, it can be concluded that improving the quality of life in these areas requires serious attention to urban infrastructure, welfare, and economic services. Criteria such as the distance to recreational centers, access to medical services, and the condition of asphalt roads show the importance of meeting the daily needs and welfare of the residents of these areas. Improving these indicators can have a significant effect on increasing satisfaction and reducing people’s daily problems. In addition, criteria such as the condition of drainage channels and the density of buildings emphasize environmental and safety issues. The poor condition in these areas not only threatens the residents’ health but also leads to infrastructural problems that will cost the city a lot in the long run. Improving these aspects requires long-term investments and systematic urban planning. Two other important criteria, including the financial ability to buy land and access to the workplace, refer to economic and social factors. The economic ability of the residents to buy land and easy access to the workplace are among the key factors in reducing poverty and increasing the sustainability of life in these areas. Without addressing these issues, other efforts to improve physical and infrastructural conditions may have limited effects.

This research shows that to improve livability in informal settlements, it is necessary to simultaneously focus on urban infrastructure, public services, and residents’ economic power. On the other hand, the research concludes that policymakers and urban planners should take into account these criteria and develop comprehensive solutions in accordance with the social and economic realities of these areas. Finally, this research, as a practical guide to improve the conditions of informal settlements, can help city officials allocate resources and measures more efficiently by prioritizing problems and needs and, as a result, improve urban performance and increase the quality of life of its residents. Regions to help.

In recent years, smart cities and smart tourism destinations have received wide attention due to providing effective solutions to solve the problems faced by the communities and promoting a sustainable competitive advantage from the point of view of tourism destination marketing. However, the consequences of its development on the residents from socio-cultural aspects have not been studied. The purpose of this study is to analyze the basic cultural and social functions of smart tourism development in Tabriz city. The current research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive survey in terms of its nature. In this research, a qualitative approach was used with the method of content analysis and using library resources and in-depth semi-structured interviews. The expert members were selected by the snowball method and theoretical saturation was obtained after interviewing 13 experts, but three more interviews were conducted for more certainty. After performing three stages of open, core and selective coding, the findings identified 19 concepts in the form of 7 sub-themes, including innovation acceptance, public value, sustainability, promotion of citizen participation, tourism co-creation, residents’ subjective well-being and new technologies ethical aspects. The results of this study can be of great help to policy-makers and managers of urban tourism destinations in order to understand and manage how its development affects people.

With the sustainable development of technology and innovation in people's travel styles, smart tourism(ST) technologies are widely used in various fields of tourism. Smart technologies, especially applications related to tourism, have changed the traditional travel experience and increased the competition of destinations. The purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions of tourists' experience of ST in Tabriz city.

In this study, a qualitative approach with a content analysis method was used. for collecting the data, while studying library resources, a field-method with an in-depth-interview technique was used to identify indicators in technological dimensions, services, psychology and new areas. The key beneficiaries of ST experience were selected by the snowball sampling method, and theoretical saturation was obtained after interviewing 18 of them. Next, MaxQuda software was used for content analysis.

The findings of the research indicate that 32 indicators in the form of 8 subcategories include personalized services (5-indicators), access (3-indicators), awareness (4-indicators), interaction (3-indicators), security and privacy private (4-indicators), technological developments (6-indicators), co-creation (3-indicators) and psychological aspects (4-indicators), form the experience dimentions of ST. This results confirmed that tourists get a richer experience when using smart technologies, which can affect their overall satisfaction with their trip and their behavioral tendencies in the future.

The results have provided valuable information and suggestions for the management of urban tourism destinations that are concerned about the development of ST in their city which can provides a clear view of what they should pay attention to.

Society's concerns about environmental, health and wellness issues have led different societies to reform various processes in countries, including paying attention to the production of green products, complying with environmental standards, proper waste management, and reforming consumption patterns. Also, many factors such as increasing environmental pollution, government pressures, people's expectations of organizations regarding social responsibility, clarify the necessity of companies moving towards producing environmentally friendly products. The purpose of this research is the effect of public education on proper waste management and sustainable green development, considering the moderating role of national identity in the city of Tabriz. This research is classified as applied research in terms of its purpose and as descriptive research in terms of the method of data collection. The statistical population in this study is the citizens of Tabriz who have referred to the municipality for urban, development and welfare affairs, and the number of samples is 328 people based on the Cochran formula and the sampling method is selected as a non-probability sampling method. Given that in this study, individuals are the statistical population, therefore the level of analysis is individual. The sampling method in this study is non-probability sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and SPSS and PLS software were used for analysis. The results confirm all hypotheses in the present study.

Introduction :

Concerning the world experiences of pedestrian construction, we can refer to the Limbeker and Ketweger sidewalks in Essen, Germany, Berdick in Kalamazoo, America, and Struget in Copenhagen, Denmark. Pedestrian construction in the mentioned cities has had effects such as the gradual reduction of traffic and parking, the economic prosperity of these axes, the adaptation of the city center to the changes of the seasons, and the vibrancy of the sidewalk day and night. Also, from the experiences of pedestrian construction in Iran, we can mention the pedestrians of Janat Mashhad, Tarbiat, and Valiasr in Tabriz, Khayyam Urmia, and Lian Bushehr. Currently, due to the establishment of beautification organizations in the municipalities, they have tried to overcome the problems of urban furniture to some extent. Still, the interference of the responsibilities of organizations and institutions has fueled this problem to some extent and overshadowed the tasks of the beautification organization. Is. The lack of the necessary rules and regulations that monitor the creation of the minimum required qualities of the sidewalks in Tabriz city, leads to considerable audacity. This means that despite the creation of sidewalks, due to the lack of attention to basic standards in the design and implementation of sidewalks, some of them are usually turned into unusable spaces and the costs and land related to the construction of such sidewalks Improper ways are considered wasted. Among the four pedestrian paths of Maqsoodiyeh, Ark, Tarbiat and Valiasr, Maqsodieh, and Arak pedestrian paths, despite the presence of urban landscape elements such as trees, etc. streets, the narrow width of sidewalks, and the passage of motor vehicles, the lack of proper facilities, etc., lacks an appropriate and standard urban landscape. Also, the spatial quality of these sidewalks is inappropriate and needs to be reviewed. So far, there have been significant studies on the pedestrian-oriented streets of Tabriz city, however, none of these studies have investigated the inadequacies and deficiencies in the pedestrian-oriented streets. Therefore, the current research aims to answer this question, what are the deficiencies of spatial quality in the pedestrian street of Orak axis in Tabriz city?

