جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "نظریه انتخاب" در نشریات گروه "ادبیات و زبان ها"

The present research was conducted with the aim of evaluating and analyzing the story characters of the first high school Persian books based on William Glaser's choice theory in the five areas of students' needs according to the mentioned theory. The method of information analyzing was in a qualitative-inferential way, the library method was used for collecting information, and the population included the first high school Persian books, i.e. seventh, eighth and ninth grades. According to the choice theory, human beings are evoked by five basic needs: survival, love and belonging, power, freedom, and enjoyment; and all their behaviors show their efforts to fulfill needs and resolve the conflict between them. Glaser believes what is called mental illness in traditional psychiatry is an inappropriate choice, and a choice of ineffective and insufficient behavior by which a person wants to satisfy his/her needs, and as a result, it can be easily controlled and treated. For this reason, the selection, organization, and compilation of content to satisfy these needs, in every curriculum and for all age groups, especially children and teenagers, should be intelligent, purposeful and taking into account the present, status and needs of the audience. The results showed that in the stories of the first intermediate books, the need for love and belonging was in a higher priority than the other four needs, and then, each of the needs for survival and freedom were also in the second priority with a total of 9 characters. After that, the need for enjoyment with 8 characters and finally the need for power with 5 characters were prioritized, and as a result of the analysis and interpretation of the data and statistical findings of the research, it was clear that the stories in the first high school Persian books were well chosen and compiled according to William Glaser's choice theory, and were suitable for the audience of this age group, his/her present and status.

One of the types of approaches to criticizing literary works is criticism from the perspective of psychology. Considering the centrality of personality element in both fields of literature and psychology, we find many common aspects between these two fields. Many components of the definition of personality in psychology can be seen in literary works. In this research, Glaser's theory of choice, which is one of the prominent psychologists of the last century, was used to examine various aspects of choice theory and reality therapy in the selected stories of Samad Behrangi and Hans Christian Andersen as prominent representatives of children's and adolescent stories. This essay examines the stories of Samad Behrangi's Little Black Fish and Hans Christian Andersen's Little Mermaid based on William Glasser's theory of choice. The purpose of the article is to explain the commonalities and differences of these two well-known stories in order to achieve a scientific and clear horizon for children and adolescent writers of the new era. This study was done in a descriptive-analytical way and it is a method of collecting library-documentary information. The research data shows that the theory of choice can be explained in the stories of Behrangi and Andersen. Also, all five needs defined by Glasser and the concepts of external control and ideal world are present in both stories. Both Behrangi and Andersen create characters who face reality, accept responsibility for their lives, and make the right choices.

 Undoubtedly, the concern of every person in life is to reach the ideal world that he cultivates in his mind and to achieve it, he tries to remove its obstacles. Needs are among the obstacles that can be removed to achieve a desirable life. Therefore, this motivation will lead a person to know and satisfy his needs. William Glaser is one of the psychologists who presented a theory based on internal control, called the theory of choice, in which he proposed five basic human needs, which include: survival, love, power, freedom, and fun, and he believes that every behavior of humans Head is in the direction of satisfying these five needs. Considering the deep relationship between the rich Persian literature and psychology, it is possible to analyze and examine the authentic works of Persian literature based on the world"s popular theories. The purpose of this research is to examine the basic human needs in the poems of Mehdi Hamidi Shirazi and Fereydoun Moshiri, relying on Golsar"s selection theory.

 The current research is a theoretical study that was conducted with a descriptive-analytical method, using the tool of sampling and referring to library sources. The studied community was the book of Ashke Maashuq, the collection of Hamidi Shirazi"s poems from the contemporary voice publishing house, and the reflection of Sobhdaman"s soul, the summaries of Fereydon Moshiri"s poems published by the Cheshme publication.

 The study of the poems of Hamidi Shirazi and Moshiri shows that the need for love is expressed more than other needs in their poems. Evidence of the need for survival, power, freedom, and fun can also be seen in the poems of the two poets mentioned above, which shows their attention to satisfying these needs in humans. In Hamidi"s poem, according to the frankness of his speech, and what he himself has expressed about his love, it is concluded that addressing each of the needs and satisfying them often depended on his success in his romantic relationships; On the other hand, Moshiri goes beyond the poet"s personal ego in expressing his feelings and inner needs, and considers the satisfaction of every need necessary and appropriate for everyone.

 Hamidi Shirazi and Moshiri were under the influence of factors that had a direct relationship with their inner selves in the creation of their poems, and this caused the basic human needs to appear in their poems.

According to William Glasser's choice theory, a "Quality World" is a set of images about life that man has in mind for a good life; these images represent the world in which he/she aspires to live. They are similar to those portrayed by Muslim mystics through the interpretation of the holy books and personal discovery and intuition. The present article, by using descriptive-analytical method, attempts to study the views of Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani and Ruzbehan Baqli about "Quality World" based on Glasser's choice theory. In the mystical literary discourse, the "Quality World" is important because the mystics, by drawing a picture of their ideal world, have led their followers to an accessible world; however, sometimes their ideal world is an abstract and inaccessible one. They depict their lived experiences in metaphorical language and interpret a surreal world in their realist texts. Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani and Ruzbehan Baqli describe the "Quality World" with terms such as "divine majesty", "Face of God", "archangelic world", "the garden of eternity" and "eternal world"; in this world, the connection with the Almighty and the annihilation of God is realized. These two mystics change the mental images of people by using a variety of descriptive methods and lead them to a qauality world - albeit an abstract one - in which inherent desires, such as calmness and meaningfulness of life, prevail.