جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "southeast of iran" در نشریات گروه "تاریخ"

The site of Narjuiyeh III is located on the eastern natural mounds of the Narjuiyeh village, from the west overlooking Halil River. Scattering of the fourth millennium BC, especially typical Aliabad type are visible on these mounds. Traces of illegal excavation are also available as pits and holes all over the site. Aliabad ceramics are pottery dating back to the fourth millennium BC (Chalcolithic) in the southeast of the Iranian plateau, first excavated and reported by Caldwell from Aliabad in Bardsir of Kerman, and then have been found and reported from fourth millennium layers of Tell Iblis (Iblis IV) which eventually became known as Aliabad Culture (Caldwell, 1967). Ali-Abad culture potteries (Chalcolithic age) dates back to the 4th millennium BC in southeast of Iran which the distribution of its potteries include the regions of Kerman, Balouchistan and Pakistan. Aliabad pottery in the south-east of the Iranian plateau is one of the most important and prominent pottery types in the Chalcolithic period (Eskandari and Mollasalehi, 2017), which for more detail understanding about this culture in addition to archaeological studies, requires scientific archaeometric analysis and methods; therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate, study and further understand the fourth millennium BC pottery of Aliabad culture from Jiroft’s Narjuiyeh III site and understanding the expansion of this culture by using structural and technical studies of pottery of this period. At the same time, it has been attempted to use the method of mineralogy (petrography) to get information about how to process the paste, clay type and used temper, conditions, heating and temperature of baking in the furnace, as well as the understanding of the origin of pottery of this area. Archaeological studies show that Aliabad culture in the southeast of the Iranian plateau was the dominant culture of the region in the fourth millennium BC. In this study, it has been attempted to obtain mineralogical information regarding pottery (Aliabad pottery) using library and thin section petrography studies. The polarized binocular microscope JamesSwift made in the United Kingdom at the Petrographic Laboratory of the Institute for Restoration and Conservation was used for microscopic study of the studied pottery.

Parthian sites on the northern coast of the Hormuz Strait were totally unknown till we increased our knowledge on the Parthian pottery from the Persian Gulf littorals in the recent years helping identify and record a large number of Parthian sites on the costs of the Hormuz Strait and Qeshm Island in particular. Surveys conducted on the Qeshm Island recorded 23 hinterland، littoral and burial sites. Though، the site location patterns remain intact، the results of these surveys suggest that by the Parthian period the number of sites and the population have increased with the sole exception being higher concentration of Parthian sites on the Turian plain and southern coasts of the Island (around the modern Bangali village). Areas on the Island which extent unsettled began to host some occupations particularly، on western half، and the dense settlements in the Turian plain remained unchanged، where the highest concentration of the 3rd millennium B. C. up to the Achamenid sites are attested. In fact، in the Parthian period the population growth sets the stage for the extension of the settlements to the hitherto unsettled areas of the Island as well. Moreover، the developed and expanded trade and establishment of adequate facilities related to exploitation of water and environmental resources leads to occupation of the coastal areas. The Parthian sites are larger than their earlier sites; the settlements all are in form of small or large sedentary villages or littoral sites and there is no large site with characteristics of an urban center was identified. In this period، Qeshm reflects cultural way of the southeastern regions in that the diagnostic wares of these regions (The coarse black ware) are present in the surface collections. The survey data of the Qeshm Island suggest a conspicuous increase in settlements and cemeteries during the Parthian period than those we know from Achamenid and Iron Age periods. The most significant interpretation one may infer، is that the maritime trade has splendored during the Parthian period، but it would not be the sole factor in wealth and economic prosperity of the Island. It should be emphasized that all coastal sites with exotic items should not be necessarily considered as trade center، but as they provided exotic items they may be included as a part of the indirect trade system; i. e. these items came to these sites from somewhere else of their origin، or these sites were mid-way sites to the final destination. These sites had not been established essentially as a trade center، but for other reasons، for example as small finishing villages. Although they were not as a trade center، but has had easy access to exotic items likewise. Dofari، Ramchah and Laft 1 were such sites. Close resemblance between Parthian ceramics of Qeshm sites with those of northern and southern coasts of the Persian Gulf suggests some interactions and indicate the incorporation of inhabitants of these sites into a larger network. But where these potteries came from? Considering the large distribution of pottery in these sites، it seems that the production of pottery was a specialized business which would not have took place in sedentary sites. There are some sites، for example، in Minaab area that were workshop and industrial in character. It seems that Qeshm Island was a hybridization zone for two regional traditions (Southeastern Iran and Southeastern Arabia)، because there are frequent examples of painted، coarse black ware with red and brown slip and glazed ware which were recovered from the sites of Southeastern Iran and southern coasts of the Persian Gulf.