جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « conjugation » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

This article aims to provide a clear picture of this treatise and its theoretical approaches in the field of Persian grammar and syntax. Due to the fact that Mafatih al-Dariyyah is considered one of the earliest grammar books, knowing it is very useful for understanding the grammatical background of the Persian language and for providing a complete picture of the evolution of the historical grammar. This research was done by descriptive-analytical method based on library sources and including manuscripts by examining, describing and analyzing. Also the grammatical pattern of this work has been introduced in this research. As a result of this research, it becomes clear that the treatise of Mafatih al-Dariyyah was largely influenced by Arabic grammar and did not go beyond the mere category of derivation of words in Persian. The author of this treatise, while explaining the rules in each of the grammatical subjects, has taken examples that are suitable for the subject; However, the sentence unit and its role in the Persian structure and syntax have not been paid attention to. Considering conjugation, words are considered to be nouns, verbs, and letters. As far as past tense verbs are considered, three types are deemed enough.Also in present tense obligatory participle and concrete continuous participle have not been taken into consideration. Imitating the Arabic tense for the Persian imperative, the absent imperative type is taken into account, and there is no mention of the future verb type with the auxiliary verb of wanting.

The aim of this paper was to find out what kind of possible linguistic changes may occur during translating a certain English text into Persian. For this reason, two passages, each one composed of approximately fourteen lines, were translated. Passage Num.1 was chosen from the book MAN AND HIS WORLD, and passage Num.2 from act one, scene one of the play ROMEO AND JULIET by Shakespeare. The motivation behind this was to study the linguistic/grammatical behavior of the two languages toward developing the same literary and half-scientific ideas. In addition, we tried to meet the goal from a contrastive analysis point of view. After careful comparison of the original texts with their translations, considerable differences were observed. These differences were grouped into three major levels: morphology, syntax, and semantics. In the end, based on the limitation of the passages, it was concluded that various linguistic behaviors can be observed in the levels already mentioned, while translating a text from English into Persian. Finally, based on and within the limitation of the passages selected, it was concluded that various linguistic behaviors can be observed in the levels already mentioned, during translating a text from English into Persian.On the other hand, this article is based on the contrastive analysis hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, the researcher, with the tools at his disposal, finds the possibility to correctly describe the two languages ​​in question and use the resulting descriptions to determine the existing contrasts or differences between two languages. Learning a second language basically requires overcoming the differences between the two linguistic systems of the first language and the target language.

"The Stories of MaŠdi Galin Ḫānom" is a collection of 110 Iranian folk tales written by Elwell-Sutton. These stories, with their cultural themes and special linguistic features, are an irreplaceable work among folk tales, and no independent research has been done on the linguistic stylistic features of these stories so far. The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the linguistic style of these stories at three phonetic, lexical, and syntactic levels.

The study method is descriptive and analytical. After probing the field of Persian prose, popular cultures, historical grammar and stylistic books, relevant data were extracted and categorized.

The linguistic features of the stories have made the book a valuable work in the field of stylistics. Turkish and foreign words, folk proverbs and allusions, word archaism, syntactic archaism, phonological processes, colloquial verb phrases, grammatical aberration, application of classifiers, catch phrases, indicators, lexical innovations, rhyming reduplication, initiating verbs, oaths, insults, etc. are evident in these stories. At the phonetic level, there are assimilations with the least frequency and metatheses with the highest frequency.

According to the background of the Persian language and using the old words that exist in the popular dialects of the Iranian people, it is possible to solve the problems of word formation and word selection in the Persian language to some extent. It is also possible to use their equivalents in the vernacular instead of the non-Persian words used in the language. These words can be considered as a support for Persian language and this linguistic capacity can be used. For example, instead of the Arabic words like massaneh (bladder), moattal kardan (delay), qollab (hook), Turkish qablameh (pot), French commode (chest of drawers), French bascule (big weighing machine), their Persian equivalents such as abgah, lang kardan, changak, komajdan, ganjeh, barkool, and the like can be used respectively.