جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Islamic History » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib was a companion and uncle of the Prophet (PBUH). There are conflicting narratives about him in historical sources. He was the ancestor of the Abbasid dynasty and the beginning of the Abbasid empire coincided with the compilation of Islamic sources. At that time, they had disputes with the Alawites, which arose from the crisis of the legitimacy of their government. These cases show that it is necessary to examine how the character of Abbas was formed in historical and narrative sources and how the political discourse of the Abbasids influenced this process. This research has been conducted by historical analysis method and using narrative, Rijal and historical sources. The finding is that Abbas did not become a Muslim until the conquest of Mecca, and the narratives that praise him and show spiritual dignity for him and his family must be disregarded. Actually, his character was formed during two stages under the influence of the Abbasid government's need for legitimacy. In the first stage, the Abbasids aligned themselves with the Alawites to legitimize their rule. However, after uprising of descendants of Imam Hassan, the legitimacy of their government faced a crisis. Therefore, in order to solve the problem, they had to pretend that after the Prophet, Abbas, who was his uncle, inherited the caliphate from the Prophet by proposing the theory that the inheritance goes from an individual to his uncles. Moreover, in order to justify the character of Abbas, they honored him through praise quotes.

The article "Defense and Validation in Shii and Sunni Tradition:The Case of Muhammad b. Abi Bakr" among the valuable articles of Mrs. Yazagi, which has a new perspective and approach in dealing with the hadith, historical and narrative figures of the early days of Islam, and can be used as a model for historical, narrative and even royal studies. By analyzing the content of the existing narratives about Muhammad bin Abi Bakr in the Shiite and Sunni sources, the author has challenged Islamic narrative writing; From his point of view, Muslim narrators have reported events from the point of view of their religion as a result of getting involved in religious disputes. The methodical and content evaluation of this article indicates that despite the author's relatively innovative approach in the study of historical figures, due to some methodological problems, not all of his findings can be confirmed. Besides, ignoring some information sources such as royal sources and some historical sources as well as some content problems are among the most important problems of this study.

Civilization, that is, adherence to specific rights and customs, is a development that has long been welcomed and disputed in human societies with different religious, political, etc. approaches. Certainly, the realization of any transformation depends on the ways to achieve it, and one of its most important elements is the formation of the government or, in today's terms, the existence of the government.In societies that rely on religion, looking at the two categories of government and civilization will be based on a religious attitude. Therefore, in the Imamiyya school, these two categories based on jurisprudence and the data of the Qur'an and the life of the Infallible, peace be upon him, have emerged and proven, and the realization of the government based on Islamic civilization is the hope of all Shia thinkers, which is the correct definition of the era of the emergence of the Promised Imam of God.This study analyzes the conceptualization of civilization and government in the political thought of Sheikh Fazlullah Nouri against the most famous influential figure of constitutionalism with a historical approach and its comparison with the data of Imami jurisprudence and the history of Islam and the method of collecting information. It has been a library; To make it clear: the actions of the deceased for the realization and preservation and development of civilization and the implementation of the law, freedom, and dignity of the nation were formed based on the holy Islamic law and the formation of a divine civilized government.

The spread of Islam from the Arabian Peninsula to the east and west had a great impact on the region's communications; Thus, the intercultural and multicultural feature is one of the main features of Islamic art, especially in the Mediterranean area, where the three continents of Asia including Europe and Africa are connected by Mediterranean Sea. The Shiite Fatimid Caliphate (297-567 A.H) that ruled parts of southern Italy, northern Africa, the Levant and parts of Saudi Arabia for more than two and a half centuries is one of the best examples of intercultural and multicultural interaction in the history of Islamic art. Although the geographical feature of the Fatimids provided the basis for the growth of the multicultural character of their murals, such a profound transformation required other causes and reasons as well. Descriptive-analytical method for writing and library study has been used to collect data in this theoretical research. Contextualism also provides a good framework for analyzing works of art in their historical context. The outcome of this research clarifies those schools and techniques of different cultures, sects and races that were present simultaneously in the Fatimid lands. Instead of indigenous opportunities of Mediterranean region, the flourishing multicultural art of the Fatimid murals was derived from political transition, freedom of religion, backing Shia Muslims and economic growth of the era which provided fertile ground for foreign painters from Iraq, the Byzantium Empire and the Armenians.

Reasoning (or citing) historical accounts is the most important element in historical theology, which has shaped the main space of this essay. The fact is that the category of reasoning and citation in historical theology requires method, but what is commonly observed is that these arguments are usually abandoned without any explanation. The implication of a report can also be reflected in the kind of reflection that the report finds in the space around it. 'Problem' is a remarkable phenomenon in this reflective space. One of the rules that can be laid out in the reflection space is 'problematic'. That is, issuing (or quoting) a report, rather than being a constant and telling affair, tells an issue out of the ordinary. This article explores the principle of problematic and its implications for the analysis of historical and religious texts. In fact, it can be said that problematic is a linguistics principle that is used extensively in the analysis of history and, in particular, historical theology.

The Shiite religious rituals for a period of two centuries were held through the support and backing of the Safavid government. However, the consequences of holding these rituals have not been examined and investigated as expected. The historical researches have mostly considered the manner of holding these rituals. The present study attempts to deal with the results of holding these ceremonies in this historic era which might shed some light on processes of holding these rituals. The consequences are investigated from three main perspectives: "political consequences", "religious and cultural consequences", and "social consequences". It must be stated that holding these religious Shiite rituals in domain of the Safavids led to the political independence of them and increased their legitimacy. This also boosted power of these rituals and affected their quality and quantity. However, the spread of religious rituals led to their entrance into the general culture of the society. It also helped the use of figures of speech and rhetorical devices in the rituals which intensified the rhetorical tensions among the sects.

The necessity for moving center of Islamic Caliphate is among those subjects which always mattered during different period of Islamic history and follow-ed by important effects. Changing the center of Islamic Caliphate from Medina – as the first Islamic government capital – to newly established city of Kufa, is considered one of the most important events of highness Ali (peace be upon him) Caliphate period. This alteration played an important role in shaping political events between  to  A.H. This city established in  A.H during Omar Caliphate, used as a military base and logistic center to make sure Arab achievements in Iran would continue, but eventually by increasing emigration of Arab tribes, Kufa became an important effective center in political and cultural affairs and served this special place during the Caliphate of highness Ali (PBUH) and Umayyad dynasty. On this basis, the article tries to survey briefly the reasons of changing Caliphate center from Medina to Kufa.