جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « bodybuilders » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

Black grape seed extract (GSE) is a supplement known for its potent antioxidant effects and flavonoid properties that can help prevent or reduce cell damage. This study aimed to examine the impact of grape seed extract supplementation and resistance training on oxidative stress indicators in bodybuilders. The research followed a semi-experimental design, with participants divided into supplement and control groups for blood sampling before and after supplement intake in a double-blind fashion. The study included 24 male bodybuilders aged 15-19 years. Blood samples were collected during fasting sessions to measure antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Data distribution normality was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk tests. The results revealed that resistance training in bodybuilders led to a significant increase in cell damage markers (CK and LDH) and MDA levels, along with a notable decrease in TAC (P<0.05). However, grape seed extract consumption was found to boost TAC levels. The study suggests that bodybuilding activities can elevate cell damage and oxidative stress indicators, while daily intake of grape seed extract (100 mg) can enhance total antioxidant capacity in male bodybuilders.

COVID-19 has caused psychological problems in athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Corona Disease Anxiety (CDA) and the role of sport mindfulness and mental toughness in predicting it in bodybuilding athletes. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all bodybuilding athletes in Malayer, from which 267 athletes were selected by convenience sampling method. The CDA, Sport Mindfulness and Mental Toughness scales were used to collect the data. Pearson correlation and stepwise regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that 40.82% of bodybuilding athletes had moderate to severe CDA. The results of stepwise regression showed that sport mindfulness (refocusing) and mental toughness (control and challenge) played a significant role in predicting CDA. According to the results, sports psychologist's attention to psychological problems, especially CDA in bodybuilding athletes in the COVID-19 outbreak is necessary to be able to provide the necessary planning for psychological training based on sport mindfulness and mental toughness to reduce CDA.

Life satisfaction is a reflection of the balance between a person's desires and her current situation, and the greater the gap between the level of a person's desires and her objective situation, the lower her satisfaction. The aim of this study was to predict the life satisfaction of bodybuilding athletes based on the trait of anxiety and emotional regulation mediated by happiness.

The statistical population of this study includes 200 athlete (bodybuilder) subjects who were randomly selected from sports clubs and among them four questionnaires of quality of life, stress-anxiety, emotional cognitive regulation and happiness were distributed. Data obtained from these questionnaires were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and SPSS software version 24.

The relationship between life satisfaction and re-evaluation ,emotional , and also with inner happiness and final happiness at the level (α = 0.01) .Also, the subscale of re-evaluation of the regulation scale with internal happiness (0.288) and final happiness - (0.288) also had a positive and weak relationship at a significant level (α = 0.01).

Based on the results, it can be concluded that the psychological variables of emotional regulation, temperament and state of anxiety and happiness of athletes play an important role in their life satisfaction and according to the direct and positive relationship, happiness can be a variable. An effective and important mediator in improving the life satisfaction of athletes (bodybuilders).

The aim of this study was to determine the dark triad personality and mental toughness in predicting doping attitudes in male bodybuilders.

The present study is a descriptive correlational study. The study population consisted of male bodybuilders in Rasht in 2019 among whom 230 were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected using Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale Petróczi & Aidman’s, Dark Triad Scale Jonason & Webster’s, and Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire Sheard et all. Data were analyzed using correlation test and multiple regression using SPSS software version 24.

The results showed that Machiavellianism (r=0.625), psychopathy (r=0.468) and narcissism (r=0.420) had a positive and significant correlation with doping attitude. On the other, confidence (r=0.478), constancy (r=-0.480) and control (r= -0.570) were negatively and significantly correlated with doping attitude. Also, the variables of dark triad personality and mental toughness predicted 52.6% of the changes in attitudes toward doping in male bodybuilders (P<0.01).

The findings showed that bodybuilders with dark veins showed a positive attitude towards the use of illicit drugs and doping. Athletes who reduce the length of their professional exercise from adequate mental strength were drawn due to doping drugs.