The present research method is descriptive-analytical and exploratory in nature, along with a combined qualitative-quantitative and survey method. To collect data, a documentary method was used along with a semi-structured interview and researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the research also includes two groups: the group of experts and specialists and the group of users, passers-by on the sidewalks of Tabriz city. A sample size of 20 experts was selected. The reason for choosing 20 people is that there is no limit in choosing the sample size in expert research. Regarding the sample size of users and passers-by, Cochran’s formula was used with an unlimited statistical population, which was equal to 384 people. After specifying the variables through interviews conducted by experts analysis with MAXQDA software and preparing a questionnaire for users and passers-by, the validity of the indicators was confirmed by the opinion of the statistical community of experts, supervisors, and consultants. The reliability of the questionnaire indicators is also 0.901 with Cronbach’s alpha test for the social and cultural component; functional-functional 0.876; Economic; 0.841; Access 0.894; Aesthetics was calculated as 0.803 and physical as 0.882.

Based on the findings from Table (9), all socio-cultural, functional-functional, movement-access, economic, aesthetic, and physical indicators (independent variable) have a significant relationship with the pedestrian-oriented dependent variable, and according to the indicators, socio-cultural with (0.615) and aesthetic index with (0.523), movement-access index with (0.316), economic index with (0.225), physical with (0.209) and Functional-functional with standard coefficient (0.192) have the most to the least effect on the dependent variable (insufficiency of spatial quality of the arch path) (pedestrian axis). Therefore, according to the coefficient of determination (2R), all the examined indicators affect the mediating variable of the spatial quality of the Ark sidewalk and the pedestrian-oriented dependent variable, and it can be said that the dependent variable is affected by the indicators of the independent variable, and the beta value also indicates The direct relationship of spatial quality indicators is on the dependent variable (pedestrian). As a result, the higher the value of Beta and T the smaller the significance level is (0.05). The independent variable (social-cultural, functional-functional, movement-access, economic, aesthetic, and physical) has a greater effect on the mediating variable of the spatial quality of the sidewalk and the dependent variable (pedestrian-oriented). According to the results of the research, it can be concluded that the most effective in terms of the spatial quality of Tabriz’s Ark pedestrian, directly and indirectly, is related to the socio-cultural index with a direct effect of 0.615 and an indirect effect of 0.313 and a total effect of 0.928. Therefore, in improving the spatial quality and solving the inadequacy of the spatial quality in the Tabriz Ark pedestrian walkway, to be pedestrian-oriented and pedestrian-orientated, social and cultural indicators should be paid attention to create suitable conditions for the presence of more people and users and more social interactions. It is on the sidewalk, which will bring life to the urban space since the Ark sidewalk is pedestrian-oriented. The least effects of inadequacy, both directly and indirectly, are related to the functional-performance index with a direct effect of 0.217 an indirect effect of 0.101, and a total effect of 0.318. Therefore, in the next priorities, the pedestrian center is placed to improve the spatial quality of the Ark sidewalk.

According to the results of the research, it can be said that one of the appropriate methods to encourage pedestrian-oriented pedestrians is to categorize the spectrum of users of sidewalks and consider their needs, for example, children, and young people. , adults, elderly, users in small cities or big cities, users in the upper and lower parts of the city, etc. Finally, the design of high-quality spatial sidewalks, although they require a lot of investment, in the long run, will reduce costs, reduce pollution, and reduce the mental and physical health of people in society.

Introduction :

The city of Tabriz is one of the tourism hubs of the northwest region and the main tourism center of East Azerbaijan province. Tabriz, with its beautiful and eye - catching nature, cultural places, and historical buildings, has great potential for tourism development and every year many tourists from different parts of the country come to this city for sightseeing and entertainment. Therefore, the necessity of creating the historical - cultural texture of Tabriz and helping the integrated development of this city requires a different approach, among which we can mention the development of tourism with the ultimate goal of  - creating the different historical textures of this city. The existence of various attractions without considering the cultural industries and the development of important and influential urban components cannot lead to the development of tourism in Tabriz. In this way, the future field of this research is to examine the main factors affecting the development of urban tourism, which have been undervalued in past plans and research and only seek to create the use of attractions to strengthen the role of historical texture and revitalization. The worn texture of different areas of the city has been; Therefore, their results have not been able to use the opportunities, funds, and historical - cultural capabilities of the city to recreate it and, therefore, develop the city’s tourism, and as a result of the regression of economic - social conditions, living quality, and other physical and social disorders. and prevent the economy of the city; Therefore, the research question is, what are the effective factors for the development of cultural heritage tourism in the historical texture of Tabriz city?

