جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « طوطی و بازرگان » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

The rise of the feminist social movement in the 1960s and 1970s challenged various dimensions of the art world. Feminists' Attention to the Art of Logical Consequence The main commitment of feminism is to address the attitudes that men and women have towards the position of women in the society of their time. Art derived from this movement, by deliberately interpreting and refuting the meaning of all traditional aesthetic values ​​and by challenging the central core concept of art and the old focus of art history on painting, architecture and sculpture, has joined important artistic movements and created movements within it. Has also been. Illustration is no exception as a branch of the visual arts that has played a key role in both storytelling and information sharing, as well as in our understanding of the modern world. This research, which is applied from the perspective of purpose, has been done in a descriptive-analytical manner and by studying feminism and some forms of this thought seeks to answer the question of how feminist theories are reflected in contemporary works of art, especially in the field of illustration. In this regard, in the field of children's book illustration, among the works of two Iranian illustrators, the book Do Doost (Two Friends) by Hodā Haddādi and the book The Parrot and the Merchant by Marjān Vafāeiān, in which feminist approaches can be seen, were selected as an example. The results of this study show that the feminist approach in the works of these two illustrators goes beyond gender stereotypes and raises issues such as women's power of choice and activity, woman-woman and woman-nature relationship, women's presence in the public arena and women's job position in relation. Visible with power structure.

The story of "Parrot and Merchant" is one of the stories that appear in the commentary of Abul Fattuh Razi and Asrar Nameh of Attar and Masnavi of Rumi. This story has been studied from different angles such as social, mystical aspects, moral teachings, etc. In this article, this issue has been analyzed from the perspective of personality psychology. The general atmosphere of the story is in the form of code or metaphor so that in addition to an entertaining story, mystical and moral thoughts can be instilled in the audience in the best way, and in addition to that, the psychology of the characters of this beautiful story can be analyzed. This article tries to answer the question: Does the trapped parrot, which is the searching soul of man, reach perfection from the point of view of psychology? And finally, it can be seen that by overcoming the problems and hardships of life and trust To God and ignoring the appearances of the material world and apparent peace and prosperity, he can overcome many of his problems and reach the stage of self-fulfillment, which is the stage of perfection or the climax.

Sign-semantic is a new method in literary criticism that has never claimed to be an alternative to other approaches to literary criticism, but seeks to open new windows in meaning that are different from cognitive and superficial perceptions. This method challenges the depth and connection of words, and leads us to new and dynamic concepts. This research intends, by descriptive-analytical method; The anecdote (parrot and merchant) examines one of the most valuable mystical and allegorical anecdotes of the first book of Masnavi from the point of view of semantics, in order to explain the means of explaining the meaning and the conditions of the actor crossing limited structural boundaries and reaching the transcendental and aesthetic meaning. The active-shushi parrot rises so high in the ranks beyond an ordinary chicken that by distancing itself from the material, it becomes a living and guiding hen and transcends in the direction of divine unity, and the active trader is transformed in the face of deep emotional tension. And in breaking with himself, he walks on the path of happiness and reaches intuitive cognition.

In Literary Terms, Irony is a way of Speaking which could be Equivalent to Satire, Metaphor, Opposition, Image, Jest and ect. In other Words, Sarcasm or Implying Something unreal that Teases your Audience or makes them Bewildered could be Called Irony. This Concept began in Greece a long Time ago and then came into its Literalized and Reinforced Concept in Europe. Rumi’s Masnavi is an Ironic Works which to Understand it, the Ironical Parts Need to be Recognized and new Concepts Need to be Achieved. In the Article Ahead, after Defining Irony and an Introductory Statement of that, Classifying all Types of Irony and its Elements to Comprehend Irony has been Accomplished and at the end, the Function of Irony in the Stories of Rumi’s Masnavi has Surveyed and Brought in. In this Article the Basis of the Text Considered to Prove Irony in Masnavi was two Stories: “Parrot and Merchant” and “Grocery and Parrot”. Reading this Article came the Reader into the Conclusion that Masnavi Includes Involute and deep Layers which we can Pass them and find out more Precise Concept of Masnavi. At the end of this Article, it is Concluded that Masnavi Contains Nested and deep Layers that can be Traversed Through Irony and more Precise Concepts can be Understood.

In his critique of modern semiotics, Michael Riffaterre seeks to achieve a new reading of poetry by explaining the nature and function of poetic language in literary texts and by relying on the linguistic ability of the readers. The allegory of ‘the parrot and the merchant’ of Masnavi is a suitable context for adapting to the processes of the mentioned theory due to its special capacity and dialectical structure. The present study investigates in a descriptive-analytical way the origin of ‘recommending voluntary death with the help of getting rid of the pests of fame’ in the mentioned allegory and how it is developed through the processes proposed by Rifater’s theory. By examining these components, it is possible to understand that in the process of ‘accumulation’, in the second chain, the concept of ‘death’ which is the main building block of the subject was used to make the story more real. In descriptive systems, the macro-system ‘parrot’ is at the top of two other micro-systems due to having more constellations, which confirms that the anecdote revolves around the soul and related issues. In the process of ‘expansion’, due to the constant attention to typology and interest in the psychology of characters, by adding free themes and unnecessary actions, the concepts of annihilation and survival have become more believable.

The present paper examines the schools of thoughts of two poets and researchers from two different cultural geographies. In contrast with Molana, impressed by occidental school of thoughts, J. Salomé is a researcher with a different approach. The literary adaption of the anecdote "The Merchant and the parrot" from Masnavî by Salomé entitled "The tale of an infatuated man" denotes this belief that despite differences in their visions, they have commonpoints. To illustrate the point in occidental contemplative doctrine, metaphysical concepts have minute importance in contrast to the privilege of the same concepts in the beliefs of oriental mysticism and philosophy (not merely Iran). The influence of British philosophers on mainstream thinking, especially on French philosophy, resulted in positivism. Empiricism and observationhave been considered as the pillars of allegations and contemplative analyses. Focusing on the role of their common educational backgrounds and applying a comprehensive research on the ideas of Salomé and Molana, this research attempts to analyze the effect of one of the main elements of literary theosophy on western literature, and finally conclude that it has played a crucial role in recognizing the powerful culture and rich literature of Iran in western societies, endorseing the fact that Iranian Sufist and didactic literature has been exploited from a cultural standpoint.