جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "coping strategies" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

This study aims to explore the psychosomatic effects of perfectionism in patients suffering from chronic tension-type headaches (CTTH). By examining the experiences and perceptions of individuals with CTTH, the research seeks to understand how perfectionistic tendencies influence headache symptoms, coping strategies, and overall quality of life. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with 27 participants diagnosed with CTTH and exhibiting high levels of perfectionism. Participants were recruited from various healthcare settings, and data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using NVivo software. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify key themes and subthemes related to the psychosomatic interplay between perfectionism and CTTH. Four main themes emerged from the analysis: (1) Personal definitions and perceptions of perfectionism, highlighting high self-imposed standards and external pressures; (2) Experiences of CTTH and its impact on daily life, revealing significant physical, emotional, and social impairments; (3) Coping strategies and perceived relationships between perfectionism and headache episodes, including both adaptive and maladaptive mechanisms; and (4) Emotional and psychological responses to headache management and perfectionistic tendencies, emphasizing the complex emotional burden and the need for holistic treatment approaches. Participants reported increased headache severity during periods of stress and utilized various strategies, such as mindfulness and cognitive reframing, to manage their symptoms. The study underscores the intricate relationship between perfectionism and CTTH, highlighting the need for integrated treatment approaches that address both physical and psychological aspects. By understanding the role of perfectionism in exacerbating headache symptoms, healthcare providers can develop more effective, holistic treatment plans that improve patient outcomes and quality of life.

 The present study aimed to predict attitudes toward marital infidelity in couples based on attachment styles and personality traits with the mediation of coping strategies (gender comparison).

 The research method was correlational and used structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all married women and men aged 25 to 45 in Tehran. A sample of 420 individuals, comprising 210 women and 210 men, was selected through convenience sampling. Research data were collected using the Whately Marital Infidelity Attitude Questionnaire (2006), the Collins and Read Attachment Styles Questionnaire (1994), the Cattell 16 Personality Factor Test (1973), and the Lazarus-Folkman Coping Strategies Questionnaire (1988). Relationships between variables were assessed using Pearson's correlation test, and the research model was evaluated using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) structural equation modeling technique. The mediation role was also assessed using the bootstrapping method in Smart PLS software. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 27 and Smart PLS version 3.

 The research findings indicated that in the female sample, risk-taking as a personality trait could predict marital infidelity (p < .05). In the male sample, the conscientiousness personality trait directly predicted marital infidelity, while insecure attachment predicted marital infidelity both directly and indirectly through the avoidant-escape coping style (p < .05).

 The results showed that insecure attachment influences the tendency toward marital infidelity in the male group. Additionally, the conscientiousness factor influences the tendency toward marital infidelity in the male group, and the avoidance and escape strategies influence the tendency toward marital infidelity in the male group. The results also demonstrated that secure attachment negatively impacts the problem-solving coping strategy in the female group. Secure attachment negatively impacts the avoidant-escape strategy in the female group but positively impacts it in the male group. Insecure attachment positively impacts the avoidant-escape strategy in both the female and male groups. The conscientiousness factor positively impacts the problem-solving coping strategy in the female group. Moreover, sociability positively impacts the avoidant-escape strategy in the male group, while emotional stability negatively impacts the avoidant-escape strategy in the overall and male groups. Risk-taking negatively impacts the avoidant-escape strategy in the overall and male groups. These results showed no relationship between insecure attachment and the tendency toward marital infidelity in women.

This study aims to explore the role of family dynamics in managing financial stress and economic hardship. By examining how families navigate these challenges through various strategies and coping mechanisms, the research seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the impact of economic hardship on family relationships and individual well-being.

A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews to collect data from 20 participants. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure diverse perspectives. Data were analyzed using NVivo software, with thematic analysis guiding the identification and categorization of key themes. Theoretical saturation was reached, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the participants' experiences.

The study identified three main themes: family roles and responsibilities, coping strategies for financial stress, and the impact on family dynamics. Families adopted joint decision-making, budget creation, and income pooling to manage finances. Emotional and practical support were vital coping mechanisms, with open communication and resource sharing being prominent strategies. Economic hardship led to changes in family relationships and significant impacts on mental health, particularly for parents and children.

Family dynamics play a critical role in managing financial stress and economic hardship. Effective financial management, open communication, and supportive relationships are essential for mitigating the adverse effects of economic pressure. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and support systems to help families navigate economic challenges and maintain their well-being.

Emotions are well-documented to influence behaviors, learning process, and learning outcomes. Boredom, a negative emotion, can affect students significantly in academic settings. This case study explores the causes of students’ boredom in foreign language classrooms and their coping strategies. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with twenty English-majored juniors learning Chinese as an additional required language at a university in Vietnam. Results showed that boredom in English language and Chinese language classrooms could be classified into four broad categories: lesson-related, teacher-related, student-related, and others (e.g., learning environment). As the students reported, task diversity, teachers’ sense of humor, and students’ motivation were supposed to reduce boredom in language classrooms. To overcome this negative emotion, the students used various facilitative and debilitative strategies. They positively attempted to mitigate boredom by initiating jokes with their teachers and classmates, suggesting interesting topics to discuss, and raising hands to change the classroom atmosphere. However, other students tended to have gossips with their classmates, text their friends, and go outside for a while. The results suggest implications for improving foreign language teaching and learning in Vietnam and other similar contexts.

