جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « اتباع » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

One of the common topics in Persian grammar is the topic of "citizens". It can be said that this issue is one of the cases that arises outside the control of linguists and completely with the direct involvement of people in the language, and its law and rule have not been chosen by experts and have not created a stereotyped system and style. The present article is a research to understand the process of formation and prevalence of citizens in Persian language and literature as a new style in people's speech. In this research, literary works after the Constitutional Revolution (which is the time of the rise and prevalence of citizens) have been examined and after comparing the use of citizens in the old style, a new division has been made and named for citizens; Also, the effect of human feeling in the use of such combinations has been studied for the first time and along with extracting the cases of nationalities in the works of contemporary writers and poets, the formation and creation of this language style and its prevalence have been stated.

The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method is documentary (library).

Citizens, before being a kind of compound in grammar, is a special style of speech that has entered the linguistic and literary styles from the colloquial language of the people in the present age.

The influence of people on social stories and articles - especially in the constitutional period when people were very involved in politics and reading articles and stories of that day - had a great impact on the prevalence of the use of negligent composition and also the effect of colloquial language on these works. Is. Works that have colloquial language and quotations from the language of the people of the street and the bazaar in their text, such as: Ebrahim Beyk's travelogue, Dehkhoda's nonsense articles, Jamalzadeh's works and other authors, have benefited more from national compositions, especially negligent ones. They had a language style.

Kalhori Kurdish dialect is one of the vernaculars of the southern branch of Kurdish language (Kurdish language has three branches north, central and southern) that most of its speakers live in the cities of Ivan-Gharb and Sarablah of Ilam province and Islamabad-Gharb and Gilan-Gharb in Kermanshah province. Since linguistic studies consider Kurdish to be one of the most widely used languages in Persian, the concepts, words and combinations of this language, like Persian, are derived from the relations and proportions between words, one of which is the existence of citizens in the language. Therefore, the authors of this study have lead the present research in an integrated-field study method (direct conversation with Kalhori speakers of Gilan-Gharb and Ivan-Gharb regions) and with reference to library sources (referring to authoritative books related to Kalhori dialect) and they try to answer these questions: 1- Are there any dependency in the Kurdish dialect of Ivan-e-Gharb and Gilan-e-Gharb? 2- In the Kurdish dialect of Ivan-e-Gharb and Gilan-e-Gharb, what is the relationship between the word base and dependency (function)? 3- What are the differences and similarities between the dependency in the Kurdish dialect and the other in the Persian language? One of the results of this research in terms of semantic, function, structure and music, in the Kalhori dialect clarifies the dependency is exactly similar to the dependency in the Persian language. With the difference that the frequency of the function to the subject in Kalhori dependency is higher than the preceding the function to the subject in Persian language. Another difference is the existence of dependency switcher in Kurdish, which was not found in Persian. These practical differences and alterations indicate that Persian and Kurdish, with all their structural similarities, and adaptations, are two independent languages, and addressing such small and subtle differences can reveal aspects of the two languages' independence.

Because the soul of Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Mowlavi was mixed with music and the music had penetrated in all aspects of his existence, his poetic works are full of phones, intonations and musical elements. According to his poems, especially his sonnets, it can be concluded that he was scientifically and even practically expert in music of his time. When his speech becomes full of rhythm and music, one can understand the meaning of his words, and that the music of the poem is rooted in the cosmos and "sounds" of any kind are the best tools for creating music in his opinion. These sounds and intonations represent Mowlavi's enthusiastic and roaring soul that always moves and struggles restlessly. Music helps him significantly to get "meaning" from the "word". Among the various kinds of music, in Mowlavi's verses, one can find a type of music that sounds and their repetitions play an important role to create it. In this music of sounds, which is created through a harmony between consonants and vowels and relates to the internal music of the poetry, Mowlavi has abundantly used sound (quasi-sentence), onomatopoeia, subsidiaries (apparently obscure but music producer words), and prosodic elements.

The present study is to investigate reduplication process in Mazandarani as a collective factor although there is reduplication of non-collective factor and non-repetition collection. Reduplication in Farsi is applied to coin new vocabulary as well as such concepts as emphasis, intension, addition, continuity, congestion, and indefiniteness to add version to the base of the word. Meanwhile, it generalizes the basic meaning and changes its part of speech. Reduplication in Mazandarani is not only a collective factor bust also so generative that its interlocutor, while speaking in Farsi, applies it. The study of a set of written documentation asserts that the collective reduplication bases in Mazandarani is based on noun, adjective, and plural personal pronouns. Based on such evidence, a variety of its categories are as follows: complete reduplication, terminating complete reduplication, illformed pre-reduplication, suffix, ill-formed pre-reduplication, and adjective reduplication, noun pluralization, noun reduplication, and noun pluralization before preposition application. This process influences those words pluralized by the plural suffix “un” to make them plural again.

Dictionaries are regarded as the basic criteria in language teaching and research; therefore, they are expected to be free from analytic fallacies. However, it seems that there are some inconsistencies in the definition of the morphological units in Persian dictionaries. In this article, echo reduplications (or Etbâ’) are studied in the text of LoghatNâme by Dehkhodâ. To this end, after defining the process of echo reduplications, all the entries which have been labeled to belong to this category, were extracted and analyzed according to the linguistic definitions available for echo reduplication. The analysis revealed that many of the entries with an echo reduplication label have not been treated correctly, and this error takes its roots from either referring to the echo contractions in other languages, or sticking to the traditional definitions of this issue.

In accordance with a great deal of documents in poems and prose, wefind that the language of people, in Market and every where, has been alignwith and coordinated to formal language from the beginning of Persianlanguage to present age. it caused Some gramamatical sbjects such af :sout noun, Takhfif, Gholb, Ebtal and etc. it is still evolving in formal andofficial language and after Centuries it is Considered as Speaking language. On the other hand, speaking language is being used in formal languagein the parts incloding adding sign, Mambers, setoric words, Monada,counting unit, and etc. it added new points to grammatical Subjects andCaused some changes which are in this paper, it was tried to show someeffects of Speaking language on Persian language grammar and Point thegreat Contemporary poets Contribution to linking the poetical and formallanguage to the common language to some documents from differentperiods specially present period.