جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « farahan » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Coins are one of the most important findings in archaeological excavations, which are the best examples of historiography after geographical and historical sources and texts. By and analyzing the information contained in them, information about each region in various fields such as history, culture, economy, politics, religions and social conditions can be completed and more accurate judgments about the identity of that community can be obtained. In the archeological excavation of 2009, in the historical site of Zolpabad, Farahan, Markazi province, twenty complete coins and five cut scissors were found, which we will study in this research. The purpose of this study is to read the calligraphy,mint place, motifs and visual elements used in their decorations in order to achieve a connection with religion, language, calligraphy and their use in commercial and cultural exchanges. The present study is a historical research based on nature and method, descriptive-analytical research based on archaeological field and a library studies. The most important of questions in this research are: the coins discovered from the archeological excavations of Zulfabad What are period and which of the rulers? What are the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of these coins and what are the visual elements governing the decorative motifs struck on them? And what does indicate the presence of these coins in this site  ? The results of this research show that the coins discoverd from Zolfaabad are belong to three early rulers of the Ilkhanid period, namely HulaGu, Abaqa Khan and Ahmed Tekuder. These coins have inscriptions in Uyghur and Kufic script, Religious inscriptions in geometric decorative frames consisting of circles and squares, floral motifs and squares are the most visual representations used in these coins.

Māhī Darham (Twisted Fish) pattern is one of the oldest carpet designs in Iran, which had been woven and presented in most of Iran’s schools and centers of carpet weaving for a long time. Farahan is one of these centers that introduced to the world from the middle of Qajar era by Tabriz merchants with local and then its classic carpets such as Sarooq. The pattern of the Māhī Darham, in the local term as Herāti, is one of the most important and prominent designs of the Farahan region, which in the past was woven and presented in various forms and structures. In this article, while introducing examples of Māhī Darham design from different regions of Iran and the world, various forms of Māhī Darham forms in Farahan carpets are analyzed and described. Existence of eleven forms in Farahan Māhī Darham is one of the most important findings of this research which are: Māhī Zanbūrī, Fandoqī, Ādābī, Ḥaydarzādeh, Sag Māhī, Morḡ va Māhī, Māhī Mašāyeḵī, Māhī Lačak va Toranĵ, Māhī Toranĵ dar Toranĵ, Māhī Sar tā Sarī (Yek Sareh) and Māhī Kaf Sādeh. This is a basic research based on and descriptive-analytical research method with data collected through Library and mostly field study.

Farahan plain is a wide and flat plain with suitable agricultural land located in the middle of central province. This region is geographically important due to its proximity to the center of the Iranian plateau from the north and northeast and central Zagros from the west and southwest. Archaeological investigations in this plain have led to the identification of settlements from the Late Stone Age to the contemporary ages, especially the historical period. In the meantime, two Kura araxes sites with gray-black pottery were identified for this culture. These settlements are located to the south of Farahan Plain and along the southern shore of Lake Meyghan to the center and south of Farahan Plain. These settlements are located on the runoff of the water flowing from the Haftad qolleh Mountains. The question that arises here is from what direction or paths did the Kura-Araxes communities enter the west and center of the central province, and essentially what factors or factors contributed to their presence in the region. It seems that the Yanik communities enter the Central Province through either the Malayer to the south or the Famenin Plain route to the Central Province, crossing the eastern margin of the Central Zagros Mountains and settling in the midwestern valleys of the western province and the middle of the Farahan plain. The presence of the Gharey Chay River in the west of the Central Province, as well as the seasonal rivers that flowed in the Lake Meyghan basin, may be the major contributors to their presence in the region. The range of these populations extending eastward into the Iranian plateau is one of the other questions raised in this study. In this study, while studying the environmental conditions of the area, the causes and how these settlements were established in the area during the old Bronze Age and how to enter them.

Undoubtedly, historical documents are one of the most important sources for reliable and trustworthy historiography. Each of the documents in terms of content can be examined separately and in detail. In the case of historical documents, it should be noted that these documents are always present in the court of historical justice as objective witnesses to history. Let’s examine the content and structure of some documents from Komijan region of Markazi province. These documents are in fact petitions of Komijan and Farahan people to the National Assembly in 1305. In these documents, the people of the region have asked to send a doctor to take care of the region’s health. The parliament requested the issuance of a permit for a person named “Hamze pezeshki “. Since these documents are related to the history of Pahlavi Iran and examine some of the social problems of the region, it can be a witness to the social situation of the country in the early Pahlavi period. During the study of these documents first introduced the Komijan and Farahan region. And then we take a look at the history of health in Iran and the impact of World War I on Iran’s health, and then we look at the documentation of documents and their content.

Regardless of the reasons that led to the Mongols’ invasion of Khwarazmshah’s kingdom, Khwarazmshah’s confrontation with the Mongol army needs to be investigated historically. The historical sources indicate that the Sultan encountered the Mongol army once upon fleeing their siege; however there is no clear historical evidence as to when and where the battle took place. Through a descriptive-analytical methodology and investigation of the meager amount of the historical evidence surrounding the confrontation between the Sultan and the Mongol army, the present article demonstrates the historical rapports of the Sultan’s confrontation with the Mongols army. Such a demonstration clarifies the qualities of the only battle he had with the Mongol army and points to a more concrete spatial and temporal anchor of the confrontation and its arena historically. The article shows that although the Sultan retreated, he was forced to confront the Mongol army in August, 1220 (Jumadi II 617 A.H.). By then, the army had caught up to the Sultan’s envoy. It is known as a historical fact that the Sultan fled the battle and left his army to be butchered by the Mongols. It needs to be emphasized that contrary to the scholarly claims of some researchers who believe that the battle took place in the Malayer Plain, the article will prove that it occurred in the Farahan Plain.