جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « باغ بلور » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

This article proposes a solution to the text"s hidden ideology in a novel within the layered stylistics framework.Two famous novels of the revolution"s first decade, The Winter 62, written by Esmail Fassih, and the Crystal Garden, written by Mohsen Makhmalbaf, have been studied as case studies. This solution is based on a hypothesis that by extracting repeated words belonging to major ideologies, the word with the highest frequency and is probably the ideological center of the work can be reached. By discovering this word and examining its usage in the text, it is possible to get to the ideological orientation of the work.

In this research, by focusing on The Winter of 62 and the Crystal Garden books, using the library method and within the layered stylistics framework, each of the words that belonged to or were close to the proposed ideologies or their frequency was significant, were extracted and categorized. Subsequently, the usage of the highest frequency word was examined in terms of ascribing adjectives, the halo of words, confronting opposite words, and checking the verb form in the sentences with that word in the books mentioned.

The central word in the novel The Winter 62 is the word "Iran," and in the novel, the Crystal Garden is the word "woman," and how they are used is meaningful.

Considering how the central word of the two books under review is used, it is clear from different perspectives that the authors of both books have been biased toward the central word of their work. In this manner, it is practicable to evaluate the author"s orientation of The Winter 62 apropos to the word "Iran" in the nationalism ideology framework and the author"s orientation of The Crystal Garden apropos to the word "woman" in the feminism ideology framework.

Folk language and literature is one of the important indicators in the spiritual culture of any country, which has had more or less influence in Persian literature since long ago. Through the growth and expansion of Iranian fiction literature in the last hundred years and the tendency to use the elements of popular language and literature in the works created, we can see a significant growth of the reflection of popular language and literature in contemporary literature, especially in fiction. The sacred defense literature, especially the story, is no exception to this rule. The writers of the holy defense stories have also used elements of popular language and literature in accordance with the atmosphere and characters of their stories.

The present research was carried out by descriptiveanalytical method, the elements of popular literature in four stories of holy defense (Bagh Bolour, Dele Deldadegi, Zamin Sokhte, Zemesta62) were studied.

The authors of the holy defense stories, especially the stories studied in this research, were not inadvertence to the popular literature and used popular language and literature in advancing their narrative and in characterizing and creating atmosphere. In such a way that most of the slang terms, words and verses are expressed by the language of popular personalities, which shows the knowledge and mastery of these writers on the popular language and culture of Iran.

The results show that the elements of popular language and literature in the story of Zemestan62 had less reflection compared to the other three works; Because most of the characters in this story are people with university education who interact in an office environment. While the characters of the other three stories (Bagh Bolur, Dele Deldadegi, Zamin Sokhte) are ordinary people and they interact in the streets and markets, and their conversations are full of words, idioms and folk literature.

Analysis of conceptions and methods of describing the double contrasts in literary texts is one of the criticism methods in structuralism approach, and clarifies or interprets some hidden meanings of text. This paper comparatively analyzes the sexual contrasts in two novels of the 1980s (Bagh Bolour and Del Foulad) with two novels of the 2000s (Negaran Nabash and Kafe Piano). Level of studying the contrasts is two fundamental elements of narration: phenomenon and characterization. The general analysis of some contrasts existing behind the sexual view of texts on study indicates that: (1) double items of tradition/ renovation, freedom/ limitation, virginity/ prostitution, depression/ freshness are common in the novels of the 1980s; (2) the contrasts of today/ past, celibacy/ marital, realism/ idealism, mental sex/ physiological sex are different from the contrasts of two novels of the 1980s but the double items such as freedom/ limitation, tradition/ renovation, freshness/ depression are common in the novels of the two decades.