جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « آلمظفر » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

At the time of Muzaffarids (Ilkhanate), since this area of Iran (Yazd) which was a considerable part of the country, was spared from the deliberate destruction of Mongol people. It can be expected that there have been continuous construction activities in this area since the Seljuk period. Especially according to the specific political field, under the influence of Muzaffaris rulers, a special local style called Muzaffaris style or due to opinion of Donald Wilber, “Yazd School” can be identified and introduced in this field. Among these, the distinctive works of architecture, mosques, monasteries, houses, aqueducts, gardens and historical neighborhoods of Yazd and Meybod, belonging to the same era are of special importance for defining, explaining and interpreting its subject and place urban planning. This research seeks to know the characteristics of Al-Muzaffar tanabi houses and whether they can be classified, as well as the reasons for their emergence? The purpose of this article is to determine the quality of Tanabi in the architecture of Muzaffaris houses in Yazd. In this study, the oldest houses that have been registered and identified so far have been cited along with historical texts. Considering not being enough sample studies in other parts of Iran and the number of historical references to the houses in historical texts and no research in this fields, the importance and position of the Tanabi in architecture of Muzaffaris era has been discussed. In this article, after library studies, which include recognizing Muzaffaris houses in historical texts and Tanabi in other buildings, field studies have been done. In this research tries to recognize the residential architecture in Muzaffaris era by combining interpretive- historical methods and research of examples and relying on library- documentary studies and also to study and analyze the Tanabi. The results show that the Tanabi is seen frequently and in different forms in the historical texts of Ilkhanate Timurid era. Researches show that in the study of historical texts of Yazd, three types of Tanabi have been mentioned. In the houses of Muzaffaris era, Tanabi is a luxurious room at the end of the south porch, which is some examples is decorated with many arraysThe second type was used as a room at the entrance of the gardens and the third type was used as a mansion inside the gardens.Tanabi was one of the first experiences of Iranian architectural spacing inside four-story houses, which is aimed at establishing the concept of a royal residence in the houses.

During turbulent socio-political situations after the Mongol invasion and especially after the decline of the Ilkhanates (1256-1335 AD), the conditions were paved for a group of Pahlavanan (= Heroes) to act and play a role in some parts of Iran and the domains of local rules. Linked to the era of the Mongol Ilkhans, Pahlavanan acted out various roles during Ale-Muzaffars period. The present study examined the political and military role of Pahlavanan during the rule of Ale-Muzaffars (1314-1393 AD), who themselves were in close ties and connections with the Pahlavani traditions. Some of Pahlavanan were powerful military commanders who played a role in the external and internal events of Ale-Muzaffars. Holding the position of a military commander for a long time, some of them came to power in some provinces, and lastly, some gained so much power that claimed to rule and confront Ale-Muzaffars. Such disobediences indicated the structural weaknesses of Ale-Muzaffars on the one hand and showed that Pahlavanan, under the influence of the prevailing atmosphere of the society during the 8th century AH, inclined towards behaviours such as rebellion against rulers, hypocrisy, betrayal, and deception. Along with other groups, some of Pahlavanan played grounding roles in ensuring the political and economic security of the Ale-Muzaffars rule.