جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "analytical hierarchy process (a.h.p.)" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

With the growth of population and urbanization, the urban managers are concerned with optimal waste management besides problems such as traffics, various types of pollutions, slums, etc. Nowadays the development of cities, growth of income average and welfare of society, and accelerated social and economic developments in the countries have led to a rapid increase in waste production, and a change in the consumption pattern resulted in a change in the quality of solid waste.

Site Selection for the Waste Landfills the City of Eyvan-e Gharb.

In the present study, the required maps and information were collected from various resources and transformed into data layers to be used in the ArcGIS software environment with respect to the effective factors in site selection. AHP was employed as a decision-making technique due to its prevalent and effective application for assessing the suitability for landfill.

Studied Areas: 

The city of Eyvan location falls at 33° 50' N, 46° 20'.

The Criteria for this study are as follows: Land use, soil type and land capability, quality and depth of groundwater, geology, the intensity of rainfall, heights, grading, distance from the city, distance from the village, distance from the fault, distance from the river, distance from the road, distance from power transition lines, distance from well and fountain, distance from protected areas.

The most suitable location included 7.98% of the area of the region.

Floods, as natural and unexpected events, have occurred frequently in recent decades. To reduce the damages caused by floods and flood management, it is mandatory to assess the possibility of danger and prepare maps of possible danger zones. In recent decades, many destructive floods have occurred in the Nakarod catchment. Because of this, to manage floods, reduce damages, and properly use water resources, the flood potential of the sub-basins of the Nakarod catchment has been studied. Neka River is 176 km long, and it is one of the important rivers of Mazandaran province and one of the catchments of the Caspian Sea. In this research, to prepare a map of the sensitivity of the sub-basins to the flood risk of the basin, 11 influencing parameters have been used, which includes elevation, slope, distance from drainage network, drainage density, flow accumulation, rainfall, land-use, geology, stream power index, topographic wetness index and curvature of the topography. The layers were weighted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP); and eventually, by using the weighted linear combination method in ArcGIS software, the standardized layers were multiplied by the corresponding weight, and then the results of all the variables were added and accumulated together, and the final sensitivity map was divided into five classes. The results of the research indicate that flood sensitivity is different in the sub-basins of the Neka RiverAmong the effective environmental factors in flooding, the elevation and stream density were the most influential factors in the flood risk of the Neka catchment.

As the most basic social institution and an emotional unit, the family plays a significant role in the social health of any countries. Efforts to strengthen the couple's bond and the relationships within this system provide moral health and general prosperity. However, this relationship has undergone various changes over time and the ups and downs of life, which leave major results. One of the most important results is marital conflict. After a long period of conflict, couples face the stage of hatred and then the state of indifference, which is the last stage of emotional relationships between men and women, and ultimately leads to emotional divorce. This type of divorce refers to a situation, in which the emotional relationship, support, passion, warmth, attention, love, and intimacy between the couple decrease. Emotional divorce is one of the most important family injuries that cause personal, family, and social collapse so that the effects of this tense situation sometimes remain for a long time. Despite the frequency of emotional divorce, this type of divorce is still an unknown phenomenon and it is referred to as the temporary stage of official divorce in many scientific studies. In recent years, official reports and statistics have indicated an increase in the divorce rate in Tehran. According to experts, the share of emotional divorce is more than official divorce. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the drivers of emotional divorce between couples. In this regard, this study aimed to provide a framework for identifying and evaluating the drivers of emotional divorce among Tehranian couples based on the experts’ views. 

This research was an applied research in terms of purpose and a descriptive survey based on the nature of data collection. Besides, was cross-sectional based on the time horizon. The expert panel of this research included sociologists, experts in the field of social sciences, and experienced counselors of family, as well as couple therapists with at least 10 years of work experience in Tehran, who dealt with a variety of couples suffering from emotional divorce. In this research, the required information was available to a special group of experts, who were selected through the snowball method. The data collection was done by two methods library studies and field investigation. Two researcher-made questionnaires were designed to survey the experts in monitoring, screening, and final localization of the factors affecting the emotional divorce among Tehranian couples, as well as their weighting and prioritization. In this research, to analyze the data and identify the final drivers affecting the emotional divorce among Tehranian couples and weighting and prioritizing them, the one-sample t-test and the Group Analytic Hierarchy Process (G-AHP) were respectively used in SPSS and Super Decision software. The group decision-making strategy prevented the bias results and increased the accuracy of decision-making and the results by obeying collective wisdom. 

