جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تواریخ محلی" در نشریات گروه "تاریخ"

Dealing with social classes in historical periods provides openness to understanding the current situation and getting out of the current social blockages from the area of scrutiny in historical texts. The present research examines local chronicles in order to extract the criteria of reflection of social classes in these texts and the statistics of social class fields. The main question of the research is that the criteria of reflection of social classes in the social history of local chronicles depend on which type of volume, combination and convertibility of capital in the fields of social classes? Therefore, the main hypothesis of the research is that the camouflaged class structure in the social history of the Safavid era indicates the pyramidal hierarchy of capital. This research has been compiled using the three-stage coding of foundation data and relying on the developmental structuralism of the contemporary sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu, regarding the fields of classes and their quadruple capitals and is based on five sources of local historiography of the Safavid era, including “Aḥyā al-Mulūk”, “Gilan history”, “Gilan and Daylamān history”,” Šarafnāmeh and Ḵānī history”. The result of the current research is that, the field of governance or court in local chronicles has the highest volume and amount of combination and the amount of transformation of social, economic, cultural and symbolic capital for the hidden classes in it. The field of trade and property is in the second place and the field of culture, poetry and art is in the next ranks. Also, in the lowest order, it is the field of community, which has the lowest volume and lowest amount of composition and conversion of all types of capital for its classes.

Despite public awareness about the Safavid era, mostly inferred from contemporary European writers and reports of the Safavid dynasty, a series evidence of social issues can be found in dynastic local histories. Concerning the historiography in the era of Shah Abbas, two types of sources had been written (local and dynastic histories) that in the present article a selection from the common social reports in these histories were studied comparatively. the approach of each of the historians about the issue of social classes, relationships of Shah and local governors and people, social consequences of military events such as the invasion of Uzbaks to the east of Iran or natural disasters such as famine, floods and earthquakes and its social consequences, superstition issues etc., are among the issues of the focus of this article that shows how they are reflected in local histories and dynastic era of Shah Abbas I. The type and amount of reflection of social phenomena in those works, as well as the impact of social and occupational status of their authors in the type of each of these reflections, is the essential issue of the present study. This article attempts to answer these questions that each of the histories on social issues, in what points has shown interest? What was the reason of the considerations? Research findings show that the amount of social reports contained in the local histories is more than dynastic histories and the type of those reports considering the occupational positions of their authors are different from each other.

Local history writing in Safavid era is an issue that has a rather narrow focus. Perhaps the extreme views that have seen the Safavid era a decline in science, literature and historiography, have caused the lack of attention to this important branch of historiography and have triggered different assessments about it. Hence, decoding this issue could correct and mitigate these views. In this article in addition to expression of diverse views, local historiography position in the Safavid era, features andits components, and the author's motivations for writing the chroniclesre view have been studied and a listof the se historiesare presentedwith as etofgeographic regions of the works. The present paperis organized based on the questions whether in the Safavid era as the continuation ofthe tradition of local historiography of Persian historians, like previous periods, these histories have been written? Or not? Local historiography has flourished in the Safavid era or was weak? What were the components of those historiesand the motivations of their authors? The findings of this article show that although in the Safavid era the tradition of local historiography was not very powerful but it continued but the centralization policy of the Safavid dynasty to legitimize the rule, andfallof local governments, reinforced public historiography rather than local historiography.

Tarikh-e Bayhaq, one of the most important local histories, is written by Abu-AL Hasan Ali ibn Zaid Bayhaqi in Persian in the mid-sixth century Ah. The critical edition of the work was published in 1317 by Ahmed Bahmanyar and once again in 1347 by Kalym Allah Hosseini. Despite the introductions and valuable comments of editors, there are still significant shortcomings and ambiguities in both edits, which were neglected by researchers in the areas of history and historiography .This study is allocated to recognize and remove the shortcomings and ambiguities in Tarikh-e Bayhaq. Findings of this study shows that the most of shortcomings and ambiguities of the book is due to the fact that the author did not present final version of his book.

This article is a survey of one of the most important local historical books of maghrib especially in Marinid’s period, entitled al- Anīs al-Mutrib bi Rawd al-Ḳirtās fī Akhbār Mulūk al-Maghrib wa Ta’rīkh Madīna Fās. This article is to recognize the real author’s identity, considering different views regarding this questionable subject, and also to represent method ofcomposition, the style of writing, the author’s resources and status of the work among the same historical writings of Marinid’s era by revising context of the book, and then comes to conclusion that ’Abulhasan b. Abdullā b. Abī Zar‘ was the author of at least the main part of the book or its draft. Since Marinids and Fez were brought under consideration, the work was imbued with genealogy and flattery. Whereas the author used to live at the age of Christian reconquest of Andalus, he recorded in a simple and fluent prose, valuable details of the event, especially the last wars between the Muslim and Christian in Marinid’s era. Finally it should be pointed that the author took advantage of coins, epigraphs, written sources and his eye observations well, to interpret the historical matters.