This article investigates the potential of urban regeneration through tourism based on cultural heritage in the historical and cultural texture of Tabriz city with a case study approach. Like other case studies, this review was conducted with more than one source, including library sources, field studies, and also semi - structured interviews, conducted with 19 experts. The statistical population of the interviewees included urban experts, obtained by theoretical saturation in the interview process. The sample was divided into three different categories: to discover the potential areas of research, the statements of the interviewees were classified, and through qualitative content analysis to extract the strategic factors of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of the case Analysis was done. To prioritize the strategies obtained from the SWOT analysis, the experts’ opinions were analyzed by collecting questionnaires and using the analytical network process (ANP) model with the help of Super Decision software to score the extracted items. It was analyzed through qualitative content analysis to extract the strategic factors of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). In the next step, the SWOT matrix was expanded by organizing the internal and external strategic factors that are the main foundation of the development strategy. To prioritize the strategies obtained from the SWOT analysis, experts’ opinions were analyzed through questionnaires and using the Analytical Network Process (ANP) model with the help of Super Decision software to score the extracted items. The main advantage of this approach is the influence of prioritized internal and external factors in alternative strategies for urban regeneration and tourism development. ANP is a commonly used criteria decision-making method, which performs pairwise comparisons between factors to prioritize them using an eigenvalue calculation approach. The purpose of using ANP in the SWOT framework was to systematically evaluate SWOT factors and equalize their intensity.

According to the results of the SWOT analysis, the most important limitations are the lack of a comprehensive tool for cultural policy (0.0182), the lack of sustainable financial resources for cultural activities, and tourism facilities (0.0114), the decrease in the quality of Tabriz carpets. (0.0153), and reducing the quality of spaces related to cultural events and ceremonies (0.0134). The most important opportunities are the use of historical monuments as centers of social and cultural events (0.0629), the revival of the carpet weaving industry (0.0554), and the revival of local ceremonies and local music (0.0411). The most important disadvantages and weaknesses are the competition for carpet production by other countries (0.0411) and the destruction of public spaces, such as part of the historical textures of the bazaar, and the destruction of historical monuments such as Alisha’s castle and citadel (0.0244). The most important strengths are the historical monuments such as the historical market, the fortress, and the Alisha citadel (0.07070). To develop strategies, external opportunities, and internal strengths were used, and strategies were tried to reduce external threats and internal weaknesses. Based on the SWOT table, the resulting strategies were prioritized using the amp model in the Super Decision software. The findings indicate that defensive strategies (WT) with a weight of 0.0575 have the highest priority in reducing the city’s vulnerability. Following these strategies, there are attack strategies (SO), revision strategies (WO), and diversification strategies (ST).

Tourism development, if done purposefully, causes regeneration in the historical texture of Tabriz. Due to the existence of many historical attractions in the historical texture of Tabriz and the potential to attract tourists, the strengthening and revitalization of tourist centers can be the driving engine of urban regeneration in this area. It should be mentioned that if tourism development in this texture is not targeted, it will destroy the texture structure, crowding traffic, and the comfort of the residents. To realize urban regeneration for the development of cultural heritage tourism in the historical texture of the city of Tabriz, six implementation policies can be considered, which include: 1. Preparation of approved regulations for the protection of historical cultural tissues of Tabriz city 2. Urban design with the renewal of urban life in the historical cultural textures of Tabriz city3. Supporting tourist and historical attractions by strengthening investment and determining appropriate uses in the city of Tabriz 4. Avoid extensive physical interventions and emphasize the protection of the unity of the physical and social structural system in the historical cultural texture of Tabriz city.5. Renewing the economic life of cultural and historical areas in Tabriz. 6. Planning the protection and revitalization of individual buildings, collections, areas, and historical areas of Tabriz city.

Introduction :

In this research, the issue of the resilience of socio-economic characteristics in informal settlements in Tabriz emphasizes urban challenges. Therefore, the challenges of Tabriz city in terms of informal settlements are characterized by the lack of urban open spaces, high cost of living, insufficient infrastructure, and poor housing quality. To achieve the goal of this research, infrastructures are considered as physical, socio-economic, and environmental facilities created for effective and efficient performance in urban contexts. The issues related to informal settlements in this research are based on the definition of the United Nations, which in 2006 defined it as “areas that have a geographical space with a function lower than the standard of planning required in cities. The standards adopted for planning Vary from country to country. Therefore, standardized planning in this article is related to the context of the study area. Also, this definition includes housing with evidence of substandard housing, degraded and damaged environmental conditions, the random arrangement of buildings with nested passages, and the creation of places for crime from a social point of view. Considering the global perspective of these challenges (poor infrastructure and low quality of life in informal settlements) and their potential in all countries of the world, this study deals with the evaluation of the socio-economic characteristics in response to urban resilience in informal settlements according to the understanding of the existing situation and the inadequacy of infrastructure in such neighborhoods in the city of Tabriz.

This study uses the case study method, in which the informal settlements of Tabriz city were examined. Experts and interviewers were selected from the neighborhood residents to collect data and study the research. The triangulation method was used for data collection. Data collection is through two or more approaches, which is necessary for the study to confirm and strengthen the collected data. The method of data triangulation in this research is that the information collection strategy includes primary sources of data collection and secondary sources of data collection with more than one approach (qualitative and quantitative data collection). The primary sources of data collection were identification survey, observation, and indirect (unstructured) interaction with residents and selected experts. Also, 383 structured questionnaires (383 questionnaires) were implemented in the informal settlements of Tabriz city, and 370 questionnaires were analyzed. For better understanding, an online questionnaire was implemented with experts, and 30 questionnaires were analyzed for this study. The secondary sources of data adopted include the review of texts related to the content and context related to the texts related to the focus of the research. This serves as a platform for the research concepts, data collection, and analysis used in this study. The data were analyzed using a mixed method (quantitative and qualitative method of data analysis). The quantitative method includes the structural equation analysis method with second-order confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis. In contrast, the qualitative method consists of pages and descriptive tools used to interpret interviews. The data were analyzed, and the results of the findings were integrated to reflect the socio-economic characteristics of informal settlements in terms of resilience in the study area. Socio-economic factors and resilience of informal settlements were determined, and suggestions were made based on those characteristics. This research was conducted to extract specific and general knowledge of the strength of Tabriz city, especially the informal settlements of Tabriz city, about informal settlement and socio-economic planning.