The results of this research indicated identification of 29 drivers of emotional divorce among Tehranian couples, which were organized into the four dimensions of life skills, personality and behavior, social and sociological aspects, and fields. According to the experts, the social and sociological dimension with a weight of 0.35 had the highest importance among them and contributed more to the emotional divorce among Tehranian couples. It was also observed that among the drivers of emotional divorce, "weakness of communication skills" with a weight of 0.0548 among the dimension of life skills, "betrayal and extramarital affairs" in the behavioral and personality dimension with a weight of 0.0482, "lack of Kefoit and matching of spouse" in the social and sociological dimension with a weight of 0.0545, and "individual’s economic position" in the land dimension with a weight of 0.0546 were assigned the highest degrees of importance. Therefore, it was concluded that the experts and institutions in charge had to use intellectual, financial, and infrastructural capitals in the face of priority drivers. Finally, some appropriate solutions and corrective actions were provided for facing these drivers.

Industry is not only a conventional path for development,but as one of the results of globalization, it can be an accelerator for development.. In this regard, the industry has caused economic dynamism and vitality in many regions of the world, but it should be kept in mind that accelerated and unplanned development will also have more negative consequences. The financial market of the industry has a significant importance due to the effective role it plays in providing the financial resources and capital needed for investment and development of the industry sector. Therefore, this research was conducted in 2017 using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and by completing 10 questionnaires from the experts of the ministry of industry, mining and trade with the aim of prioritizing the financial components of capital investment in the industrial sector of Lorestan province. The results showed that among the components affecting investment in the industrial sector, attention to the private sector, injecting liquidity into the financial markets, updating financial and credit institutions, creating financial consulting centers, diversification in financial and credit institutions, and super-specialization Financial and credit institutions, respectively, have had the highest degree of importance. The maximum rate of consistency in this research is estimated to be 0.98, which indicates that the level of consistency in judgments is favorable. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce the reliance of investors on the financial resources of banks by providing the financial resources needed by investors through the expansion of financial and stock markets as well as the expansion of active investment companies."

Choosing the right place to build a new shopping center is a multi-criteria decision-making problem that involves different people and opinions. In this research, geographic information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision-making models have been used to perform some stages of spatial analysis, and then the development of a group decision support system for aggregating and selecting the final alternative has been discussed. A two-step method was proposed in this research to create limited decision-making options. In the first stage, creating standard criteria maps including five items with spatial analysis and normalization was done in ArcGIS software. According to the studies, the weight of each criterion was determined and the weighted overlapping of the layers was done. After applying the limiting options, six areas were determined to perform web-based location selection. In the second stage, a group spatial decision support system was developed. Using Visual Studio environment and C# programming language and .NET technology, a website was designed for the participation of experts in this field. In the architecture of this system, ASPMap technology, including a set of controls and map components, and location-based tools, was embedded on the server side of the program. User weighting of the criteria was done in the forms designed by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). With the help of stored procedures in a SQL Server database, the average value of each of the selected points is calculated online based on the opinions of the group. Finally, the point that had the highest value in the average of the opinions of different users was introduced as the best place to build a shopping center. The research results showed that the proposed method has high flexibility, speed, and ease in applying group opinions.

Corruption is one of the most serious problems in economies. Corruption has different kinds, such as bribery, embezzlement, fraud, and extortion. Contradicting corruption requires recognizing its causes. The causes of corruption can vary depending on each country's social, cultural, institutional, and historical conditions. Identification of the factors that affect corruption is very important. The purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting corruption. We use an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach. The results show that economic, managerial, and administrative, cultural, and social, political, legal, and psychological dimensions affect corruption. Based on the order of priority, results are political, cultural, and social, economic, legal, managerial, and administrative, and psychological dimensions. The most important achievement of this article is to identify the need for a comprehensive policy to combat corruption in terms of all aspects affecting corruption, with special attention to political, cultural, and social, economic, legal, managerial, and administrative, and psychological dimensions.