This study aims to explore the experiences of adolescents with psychosomatic disorders, focusing on the challenges they encounter and the coping strategies they employ. The objective is to illuminate the psychosomatic phenomenon amongadolescents and identify potential areas for intervention and support.Utilizing a qualitative research design, this study conducted semi-structured interviews with 35 adolescents diagnosed with psychosomatic disorders. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure a diverse representation of experiences. The interviews aimed at reaching theoretical saturation were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring themes and patterns.The analysis revealed two main themes: "Challenges" and "Coping Strategies." Under "Challenges," six categories were identified: Stigma and Isolation, Misunderstanding by Peers, Academic Pressure, Emotional Distress, Physical Symptoms, and Communication Barriers. The "Coping Strategies" theme encompassed eight categories: Seeking Professional Help, Social Support, Personal Coping Mechanisms, Educational Adjustments, Advocacy and Awareness, Developing Self-Understanding, Resource Utilization, and Building a Supportive Environment. These findings highlight the complexity of the psychosomatic experience among adolescents, showcasing the breadth of challenges faced and the diversity of strategies employed to cope.Adolescents with psychosomatic disorders face a range of significant challenges that impact their mental and physical health, as well as their social and academic life. Despite these obstacles, they employ a variety of coping strategies to manage their symptoms and navigate their daily lives. This study underscores the importance of holistic support systems and tailored interventions to address the unique needs of this population. Future research should focus on developing targeted support mechanisms that leverage the identified coping strategies to enhance the well-being of adolescents with psychosomatic disorders.

This study aims to explore the role of family in managing adolescent peer pressure and social challenges. It seeks to understand how communication, parental involvement, and coping strategies employed by families influence adolescents' ability to navigate these challenges.

A qualitative research design was utilized, involving semi-structured interviews with 24 participants, including 12 adolescents and 12 parents. The participants were selected through purposive sampling. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo software, following a thematic approach. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the phenomena under study.

The study identified three main themes: communication within the family, parental involvement, and strategies to cope with peer pressure. Key subthemes included open dialogue, conflict resolution, supportive feedback, monitoring, emotional support, skill-building, and promoting positive friendships. These findings align with existing literature, emphasizing the importance of family dynamics in shaping adolescents' responses to peer pressure and social challenges.

The study underscores the critical role of family in managing adolescent peer pressure. Effective communication, active parental involvement, and proactive coping strategies are essential components that help adolescents navigate social challenges. Future research should incorporate larger samples and longitudinal designs to further explore these dynamics. Practitioners can use these insights to develop targeted interventions that promote healthy family interactions and support adolescents in managing peer pressure.

The objective of this study was to explore the mind-body interactions in chronic pain sufferers, with a particular focus on the role of personality factors. The aim was to gain in-depth insights into how psychological traits influence pain perception, coping mechanisms, and overall pain management. This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with 20 participants diagnosed with chronic pain conditions, including fibromyalgia, chronic back pain, and rheumatoid arthritis. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling to ensure diverse experiences. Data were collected until theoretical saturation was achieved. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis, facilitated by NVivo software, to identify key themes and patterns related to psychological responses, social interactions, and coping strategies. The analysis revealed three primary themes: psychological responses, social interactions, and coping strategies. Emotional reactions such as anxiety, depression, and frustration were prevalent among participants, with 80% (16 out of 20) reporting significant emotional distress. Cognitive appraisals, including catastrophizing and self-blame, were identified in 70% (14 out of 20) of the interviews. Personality traits such as neuroticism and conscientiousness significantly influenced pain experiences. Social interactions highlighted the importance of family support, with 60% (12 out of 20) indicating strained relationships exacerbated their pain. Various coping strategies were employed, including psychological techniques (used by 50%, 10 out of 20), physical activities (45%, 9 out of 20), and alternative therapies (35%, 7 out of 20). Psychological responses, social dynamics, and diverse coping strategies were crucial in managing chronic pain. The findings suggest the need for a holistic approach to pain management that integrates psychological and physiological dimensions. Personalized treatment plans considering personality traits and incorporating mind-body therapies could enhance pain management outcomes and improve the quality of life for chronic pain sufferers.