The results of the analysis of the research data indicate that the characteristics of trust in the people of the neighborhood in the face of crises by the residents of informal settlements and the desire to participate and form various institutions in these areas have a mutual relationship with the socio-economic components of the people. Therefore, achieving economic resources and social values on one hand and socio-economic structures on the other will promote resilience in informal settlements and, as a result, provide social resilience. Realizing these indicators significantly increases people’s self-confidence, the ability to solve problems in times of crisis, create different solutions, and improve their self-efficacy. Also, proper planning in the personal and social dimensions of informal settlements, by empowering them, can improve people’s resilience against problems and crises, improve individual efficiency, reduce stress and anxiety when accidents occur, and increase cooperative spirit to overcome various issues.

This study recommends the following and concludes: 1. The government should consider building strength and housing plans in the informal settlements of Tabriz city. to accommodate the large population of low-income citizens. 2. Local management should adopt a comprehensive design approach as much as possible; the local government should educate the people (citizens) well and create a better awareness and sensitivity to what currently exists in their residence. Slow Also, the role and benefits of the people (citizens) and the government should be clearly stated to achieve a comprehensive design and the success of the projects started about the informal settlements of Tabriz city. 3. Also, existing policies on criteria for achieving some of the government’s public housing regulations should be reviewed with the Citizens’ Participation Forum (informal settlements). This situation seems ridiculous from the point of view of the interviewees, and it is even assumed to be part of the origin of notoriety. Because people believe that to reach such standards, a person must be inferior. Therefore, the allocation condition should not be presented or created in such a way as to create injustice. 4. Public education and enlightenment should also be done to avoid defaming the occupiers of public housing in the informal settlements of Tabriz city. 5. Economic policy reforms should also be done to encourage equal economic development or at least reduce the gap between the rich and the poor in terms of the country’s economic output.

The rapid growth of urbanization, due to the inability to accept reasonable legal limits, has led the flow of residence to the edge of the city and causes the formation of illegal settlements. Therefore, informal settlement is not a temporary issue with limited dimensions and there is an agreement on its survival, reproduction and expansion which is a sign of the inadequacy of the current urban development policies and it requires new approaches and measures. Based on this, the empowerment model aims to achieve the necessary improvement in these settlements with the participation and trust-building and the use of urban renovation and improvement methods, the creation of a sound economic infrastructure and the elimination of material poverty in the shade of the cooperation and participation of the beneficiaries. This research is of a descriptive-analytical type with an applied purpose, and the information was obtained in the field using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population was the residents of Ipekchiler neighborhood in Tabriz city and the sample size was estimated to be 232 people based on Cochran's formula. One-way ANOVA, one-sample T-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the variables and indicators. To measure the variables in the questionnaire, a five-level Likert scale was used. The findings show that among the empowerment indicators, none of them are higher than the average limit of 3 in the Likert scale. the neighborhood of Ipkechilar In terms of physical and access (2/16), economic (2/63), social participation (2/95), empowerment (2.96) and management indices (2/22), it obtained. The result indicates that the current mechanism for planning this inferior and informal neighborhood in the above dimensions, to improve the urban space for the life of the residents, shows to be unsuccessful and ineffective. Therefore, in order to increase citizens' participation and the practical realization of the empowerment strategy, it is necessary for city officials to provide a high ground for citizens' participation In this case, the implementation of the empowerment strategy leads to the improvement of the needed structures and institutions in the economic, social, and physical fields in the neighborhood of Ipakechilar.

The present study raised the issue of satisfaction with physical-spatial indicators of sustainability in the degree of satisfaction and loyalty of residents to the city, and the importance of sustainability indicators from the perspective of citizens and the performance of the city in their objective and subjective determination were investigated. The statistical population is the central population of Tabriz metropolis and the sample size was estimated to be 384 people. Questionnaires were analyzed using IPA and SEM methods. Considering the network analysis in the IPA method and specifying the priorities and importance and performance of the indicators, the findings were synchronized and analyzed using structural equations. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) fit indices, such as chi-square statistic (x2/FD) = 2.365, goodness of fit index (GFI = 0.961), comparative fit index (CFI = 0.972), fit index smoothed (NFI=0.936), Tucker-Lewis index (Tli=0.959), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA=0.029), and root mean square of standardized data (SRMR=0.035) was obtained. The value of RMSEA is less than 0.1, which indicates a very good fit of the model. The results show that resident satisfaction mediates the relationship between perceived overall performance and resident loyalty; the relationship between perceived overall importance and resident loyalty is mediated by perceived overall performance and resident satisfaction, and sustainable city performance increases people's understanding of sustainable development and increases people's understanding of sustainable development and residents' loyalty to the place of residence. The result was presented in the form of strategies in five content areas (access system, physical-spatial, landscape, activity and performance organization and urban use) and three procedural areas (legal, economic and urban management).

Urbanization is a socio-spatial process that is directly related to the expansion of urban areas and the growth of urban population. Developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom have already completed their urbanization processes. The urban spatial structure has a significant effect on the sustainable development of cities. One of the important stages of urban spatial structure analysis is the identification of urban centers.