Assessing the role of natural factors in the location of ancient settlements helps us to understand and understand how the habitats are formed and distributed. The purpose of this study was to identify, evaluate and understand the effects of natural factors on the distribution of ancient habitats and determine the relationship between humans and their environment within the central district of this city. This research is applied in a descriptive-analytical way. In this research ArcGIS, SPSS and Expert Choice software were used for the analysis. The ancient settlements of Iron Age 3 (800-550 p.) Region were compared to the most important environmental factors including access to water resources, elevation level Sea, slope and direction of gradient of land, vegetation, soil, land use, land use and climate, which have an impact on the spatial shaping and distribution of human habitats. The results of this study showed that there is a strong correlation between all of the above mentioned factors with the spatial distribution of human settlements of Iron Age 3, so that the correlation intensity for all numerical factors was between 0.50 and 1, which Indicates a strong correlation between environmental factors and the spatial distribution of habitats. According to experts and experts, respectively, access to water resources, vegetation, land use, climate, land use, soil, altitude, gradient of land and direction of gradient of land, respectively, have the most to the least impact on the spatial distribution of ancient settlements in Mahabad Plain has had.

One of the most important research topics in HRM field of study in recent decades, is the study of HRM-performance relationship. The importance of these studies is so much, as they imply both micro and macro implications of HR practices, encompass HRM influences on performance outcomes, and also the existence reason of HR practices and the nature of its practices. However, a body of researches have scientifically criticized/questioned the findings of aforementioned previous studies. These criticisms often comprise the methodological aspects of previous studies. Current study, in two phases, has been done by considering the importance of prementioned issue and the lack of a study in order to introduce and summarize those criticisms. First, we applied “mixed research synthesis” approach as one of the subsidiaries of meta-synthesis method. By studying and summarizing 40 valid critical papers in this field of study, we have presented and explained a five-dimensioned guiding map for introducing the criticisms on the HRM-performance researches. In order to assess research validity, CASP standard checklist was applied, and to determine the reliability, Cohenchr('39')s Kappa was used in SPSS software which was confirmed by resulting in 0/762.  In the second phase, the five dimensions, found in the former phase, were prioritized with AHP method.

Taxes, as the most important source of government revenue and one of the economic policy instruments, play a key role in development policies. In this study, the evolution process of different models of tax evasion (from neoclassical approach to behavioral economics) is investigated, also the assumptions and variables of these models are analyzed. Then, using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) based on the opinions of tax experts, the factors affecting tax evasion are ranked in different models to determine which model is superior in explaining and measuring the factors affecting tax evasion in Iran. The results show that instability of preferences, loss avoidance, and ambiguity avoidance are the main factors influencing tax evasion. Correspondingly, rational behavior and behavioral adaptation have the least explanatory power as regards tax evasion in Iran. Based on the results, in analyzing and measuring Iranchr('39')s tax evasion, a paradigm shift towards behavioral economy models is needed.

Groundwater is recognized as one of the most important and reliable sources of water supply all around the world. However, population growth and reducing the volume of surface water reserves have led to the overexploitation of groundwater and groundwater resource depletion over the world. Therefore, exploration and exploitation of groundwater resources require a thorough understanding of geology, hydrogeology, and geomorphology in any area. With the advancement of remote sensing science and the use of satellite imagery in various fields, costs have been reduced and the time required to explore various sources including groundwater has been reduced. Nowadays, using fuzzy decision-making methods, it is no longer necessary to use only the financial equivalent of social and environmental criteria in choosing the best alternatives, but also to use different quantitative and qualitative criteria in prioritizing and selecting the best options and criteria in water resources management. In this study, eleven thematic layers, including lithology, precipitation, vegetation cover, density and distance from the fault, elevation, slope, temperature, land use and density, and distance from drainages to potential detection sources of groundwater used Silakhor plain.