The objective of the present research was to explain the structural model for quality of life based on early maladaptive schemas and the role of treatment adherence and coping strategies in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods and Materials: 

This study, in terms of research methodology, falls into the category of descriptive-correlational research using structural equation modeling. The research population consisted of all patients with type 2 diabetes in Tehran who visited medical centers during the year 2021. The sample of the current study included 350 patients with type 2 diabetes in Tehran in 2021, selected through convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Data were collected using the short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas Short Form Questionnaire, Treatment Adherence Questionnaire, and Young's Avoidance Coping Strategies Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Pearson correlation statistical methods, employing SPSS 22 and AMOS 22 software.

The results showed that the fit indices PCFI=0.655, PNFI=0.661, CMIN/DF=2.90, RMSEA=0.089, IFI=0.917, CFI=0.914, and GFI=0.903 indicate a good fit of the proposed model with the data. The highest coefficient (-0.47) was attributed to the path from autonomy and impaired performance to quality of life. The coefficient of determination for the quality variable of marital relationship in the proposed structural model is 0.889, indicating that the external variables can predict 89 percent of the variance in quality of life, which is considered strong.

Therefore, it can be concluded that the structural model for explaining quality of life based on early maladaptive schemas and the role of treatment adherence and coping strategies in patients with type 2 diabetes fits appropriately.

 Infertility is not merely a medical condition affecting women but a biopsychosocial health issue that encompasses lower quality of life, psychiatric disorders, and even marital conflicts. The aim of this study was to predict marital intimacy based on infertility stigma and coping strategies in infertile women.

 This applied research was descriptive-correlational in nature. The population included all infertile women in Tehran in the year 2020. From this group, 250 participants were selected using purposive sampling. The participants were assessed using the Thompson and Walker (1983) Marital Intimacy Scale, Fu’s (2014) Perceived Infertility Stigma Scale, and Folkman and Lazarus’s (1985) Coping Strategies Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 23.

 Data analysis revealed that infertility stigma and coping strategies significantly predict marital intimacy in infertile women at the 0.01 level (p < .01, F(6, 249) = 45.877). Infertility stigma and coping strategies explained 53.1% of the variance in marital intimacy. The t-tests for significance in regression for self-devaluation (β = -.189, p = .001), social rejection (β = -.143, p = .003), family shame (β = -.279, p = .001), emotion-focused coping style (β = .351, p = .001), and problem-focused coping style (β = .251, p = .001) were significant at the level below .01. Among the sub-scales of infertility stigma, family shame and among the coping strategies, emotion-focused coping style had a more significant unique contribution in predicting marital intimacy.

 Infertility stigma and coping strategies can be used to predict marital intimacy among infertile women.

The objective of this study is to explore the identity development of teenagers with learning disabilities (LD). This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews to gather in-depth data from participants. Nineteen teenagers (10 males and 9 females) aged 13-18 years, diagnosed with LD and enrolled in special education programs at three urban high schools, were purposively sampled. The interviews, lasting 45 to 60 minutes each, were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic approach to identify key themes and subthemes. Four main themes emerged from the data: personal experiences, social interactions and relationships, self-perception and identity, and coping strategies and support systems. Participants reported significant academic challenges, leading to emotional distress and lowered self-esteem. Social interactions varied, with positive relationships providing crucial support and negative interactions exacerbating feelings of isolation. Identity development involved navigating dual identities and coping with internal conflicts. Effective coping strategies, such as seeking help and using assistive technology, contrasted with less adaptive methods like avoidance. Supportive family and educational environments were essential for positive identity development and emotional resilience. The study highlights the complex interplay of factors influencing the identity development of teenagers with LD. Academic challenges, social interactions, and coping strategies significantly impact their self-perception and overall well-being. The findings underscore the need for inclusive educational practices, supportive teacher-student relationships, and comprehensive mental health resources to foster positive identity formation and improve outcomes for adolescents with LD.

The present study aimed to investigate and compare the prevalence and level of burnout among Iranian male and female EFL teachers. Furthermore, it intended to explore the selected EFL teachers’ perceptions of the strategies which can be adopted to cope with the burnout in the post-pandemic era. To do so, a mixed method research design was adopted in which 50 EFL teachers were selected based on convenience sampling from public schools and private language institutes in Yassoj. To collect the quantitative and qualitative data Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM) and an structured interview were utilized. The obtained data was analyzed using descriptive statics, chi-square test, and thematic analysis. The findings suggested that 28% of Iranian teachers perceive high levels of burnout in the post-pandemic era. Among the subscales of burnout, physical fatigue was found to have higher score. Significant associations were found between the EFL teachers’ gender and physical fatigue, cognitive weariness, emotional exhaustion, as well as the overall score of burnout, being that men perceive higher levels of burnout than women. With respect to the qualitative results, it was indicated that the respondents considered such strategies as engaging in a permanent  learning, establishment of  positive student-teacher relationship, increasing patience and tolerance, enhancing  interest in teaching, sharing the problems with colleagues, and respect to the moral consideration to cope with burnout after the pandemic.  Some implications are finally provided for decision-makers in the area of EFL pedagogy to improve EFL teachers’ autonomous motivation to reduce their burnout experience.