 This research is of applied type and was done in Tabriz city in 1402. The data collection method is library and document. The investigated indicators included educational centers, banks, health centers, offices, sports venues, commercial centers, green spaces, tourist places, religious places, military places and parking lots in Tabriz city. After preparing the urban blocks and the desired data, the prepared information was added to all the urban blocks of Tabriz in ArcGIS software. Then, based on expert opinions, the appropriate range of distances from the desired facilities was determined using a 5-point Likert scale. In this research, the network analysis method was used to identify the central cores of the city.

According to the results of network analysis, the city had two big central cores in the city center and 2 sub-cores around the city. The final result was that the city of Tabriz was forming the next nuclei and becoming a multi-nuclear city.

The expansion of urbanization and the interaction of people with urban public spaces, the quality of life of city dwellers is tied to the quality of urban spaces. Thus, it is necessary that all different parts of a city have equal access to high quality services. However, tensions regarding the quality of public spaces can be seen in different areas of cities, which may affect spatial justice and create different experiences of urban life for residents of different areas of a city. The information required for this research, which is descriptive-analytical, has been collected by questionnaires based on random selection. Questionnaires are divided into 2 main sections including personal information and questions related to research variables. Physical infrastructure, accessibility, cultural conditions and objective and subjective security are the variables of this research. The data from the questionnaires were analyzed using hot spot analysis and Moran's index in ARC GIS software version 10.7. The results show that there is a significant difference between the quality of different regions of Tabriz city, so that region 2, 5 and 1 are known as the highest quality regions and region 8, 10, 4 and 6 are the lowest quality regions of Tabriz city from the residents' point of view.

Introduction :

The increase in the urban population, the expansion of industries, and the consequent diversity of activities and population, as a result of the rapid physical changes of the city, changed the previous equations governing the spatial organization of cities. The city faced new and often unknown issues and problems in the environmental, social, economic, and physical fields. Confront with. One of the most important changes in the physical and social fields has been the emergence of the phenomenon of informal settlement as a spatial crystallization of urban poverty and the lack of urban management planning for the huge flood of migrant population, especially rural-urban migrants, which in third world countries and especially our country Iran in 60 It has been created in recent years. The city of Tabriz is the center of economic, commercial, and cultural exchanges in the northwest of the country and is the sixth-largest city in the country in terms of population. The importance and historical-cultural status of this city are not hidden from anyone, and history is proof of the 3500-year civilization background of this city. The existence of such potential has always led Tabriz to be one of the most immigrant-friendly cities in the country. This increase in population, especially in the past 50 years, led to the rapid spatial development of the city due to the lack of planning and cultural and political developments in the country, which took the form of the vast development of informal settlements in the northern parts. And the south of the city appeared. The adjacency of a significant part of the informal settlements of Tabriz city with historically valuable structures such as Yousef Abad-Abbasi neighborhoods (adjacent to Rabe Rashidi), historical neighborhoods of Maralan, Sheshgolan, Aref, Taleghani, Doh Chi, Sorkhab, etc. shows high cultural-historical potentials.

The present research is part of applied research in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical research in terms of method. Considering that this research examines the factors influencing the re-creation of base culture in informal settlements from the point of view of specialists and experts in this field, the statistical sample in this research consists of 40 regional and national experts in the researched field using the snowball method and Experts have been identified and selected. The most important research tool is the questionnaire made by the researcher. Also, to analyze the research data, as needed, a variety of statistical methods and models, including Bartlett’s test, KMO, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, etc., have been used in SPSS, Amos, and SmartPLS software. The research questionnaire consists of 49 items based on the objectives and theoretical foundations of the research, and the questions are designed based on the 5-point Likert scale. The research process generally consists of two stages: exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, the first stage and the second stage the theoretical model of the research is first validated using exploratory factor analysis, and after confirming the model, using confirmatory factor analysis of factor loadings. It is determined.

Based on the findings of the research, the effective factors in re-creating the base culture in the informal settlements in the south of Tabriz city were divided into 4 social, cultural, economic, and infrastructure indicators. Among these indicators; the Social index explains 41%, the cultural index 27%, the economic index 11%, and the infrastructure index 7% of the total variance. Among the social factors, the security index has a factor load of 969. The highest index of the rights of ethnic minorities with a factor load of 567. They have the lowest factor load among the indicators. According to experts, providing security in informal settlement contexts, which are constantly facing numerous threats in terms of social security due to migration, is one of the effective factors in recreating the basic culture in informal settlement contexts. All cultural and executive activities can be implemented in a safe environment, and for this reason, the factor of security can be introduced as one of the most important drivers of re-creating the base culture in the contexts of informal settlements in Tabriz city. Among the cultural factors, the factor of holding cultural events with 839. It has the highest factor load among cultural indicators. One of the most important tools for branding cultural products in informal settlement contexts is holding cultural events and introducing the cultural-artistic potential of these contexts, which has been chosen as the chosen factor by experts due to the importance of the mentioned factor. On the other hand, tourist guidance agents with 399. It had the lowest factor load among cultural factors. It seems that ensuring the prerequisites of cultural tourism, such as branding of tangible and intangible cultural products, is preferable to guiding tourists, and this is not a reason for the lack of importance of the tourism factor in recreating the culture based on the informal settlement contexts of Tabriz city. In a general summary, we can conclude that there is a significant difference between the identified factors. The results show that the social index with a factor load of 0.862 and a total average of 3.43 ranks first, the cultural index with a factor load of 0.913 and a total average of 2.6 ranks second, an infrastructure index with a factor load of 0.959 and a total average of 2. 11 as the third rank and economic index with a factor load of 0.933 and a total average of 1.86 have won the fourth rank of factors affecting the regeneration of informal settlements in Tabriz metropolis with the approach of culture as the basis.