Over the past decade, the use of steroid medications has increased among athletes, especially bodybuilders who work professionally. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the dark trait personality and behavioral activation-inhibition system in bodybuilders with and without the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids. The present study was descriptive and casual-comparative. The statistical population of the study consisted of all male bodybuilders of Rasht in 2019. A sample of 150 (75 natural bodybuilders and 75 steroid bodybuilders) was selected purposefully, and then data were collected using Jonson & Webster (2010) personality dark trait questionnaire and Carver & White (1994) behavioral activation-inhibition system.  Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that there is a significant difference in the dark trait of personality and behavioral activation-inhibition system bodybuilders' with and without the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids. Based on this, it was found that steroid bodybuilders have a lower system of inhibition and a more active behavioral system than natural bodybuilders. Also, in the components of dark character traits, steroid bodybuilders showed more Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy. According to the results, it is possible to control the activation/inhibition system and reduce the dark trait of personality in steroid bodybuilders by implementing programs and interventions.

The purpose of this study was to comparison the dark triad traits of personality, cognitive decision making and mental toughness in natural, supplement and steroid bodybuilders. The method of this research is causal-comparative descriptive. The statistical population of the study consisted of all natural, supplement and steroid bodybuilders in Rasht (2019) among whom 150 individuals (50 natural bodybuilders, 50 supplement bodybuilders and 50 steroidal bodybuilders) were selected and available on a Dark Triad Traits of Personality Scale Jonsson and Webster, Iowa Gambling Task Scale, and Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire Sheard et al. Multivariate analysis of variance and LSD test were used to analyze the data. Results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between dark triad traits of Personality, cognitive decision making, and mental toughness in the three groups. Also, the results of the LSD follow-up test showed that steroid bodybuilders had more dark triad traits of personality and loss of body traits compared to natural and supplement bodybuilders and had less mental toughness and won. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that abuse of steroidal drugs has detrimental effects on personality and psychological characteristics of athletes. So, coaches need to pay more attention to these issues.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of supplements use, knowledge and attitudes of their adverse effects among male bodybuilders in Karaj city was conducted. Target population included all bodybuilders of Karaj city. The questionnaire of 25 questions (Cronbach Alfa 0.84) which was distributed among 320 bodybuilders as sample from different areas of Karaj city. Research data by using the descriptive and inferential statistics (P≥0.05) were analyzed. The results demonstrated 82.4% of these athletes taking supplements. Also, it was found that the level of education, sports history and championship history of participants in this study is significantly correlated with the prevalence of use (P≥0.05). But, there was no significant correlation between level of education, sports history and championship history with knowledge and attitudes. Most used supplement were combination (46%), creatine (21.9%) and protein powder (15.3%). The most important reason for using supplements were, increase muscle mass (54%) and increasing strength (25.6%) and the most important sources of information, were coach (62%) and Teammates (17%). The peak of prevalence of supplement use, were observed in aged 16 to 20 years. Accordingly, it is inferred, indiscriminate use of these substances in the Karaj metropolis was increased due to the lack of consultation of athlete with experts and obtaining phony information from individuals present in sports clubs. Therefore it seems, if there is educational planning or informing to solve this problem, Should be done with a focus on sports clubs and coaches.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between risk-taking and aggression in bodybuilders. This was a correlational, causal-comparative study. The population of this study included all bodybuilders of fitness clubs in Urmia city among which 50 male and 50 female with at least one year and maximum five years history of regular exercise were selected in a convenient manner. Bass and Perry aggression questionnaire and Zuckerman mixed questionnaire were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-test. Results showed that there was significant positive correlation between aggression and risk-taking (p=0.015). Independenat t-test analysis showed a significant difference between men and women in risk-taking (p

The aim of this research was to study of the effects of steroids on hematological andliver factors in the male bodybuilders.Ten athlete bodybiulders served as theexperimental group, those who were taking Oxymetholone drug during a period of 6weeks exercise training, and 10 athletes (only exercise training) served as the controlgroup. Blood samples were taken before and after the athletes took the drugs andtraining. Considering the pre-test and post-test, the data were studied by using t-teas.The results showed that at the level of α= 0.05, there was significant difference in theconcentration of Hb, HCT, SGOT and SGPT in experimental group. Also there was nosignificant difference in RBC and WBC in both experimental and control groups.. In theother hand, steroids abusing increase Hb,HCT,SGOT and SGPT in the serum.Theseresults show that steroiddrugs can have negative effects on the bones and liver tissues.