جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « regional instruments » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

Crime commitment turns the relationship between the law-abiding citizen and the state into an unbalanced relationship between the criminal citizen and the state. The requirement of fairness and the goals of criminal justice is to make the protection of rights in accordance with the process of correction and re-socialization of the criminal, including cultural rights. Considering its importance and efficiency in criminal re-socialization, what place does cultural law have in domestic and international legal documents? The term "cultural rights"; it is a product of the United Nations Charter and an integral part of human rights. The different types of these rights and the guarantees of their general and specific implementation in domestic legal documents including the Constitution, the Executive Regulations of the Organization of Prisons and Security and Educational Measures approved in 2004 and the Charter of Citizen Rights approved in 2015 and international documents including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, adopted in 1966, Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, adopted in 2008, the minimum rules of the United Nations in the treatment of prisoners, adopted in 1955 can be seen.

On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in this paper, the role of the Declaration in development of regional instruments and mechanisms is being examined. So far, five regions in the world (Africa, Americas, Europe, the Islamic-Arabic region and Asia-Pacific) have been inspired by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and established their regional arrangements, such as instruments and mechanisms for monitoring and enforcing human rights, including declarations, commissions and special courts of human rights. In these regional arrangements, while maintaining the principles and values set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, regional features such as philosophical foundations, values, norms, concerns and local and regional needs are taken into account. For this reason, the establishment of regional arrangements, in addition to the development of universal human rights principles, promotes the acceptance and implementation of these principles at local and regional levels.The present study demonstrates that regional human rights systems continue to strengthen the UN system in protecting and promoting human rights at the regional level and enhancing its effectiveness.

Human individuals are entitled to human rights from the beginning of their life. Rights that every human is benefiting of it , because he/she is human beings. In the meantime, the individual's right to recognition of juridical personality one of the rights that there is no doubt in importance and prominence and it is considered of the minimums of fundamental human rights. This right is considered as a prerequisite for the enjoyment of other human rights. The mentioned right still neglected in many legal systems and one of the inherent rights of human. The right to recognition of juridical personality is listed in the major global and regional international instruments and some national instruments. This right recognition every one as a person before the law. Therefore, in this paper we explain the status and the concept of right to recognition of the legal personality in some of these documents.

Children are the true symbols of defenselessness in armed conflicts, to whom States have paid specific attention. International society has taken remarkable measures to protect the rights of children in armed conflicts, both on international and regional scales. Some of the related international instruments are: Declaration of the Rights of the Children (1959), Convention on the Rights of Children (1989), Geneva Convention IV Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949), 1977 Protocols I and II additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949, and the Additional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Children, adopted in 2000. There are also regional instruments, including African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (1990), European Social Charter (1996), African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (2009), and American Convention on Human Rights (1969). The measures taken reveal the serious vulnerability of children in armed conflicts. A few States, especially African States, still do not honor their obligations to protect children. This article tries to stress the importance of the rights of children by investigating related international and regional instruments. Regarding the numerous instruments protective of the rights of children in armed conflicts, it can be concluded that the rights of children with respect to armed conflicts have been accepted worldwide, and therefore have entered into international customary law.