The results of this research introduced four effective social, cultural, infrastructural, and economic factors as key and effective drivers in the regeneration of the informal settlement context of Tabriz city, and the next part specifies the importance of cultural planning in the regeneration of informal settlement contexts. The investigation of the background of the research shows that most of the previous research has investigated the issue of recreating the base culture with a review approach or a future research approach, but the present research, in addition to its comprehensive and systematic methodological approach, is based on the method of exploratory factor analysis and two-stage confirmatory factor analysis; He looks at this issue with a new theoretical perspective and tries to protect and revive informal settlement contexts by adopting a cultural approach (based culture) and values the preservation of the historical-cultural identity of informal settlement contexts as the most important strategy in recreating the context of informal settlement settlements.

Introduction :

Along with the natural growth of the population, the role of immigration has caused the excessive and uneven development of the population of big cities. In general, migration as a social phenomenon has many consequences, most of which have negative or disorderly repercussions, and it disrupts the balance of the system, which is “informal settlement” and, as a result, increases cultural, economic, physical, institutional, and biological damages. The environment is one of these cases. In the meantime, the metropolis of Tabriz is a target point in the geography of Iran, and the center of gravity of the population is not exempt from this the increase in population growth and immigration especially in the 1350s, has caused not only the phenomenon of urbanization and the formation of informal settlements in It becomes a common thing around it, but the villages and cities located around it are affected by this phenomenon. Since 2015, there have been no official statistics on the number of informal settlements in the country. In Tabriz, over 400 thousand people live in informal settlements. Idelou neighborhood in Tabriz city is considered one of the informal settlements that houses 25126 people. Also, since the results of the studies regarding the feeling of security in the informal settlement areas are very important in the planning and adopted policies the results are wrong and inaccurate. On the other hand, the plans made do not achieve the desired result. Therefore, a comprehensive and detailed investigation of the vulnerability factors of urban security and the formation of sustainable security in ideal informal settlements in Tabriz city will be a very important step in solving their needs and problems. In this regard, the main importance of this research is in the comprehensive and internal investigation of the causes of the vulnerability of sustainable security and the phenomenon of security in the Idalo neighborhood, which is an informal settlement in Tabriz city. Because it seems that in many cases, the studies conducted have not investigated the phenomenon internally. Considering the importance and necessity of paying attention to sustainable security in informal settlements, the main goal of this research is to explain and analyze the pathology of sustainable security in the Id - Halo neighborhood. For this reason, the present research seeks to answer the question, which components and indicators have the most and the least impact on sustainable security in Tabriz’s ideal neighborhood in terms of vulnerability?

 The method of this research is qualitative - quantitative in terms of its descriptive - exploratory nature, and terms of its purpose, it is considered part of applied research, and it is survey research in terms of collecting information. The statistical population includes two groups: experts and residents of the Idelou neighborhood of Tabriz, which is equal to 25126 people. A sample size of 20 experts was selected. In expert - oriented research, there is no limit in choosing the sample size. The sample size of the residents of Tabriz’s Ideal neighborhood is 378 using Cochran’s formula. The samples were selected randomly. In the qualitative part, the Foundation’s data method was used, which was analyzed using MAXQDA software and coding of research variables in three steps open, central, and selective coding. Then, in the quantitative part, a questionnaire tool was used to collect data, and a five- choice Likert scale was used for measurement. After the above steps, the data was categorized. For this purpose, structural equations with exploratory factor analysis method were used. Then, second-order confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm the extracted factors and data analysis was done in the environment of SPSS and Amos software.

To identify the effective factors and components of vulnerability and sustainable security in the informal settlements of Tabriz city, first through qualitative analysis and semi - in- depth structural interviews with experts and their analysis and coding, the four main environmental, physical, economic and social dimensions - cultural, nine indicators, among which the environmental component includes two indicators of visual quality, green space and transportation, which includes 12 sub - indices, the physical component has two main indicators of access to basic services and the quality of access, housing, facilities and infrastructure services with 23 sub - indices, the component Economic with two main indicators of employment and income with 11 sub - indices and socio - cultural component with three main indicators of public education, personal and social security and place belonging and 17 sub - indices and a total of 63 sub - indices. In the quantitative part, according to the quantitative findings from the structural equations, it was found that among the four dimensions identified and investigated, the indicators of the socio - cultural dimension with a direct effect of 0.486 and an indirect effect of 0.252 have the highest effect on sustainable security. Tabriz city has an ideal informal settlement in terms of pathology. After that, respectively, the physical dimension with a direct effect of 0.398 and an indirect effect of 0.201, an economic dimension with a direct effect of 0.219 and an indirect effect of 0.143, and finally the environmental dimension with a direct effect of 0.198 and an indirect effect. 0.101 has been effective in the sustainable security of the informal settlement of Tabriz city from the point of view of pathology.

