جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "نوربخشیه" در نشریات گروه "تاریخ"

The order (ṭarīqa) of Nurbakhshia emerged in the Timurid era and was one of the most important Ṣūfi order in Iran on the eve of the establishing the Safavid government. Therefore, the relationship between the Safavid government and this order was one of the important matters in the first decades of the Safavid period. Having used historical-analytical method, the paper is going to answer the question, how was the interaction and confrontation between the Safavid government and the Nurbakhshia order? The findings of this research show that the Shīʿism of Nurbakhshia and their being Siyāda the way for the convergence of Nurbakhshia and Safavid. But Sayyid Muhammad Nurbakhsh's claim of Mahdism, the wearing of Nurbakhshia in black and their economic and social position caused confrontation between them. This confrontation led to the murder of Shah Qavam al-Din and the isolation of his children. Since the period of Shah Abbas I, under the influence of the anti-Ṣūfi milieu that continued until the collapse of the Safavid, Nurbakhshia as other Sufi orders were isolated and gradually disappeared from the scene of history.

nvestigating the social and political status of the middle ages, particularly from the Mongol Conquest to the Safavid dynasty, has a significant importance in the political and social history of Iran with regard to idealism, messianism, and heroism. That is because such investigation illustrates a part of people’s life during the middle ages. Such an approach is a missing link in the historical studies conducted on that age. With the title “A discourse analysis on the lifesaving doctrines of Hurufism and Noorbakhshia”, the current study focuses on the lifesaving doctrines of the two movements based on historical resources and data from a discourse analytic perspective and investigates a part of the social history of the middle ages, particularly the Timurid dynasty. The dominant environment in Iran after the Mongol Conquest as well as the later invasions by AbstractITamerlane and the fear that dominated the society made the grounds ready for the appearance of a number of lifesaving movements. The importance and pre-conditions for the appearance of lifesaving and messianic notions during the middle ages and the Timurid dynasty, the public interest in such notions, the sociocultural feedback related to them, and consequently, portraying a part of people’s social life in that historical period are among the major goals of the current study. In addition, it would be attempted to base such investigations on first-hand historical data documented at that period in addition to studies conducted in this area and conduct the study in a descriptive and analytical mode.

The extraordinary development of Sufism and the proliferation of monasteries is a feature of the ninth century AH in Iran. On the other hand, the beginning of this century is a significant period in the history of Shiism in Iran; Because Sufism in this period became the link between Sunni and Shiite and Shiism itself was crystallized in the form of Sufism and this issue played an important role in the spread and influence of Shiism in many lands of most Sunni religions. Many sects of thought with the Shiite approach such as Harufiyeh, Moshasheieh, Noorbakhshieh and Nemat Elahieh in transferring the Iranian intellectual approach from Sunni to Shiite in the ninth century AH finally provided the grounds for the emergence of the Safavid Shiite government in every way. How Sufism was incorporated into Shi'ism is one of the topics that has always been questioned by scholars.This research seeks to study the proximity and connection between Sufism and Shiism in the ninth century AH with a descriptive and analytical method and analyze its consequences. It was especially religious in connection with Sufism and Shi'ism of the previous period.

With the rising of Iranian Mahdīsts as the Nūrbak̲h̲s̲h̲īyya in the Tīmūrids era, similar movements were started in Indian sub-continent from late of the ninth century A.H. that the main goal of their leaders like Sayyid Muḥammad D̲j̲awnpūrī, the founder of Mahdawīyya Current who was close to the Sunnis, was to create social flow around their claims of Mahdīsm. The question of this research is what are the possible similarities and differences between the two Currents of the Mahdawīyya and the Nūrbak̲h̲s̲h̲īyya? In present article their beliefs, methods of social interaction and political and military actions have been compared and shows that in some cases, the leaders of the Mahdawīyya and the Nūrbak̲h̲s̲h̲īyya pretended to have the support of the leaders of Ṣūfism. Both sometimes promoted their conception of Ṣūfism instead of  some principles of their own tarāʾiḳa and formed armed groups. Yet, the efforts of the Mahdawīyya leaders to preventing disciples from learning science and communicating with Non-Mahdawīs and the belief of the Nūrbak̲h̲s̲h̲īyya to primacy of Sharīʿa over Ṭarīka and to kind of Transmogrification are most important differences between the two Currents.

The Shiite-Sufi movements of the Timurid era emerged on the basis of common components. The leaders of these movements, realizing the temporal and environmental requirements and seizing the opportunity, tried to achieve success by taking advantage of the existing common components and using all their capacities. They cleverly and, of course, ambitiously tried to take advantage of the vacuum created by the fall of the Abbasid caliphate and the decline of the patriarchal power, and by using Sufi obedience, along with motivating the Shiite revolutionary teachings and the potential mobilizing power of Mahdism, pave the way for these movements. The three movements of letters, Moshasheian and Noorbakhshieh played a prominent role in this regard. This research seeks to answer the question that under the influence of what factors the common components of the three movements of the alphabet, the radiant and the enlightenment caused the convergence of these groups? It seems that the most important factor in the convergence of Shiite-Sufi movements is the religious tolerance of the Mongols. In addition, the existence of common claims and the emergence of a great dervishes with a justified face who were also friends of the Ahl al-Bayt (as) can also be other influential factors in this regard. Analytically, descriptively, while criticizing and examining the common components of the three movements of the alphabet, the radiant and the enlightened, the causes of the convergence of the mentioned movements should be examined.