جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Historical Theology » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

After four decades have passed since the Islamic Revolution, a collection of various works about the history of this great event has been published. These works are the result of the efforts of researchers and historians and official and unofficial scientific and academic institutions and centers inside and outside the country, which ultimately led to the formation of the historiography of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. Historians narrate the history of the revolution according to their knowledge. Therefore, they have different perceptions of the revolution and its ideals. This has led to the creation of various works in this field and has ultimately contributed to the quantitative and qualitative growth of the historiography of the revolution. It is clear that the historiography of the Islamic Revolution cannot be evaluated in the continuation of the official historiography approach of the Pahlavi period due to its special features and components. On the other hand, the historiography of the Islamic Revolution is related to its historical tradition and is not created in a vacuum and all at once. For a correct understanding of the historiographical themes of the Islamic Revolution, it is first necessary to have a clear understanding of its intellectual foundations and sources. Western schools of thought, Iranian and Islamic traditions, and the world of historians, each of them somehow influenced the emergence and continuation of what we know as the historiography of the Islamic Revolution. It is not possible to examine this issue from all aspects in the form of an article. Therefore, the author has tried to focus on a very effective component in this field, and that is the relationship between the historiography of the Islamic Revolution and theological beliefs. For this purpose, some examples of the historiographical works about the Islamic Revolution in the period from 1340 to the present day have been examined. By critically examining these works, it can be seen that the historiography of the revolution, especially the historiography of the religious spectrums which later became the official historiography of the Islamic Revolution, is more than any other factor closely related to the theological thoughts of Islam and It has been formed especially for the teachings of the Shi'a. Therefore, the approach of many official historians of the revolution and the reading they present of the history of the revolution and its developments have a theological basis. The link between theology and history forms the main structure of the official historiography of the revolution.

If Fiqh ol-Ravayeh like Fiqh ol-Hadith is regarded in the array of sciences on the analysis of historical reports, it can be designated as one of the bases of analytical history. Conversely, the analysis of historical reports related to the historical theology has not yet made methodical and systematic. Considering the category of method in the domain of historical theology and putting emphasis on the reports related to histories such as the history of Quran, the history of hadith, and the history of interpretation, this article tries to propose a new method of historical analysis as a reflective analysis method. In this method which is based on the reflection of historical report in the external space, the initiation of problem principle signifying the amount of non-resolvability of the status of statement of report on status over the statement of report and the principle of reflective recurrence as the opposite of problem provides the more accurate ground towards the analysis of historical reports. The administration of these two principles is an obstacle towards false interpretation and fallacy in the historical analysis and it strengthens the historical reasoning.

Reasoning (or citing) historical accounts is the most important element in historical theology, which has shaped the main space of this essay. The fact is that the category of reasoning and citation in historical theology requires method, but what is commonly observed is that these arguments are usually abandoned without any explanation. The implication of a report can also be reflected in the kind of reflection that the report finds in the space around it. 'Problem' is a remarkable phenomenon in this reflective space. One of the rules that can be laid out in the reflection space is 'problematic'. That is, issuing (or quoting) a report, rather than being a constant and telling affair, tells an issue out of the ordinary. This article explores the principle of problematic and its implications for the analysis of historical and religious texts. In fact, it can be said that problematic is a linguistics principle that is used extensively in the analysis of history and, in particular, historical theology.

One of the important issues in the field of “historical theology” is the analysis on the nature of the term “book”. Ignoring the structural change in the history of Islamic civilization is one of the backgrounds for misinterpreting the term “book” and thus misunderstanding the analysis of the heritage of Islamic civilization. Paying attention to this restructuring prevents the formation of incorrect analyzes on various topics in the history of Islamic culture, such as “Hadith writing”, “prohibition of writing”, “inventing Hadith”, “Hadith communities”, etc. in the first centuries of Islamic civilization, which it is strongly criticized by Orientalists. By establishing, interpreting and explaining the view of the applicable-mediating nature of the “Book” along with its “spoken-written” nature in the first centuries of Islam, this article aims to criticize the prevailing view of the analysis of the history of Hadith, in order to correct and promote of arguments in the field of historical theology. This article also strengthen the hypothesis that the prevailing view on the analysis of the history of Hadith, which has been influenced by the approach of orientalists, has deviated sharply from the standard model of “Book” in the earlier centuries.