 The informal settlements of Tabriz city, especially the ideal neighborhood of Tabriz, have not been developed in recent years due to having the necessary infrastructure, but as they should and perhaps in terms of sustainable urban security, to maintain the population and avoid severe migrations. To prevent the influx of alcoholics in this neighborhood. Therefore, all factors have joined hands. To provide sustainable urban security at a low level. As a result, the spatial order, planning, and design of the informal settlement of Tabriz’s ideal neighborhood is strongly influenced by the debates related to environmental conditions and crime, disorder, and insecurity. According to the findings of the research, to reduce vulnerability and improve stable security in the informal settlement of Tabriz’s ideal neighborhood, special attention should be paid to four environmental, physical, economic, and socio- cultural dimensions, because achieving stable security in Tabriz’s ideal neighborhood is part of paying attention to These four dimensions are not possible and will not be.

without knowledge and understanding of demographic changes and structures, one cannot make decisions and choose appropriate policies, strategies and solutions in the field of spatial justice and urban planning. The purpose of this research is to investigate the distribution of service uses in Tabriz metropolis with regard to population distribution and structure.

First, using the nearest neighbor method, the situation of the type of distribution of services and facilities has been examined, and then 12 layers of information about the uses of Tabriz city have been examined using the fuzzy gamma method, and finally, the results of the fuzzy gamma have been compared with the population distribution of Tabriz city.

The results showed that among the 10 regions of Tabriz, region 10 is the least privileged and region 1 is the most privileged. In the end, population distribution has been compared with the amount of wealth, and it was found that the population of 0 to 14 years has the highest percentage of wealth (35.44 percent), and on the other hand, the population over 65 years has the lowest wealth with 21.10 percent.

The elderly population over 65 years of age in Tabriz live in areas that have fewer facilities and urban services available to them than other population groups; Therefore, it can be concluded that the elderly population is more marginalized in order to access urban services and facilities, and it is the younger population that has better access to services and facilities.

Today, quality of life is one of the most significant areas of research in urban planning. Its increasing influence on other urban characteristics, such as creativity in cities, makes it an effective tool in planning. Creative cities are centers that encompass unique features and provide an attractive environment for the activities and lives of professionals, artists, researchers, and, broadly speaking, creative individuals. This study aims to analyze the impact of quality of life components on the realization of a creative city in Tabriz. Therefore, the research is applied in nature and employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling and path analysis through the PLS software, which determined the impact and interrelationship of components. For sampling, experts and elites were chosen using an accessible method based on scientific experience, willingness, and capability to participate in the research. To assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, both the formal and construct (factor) validity methods, as well as Cronbach’s alpha test, were utilized. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the two constructs was obtained above 0.7, indicating desirable convergent validity of the questionnaire. The results show that all factor loadings exceed 0.5, which is a very acceptable scale for calculating latent variables in the model. Among the components, the physical-environmental component with a coefficient of 0.367, the urban facilities component with a coefficient of 0.312, and the socio-cultural component with a coefficient of 0.292 have the greatest impact on enhancing creativity in the metropolitan area of Tabriz. Conversely, the accessibility component with a coefficient of 0.241 and the economic component with a weight of 0.136 have the least impact on fostering creativity in the city.

Introduction :

Today, participation in social, political, cultural, and even psychological forms has attracted the attention of policymakers, because participation can improve the quality of society’s development, and even more so the quality of life of citizens and the excellence of human growth and development. Participation of citizens in urban renewal projects can be effective in providing economic resources, reducing service costs, increasing social cohesion, reducing damages and tensions caused by urban life, and satisfying citizens. Therefore, the participation of citizens in the renovation of worn-out urban tissues can lead to the improvement of the quality of worn-out tissues and bring satisfaction to the citizens. One of the cities of Iran that suffers from the problems caused by dilapidated structures is Tabriz city, which has accepted dilapidated neighborhoods in its structure over time. After the Tehran metropolis, Tabriz ranks second in terms of the area of worn-out tissue in the country, and 44% of the total area of worn-out tissue in East Azarbaijan province is located in Tabriz city. The worn-out structures occupy one-fifth of the total area of Tabriz city, about 2530 hectares. According to the latest estimates, about 500 thousand citizens live in these contexts. The population of several hundreds of thousands of people living in these areas suffers from the insecurity of their settlements on the one hand, and on the other hand, due to financial poverty and the nature of the environment around their place of residence, it is not possible to renovate it without the support and help of others. do not have Today, this city has about 28 dilapidated neighborhoods. Renovation of these tissues is not possible without taking into account the socio-economic characteristics of the residents of these neighborhoods and their participation. Finally, the question of the current research is raised as follows: What are the factors that affect the participation of citizens in the renovation of worn-out structures in Tabriz city? 

This research is applied and developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. The considered statistical population includes 767 license plates with their owners who have renovated them within the worn-out structures of Tabriz city. The size of the selected sample was based on Morgan’s table, which was equal to 167 license plates with 167 owners who were randomly selected. Table (2) was prepared through the statistics provided by the renovation organization and the authors’ field observations. The variables of this research are considered in connection with people’s participation in the renovation of the worn-out fabric of the studied area using a five-point Likert scale. SPSS software was used for data analysis. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially, and according to the type of data, descriptive tests of central dispersion indices (mean, mode, and median) and dispersion indices (range of changes, variance, and standard deviation) were used. has been About the inferential analysis, the multivariate linear regression method was used. For the validity of the questions, face validity was used Cronbach’s alpha was used for reliability, and the reliability of the data was 0.86. Considering that the reliability of the data was higher than 0.7. Therefore, the data has high reliability. 

