جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « انسان شناسی » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Oral history as an interdisciplinary field has made the pragmatics and theoretical functions of other disciplines ‎of humanities, particularly social sciences, being noted in this kind of historiography. There are several approaches ‎for sociological studies; such as linguistics and anthropology. These days linguistics is a totally apprehensive ‎discipline that is in search of constructing and finding deeper signs, meanings and concepts of human, and the ‎thought, behavior, act and sensation of his/her. A human with his unknown labyrinth that anthropology might ‎reveal some (a bit) knowledge of his/her inner and outer world. ‎Oral history as a phenomenon related to human, about human and his/her world; is about to find a way to ‎transfer his/her messages, concepts and narratives that pass through the language. Human owns the language and ‎language as a thought plays its role in the structure of society and human institutions. Human is surrounded by ‎his/her believes, costumes, folklores and the sociocultural institutions. Identifying this human needs a language, ‎meanings, signs and symbols that can attained to some degree through linguistic and anthropological studies. ‎Studying some functions and linguistic concepts beside anthropological ideas and theories can reveal more aspects ‎of oral history. This paper tries represent a way for hesitation on unknown aspects of oral history based on ‎perceptive and explanatory methodology and presenting introductory discussions on linguistics and anthropology. ‎

Undoubtedly, the biography of the Holy Prophet is one of the most important areas of research that Muslims from the past to the present and even orientalists have dealt with for various purposes. This started from the first century AH and continues until now. The great position of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his unique role in human history have been constantly considered by Islamic and non-Islamic historians, narrators, etc.Hichem Djait, The Tunisian modernist thinker and historian, relying on the approaches of anthropology, the school of anal historiography, relying on the views of orientalists and surrounding the sources of the past with a special method, presented the prophetic biography with a new perspective. In this article, with a descriptive-analytical approach and content analysis, an answer to some basic questions is given; Including: What is the reading of Hisham Ja'it in the field of prophetic biography and his most important achievements in this field? What are the influential people and approaches to his reading and biography?Hichem Djait (1935 –2021) was a prominent historian and scholar of Islam. Professor Djait was a specialist in Medieval Islamic history, he was member of the International Scientific Institute for the General History of Africa edited by the UNESCO.In the many books he published in Tunisia and France, he mainly deals with various subjects related to Arab-Islamic culture, history and philosophy as well as to the relationship between Islam and modernity and the place of Islam in the contemporary world. Among such publications, one may mention The Great Fitna (or The Great Discord) first published in 1989 and which represents a seminal study and a revolutionary reading of Islamic history following the death of Prophet Muhammad. The Great Fitna is often described by scholars and critics as the most influential reference on the subject. Other works include Europe and Islam (1978), The Revelation, the Quran and the Prophecy (1986), The Crisis of Islamic Culture (2004) and a ground-breaking study entitled The Life of Muhammad first published in French between 2001 and 2007 and released in English in 2012. The three volumes of the latter study which cover the itinerary of the Prophet and the concomitant evolution of Islam are subtitled "Revelation and Prophecy," "Predication in Mecca," and "The Prophet’s Life in Medina and the Triumph of Islam."Hisham Ja'it wrote a three-volume collection entitled "Fi al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah" in order to dress up from the mythical angles and imaginations of previous biographies about the Prophet (PBUH). He gave a critical approach to the historical and philosophical study of issues related to the nature of the Qur'an, as well as providing a critical historical reading of the Prophet's invitation and policy, monitoring previous biographies and interpreting the structure of Mecca society in the pre-Islamic era and on the eve of emergence. It can be said that Ja'it is one of the leading contemporary Arab historians, who has been able to become a prominent professor in the field of critical historical studies by using the resources of past heritage and new academic approaches. The most important purpose of this study is to pay attention to the influence of different individuals and schools on Hisham Ja'it, which in other scientific works in Persian and Arabic has received less attention. It turned out that Ja'it in his collection relies entirely on the views of Orientalists such as Noldeke, Blascher, Andrea, Montgomery Watt, etc., and Western approaches such as historical anthropology and philology, etc., and analyzes previous prophetic biographies from Passers-by examine them. He considers the Qur'an to be the most reliable contemporary source in the field of critical critical analytical study of the Prophetic tradition. Also, his analytical approach in the discussion of being Amy, the story of Gharrara, Gharaniq, etc. are different from the usual readings of the predecessors. Ja'it examines the issue of the Prophet (PBUH) 's motherhood in a historical process and during the occurrence of the cave incident, and in order to prove that the cave's story is fabricated, he gives a new interpretation of the Prophet (PBUH)' s motherhood

Baluchi language is one of the branches of Iranian languages. This language has kept its ancient form more than other branches of Iranian languages. For Western scholars, however, it has been difficult to prove Baloch's race from the Aryan, Dravidian, Turkmen or Arabic point of view. Concerning this issue, definitive inference from any researcher has been controversial. In this research, using the historical method and descriptive-analytical research, we try to examine the Baluch people's race based on the views of Western scholars. Indeed, the attempt is to describe and explain the current situation of the issue. The findings of this research show that in the past, the issue of studying races was a very acute ideological and political issue in the West, especially for their colonial purposes. But it should be said that this is less true in Balochistan's identification of racial identity. However, such an attempt is the sequel of the same trend and general and long-term goals of Western colonialism, especially the British.