Reports of the World Tourism Organization indicate that tourism has become one of the largest industries in the world. What is important in tourism is its role not only in economic issues such as employment and profitability, but also in urban sustainable development. Moreover, tourism plays an important role in answering on one of the most important needs of human, which is the need to security, mental peace, recreation and entertainment that can be meet by going to the natural environment and spending some times there. In this context, the present research is aimed to identify zones with high potential for tourism in Abardeh rural district of Mashhad city, a region which has high tourism potential. The research method was descriptive– analytical with the practical aim which was performed by using documentary and survey data.Also, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to analyze data. Therefore, factors affecting zoning were gathered by using the Delphi method, and the variables were weighted based on the AHP method using Expert Choice software. At the end of this research, layers were integrated based on the weight of each criterion in GIS software by using overlay functions, and the value of each zone was obtained based on the all effective factors ,and also their weight, and all zones were then divided into three groups namely areas with high, medium and low potentials. The results showed that just 15% of the existing lands in Abardeh rural district have high tourism potential. So, for promotion tourism in this region, it is necessary to suggest tourist attraction land uses based on the potential of each zone.

Cities are the most important targets of an enemy invasion because of the high population density and the place of capital accumulation. Accordingly, this study seeks to rank the vulnerability of the five regions of Urmia city against the dangers of unexpected events and war based on passive defense principles by investigating and identifying effective indicators. This research, based on its purpose, is an applied research and according to the method of work, has an analytical nature. In this study, after studying and analyzing the related documents and resources of passive defense, 14 indicators that are related to some principles of passive defense including principles of dispersal, hardening and localization were selected and then hierarchical analysis process method was used for giving weight to the indices. For performing spatial analyses, index data layers were first digitized and edited in GIS software and by converting data layers into raster and classifying them, the calculated coefficient of significance (via hierarchical analysis method) was multiplied in each index and by using the weighted sum of the indices, the vulnerability was measured in the five districts of Urmia city. In the final step, the vulnerability of the five regions of Urmia city was ranked according to the TOPSIS model. The results indicate that the vulnerability of the five regions of Urmia city are from top to bottom, respectively, regions five, one, three, four and two and also in most of the cases, they are associated with weaknesses in the principle of dispersal, hardening and localization.

Today, environmental issues have become one of the most important challenges for urban planners, and unbridled urban development has added to their complexity. Resiliency approach planning can, in all respects, create the capacity to deal with the turbulent future. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental resilience of neighborhoods in the district 14 of Tehran. In principle, 23 neighborhoods have been investigated by selecting five environmental indicators. The five indicators were ranked by 30 urban planning experts through hierarchical analyzes of AHP, and then the Gray Relationship Analysis of the status and location of neighborhoods in the district 14 were analyzed concerning each indicator. Finally, the normal line of 0.714 was drawn as the final score in all indices, indicating that 12 neighborhoods had a low resilience. Based on the obtained results, the environmental resilience is reduced while moving towards the western and southwest neighborhoods,. This is in harmony with the texture and population density of the region. Therefore, urban planners need to understand the consequences and environmental costs of physical development rather than physical development itself. Today, environmental issues have become one of the most important challenges for urban planners, and unbridled urban development has added to their complexity. Resiliency approach planning can, in all respects, create the capacity to deal with the turbulent future. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental resilience of neighborhoods in the district 14 of Tehran. In principle, 23 neighborhoods have been investigated by selecting five environmental indicators. The five indicators were ranked by 30 urban planning experts through hierarchical analyzes of AHP, and then the Gray Relationship Analysis of the status and location of neighborhoods in the district 14 were analyzed concerning each indicator. Finally, the normal line of 0.714 was drawn as the final score in all indices, indicating that 12 neighborhoods had a low resilience. Based on the obtained results, the environmental resilience is reduced while moving towards the western and southwest neighborhoods,. This is in harmony with the texture and population density of the region. Therefore, urban planners need to understand the consequences and environmental costs of physical development rather than physical development itself.