The findings of the research show that standard and non-standard coefficients have been presented for independent variables (residence history, cooperative spirit, degree of belonging, willingness to participate in improvement and renovation, and willingness to settle) and dependent variables (citizens’ participation in the renovation of dilapidated structures). According to the significance test of the coefficients, it is concluded that the variable of belongingness of the residents of the neighborhoods with the standard coefficient has a significant effect on the citizen’s participation in the renovation of the worn-out fabric (Vijoyeh, Bahar, Karamelk, Baranj, Shams-Tabrizi, and Manjem neighborhoods) of Tabriz city. And the degree of solidarity and cooperative spirit with a standard coefficient of 0.394 and willingness to participate in improvement and renovation with a standard coefficient of 0.125 has no significant effect on the dependent variable of citizens’ participation in the renovation of the dilapidated fabric of the studied neighborhoods in Tabriz city. Also, according to Table (12), except for the variables of solidarity and cooperative spirit with a coefficient of determination of 0.133, i.e. 13% of the variance, and the desire to participate in the improvement with a coefficient of determination of 0.141, i.e. 14% of the variance of the dependent variable of citizens’ participation in fabric renewal. They did not foresee the deterioration in the neighborhoods of Tabriz and it had no effect. However, the rest of the variables (residence history, citizens’ belongingness, desire to live) have influenced and predicted the dependent variable of citizens’ participation in the renovation of worn-out fabric. Among all predictor variables, the variable of belongingness with a coefficient of determination of 0.836, explains 83.6% of the variance of citizens’ participation in the renovation of the worn-out fabric of Tabriz city in the studied neighborhoods. Finally, the coefficient of determination (R2) is equal to 0.751, which shows that 75.1% of the variance variable of citizens’ participation in the renovation of the dilapidated fabric of Tabriz city has five independent variables (residence record, cooperative spirit, degree of belonging, willingness to participate in the matter of improvement and renovation and willingness to settle) explains that it is a significant amount. 

The investigations carried out in the research show that among the most important effective factors in people’s participation are the increase in people’s sense of belonging about the improvement of worn-out structures, the residence history of the residents of the studied neighborhoods, the desire to live and the residents’ long-term stay, the desire He pointed to the participation in the improvement and renovation and the solidarity and the sense of participation of the residents from the methods of participation in the field of improvement of the worn-out fabric. Absence or lack of cultural-social public formations in the target neighborhood, lack of special funds for the development of dilapidated structures, lack of access to the central structure of the neighborhood from all parts of the city, lack of timely and accurate information from the government about the methods of improvement and reconstruction of dilapidated structures. , the failure to hold discussion meetings between the officials and the people regarding the improvement of structures, the lack of financial ability of the residents to repay the facilities, the lack of awareness of the residents about the special facilities for the improvement of dilapidated structures, the high cost of building materials and construction are some of the most important factors that prevent the realization The participation of the people takes place, and a part of them goes back to the managers and the other part goes back to the social and economic conditions of the people. Also, based on the results obtained, the citizens’ participation in improving and renovating the dilapidated fabric of the studied neighborhoods of Tabriz city is evaluated to be smaller than the average, so the citizens’ participation in the improvement and renovating the dilapidated fabric of the studied neighborhoods is not at an appropriate level.

Over the past two decades, the expansion of Shahrebeez to the surrounding areas has caused the destruction of resources and environmental problems, including the disruption of the ecological balance, the increase in service costs, the construction of unsuitable land, the aggravation of air pollution, and the lack of attention to existing worn-out structures and progressing trends. Previously, environmental quality has been reduced. The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in urban land use of Tabriz with satellite images to determine the nature and intensity of these changes and in which directions and in which cases they are more so that a solution to these problems can be considered. In this research, land use changes in Tabriz city in three periods (2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020) were investigated using multi-temporal data of Landsat satellite images in ENVI 5.8 software, and the results were analyzed in Arc GIS 10.2 software. And its results were produced in the form of a map. The obtained results show that the lands built during the period of 20 cases of Matala, from 30% in 2000 to 0.53 in 2020, which has increased by 23.0% in this 2020 year. Undeveloped land has also reached 0.42 in 2020 from 62.00 in 2000, which has gone through a significant decrease and changes in the last 20 years and has decreased by 0.19. Vegetation uses have decreased from 11.0% during the studied 20-year period to 4% in 2020.

In recent years, the new media have been playing a central role in shaping the actions of teenagers, so that they have become an effective factor in maintaining social order or creating criminal behaviors. In the meantime, along with the increase in the use of new media, the discussion of media literacy has also gained special importance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to study the relationship between media literacy and tendency to delinquent behaviors among high school students. So, 390 students of Tabriz city were selected multistage cluster sampling method. The data was collected taking surveying method and using a researcher-made questionnaire. The findings indicated that there is no significant difference between tendency to delinquent behaviors and gender and type of school. However, there is a significant difference between tendency to delinquent behaviors among students and their location or area of residence. Tendency to delinquent behaviors among respondents living in low-income areas is more than those living in semi-privileged and privileged areas. There is a significant negative correlation between the socio-economic status of students' families and students' media literacy with tendency to delinquent behaviors (-0.27) and (-0.33), respectively. Through applying structural equation modeling using Amos software, it was found that socio-economic status of families (-0.30) and media literacy (-0.33) affect students' tendency toward delinquent behaviors.

The purpose of the present study is to assess the land surface temperature in relation to landuse for the city of Tabriz using remote sensing technology and GIS. Landsat 8 satellite image was used to map the land surface temperature for the study area. Atmospheric correction was applied to the desired image using the FLAASH method and the land surface temperature was estimated using the split-window algorithm for the study area with an accuracy of 1.51 degrees. Landuse map of Tabriz city in 6 classes was obtained using the object-based approach in eCognition software with an accuracy of 90/03. The results of studying the relationship between land surface temperature and landuse indicate that agricultural lands with a temperature of 18.22 °C have the highest land surface temperature. Also, water areas (rivers) have the lowest (10.30 °C) land surface temperature, because of their radiant power close to one. The research results also indicate that the split-window algorithm provides reliable results for land surface temperature estimation that can be used in environmental studies and earth sciences.