جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "epic content" در نشریات گروه "ادبیات و زبان ها"

The actions and thoughts of the hero of the epic represent the aspirations and characteristics of a nation. For this reason, recognizing the characteristics of the epic hero is especially important in realizing his role in creating epic content, because the epic poet tries to emphasize the effective elements in creating the epic content by using the "heroic insight". In this research, which is done analytically-descriptively and with the aim of examining the role of "hero" in creating epic content, an attempt is made to rely on the story of "Rostam and Esfandiar", the characteristics of two unique heroes/hero of Shahnameh, namely "Rostam". (the hero of the world and the national epic of Iran) and "Esfandiar" (the hero – the Iranian prince of invulnerability) to be introduced and analyzed as the hero's influential vision in forming repetitive epic themes in Shahnameh. According to the findings of this study, the most prominent characteristics, thoughts, and actions of the two main heroes of the story "Rostam and Esfandiar", which led to the formation of the most epic story of Shahnameh are: the popularity and nationality of the hero, having a superficial character and signs of godliness, the importance of the race, the need to preserve the name and protect the sanctity of the free, the use of special weapons, the need for knowledge.

In the field of contemporary storytelling, recognizing the literary type of a work and its characteristics depends on assessing the constructive components of that story. One of the most important and influential of these components is the mood. Proper use of the mood is very important, especially in epic works. This is because the epic poet can convey the dominant atmosphere of the work to the reader. This study examines and identifies influential factors in mood and the creation of epic content in the story of “Haft Khan Esfandiyar” from Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. Considering Ferdowsi’s masterfulness in composing the national epic of Iran, analyzing the stories of Shahnameh is necessary in understanding the features of this literary genre. In “Haft Khan Esfandiyar,” Ferdowsi has created a mood and content appropriate to the nature of epic by using the element of “defamiliarization” in the form of celestial forces, natural elements, and magical affairs. Moreover, the heroism of Esfandiyar in passing through “Haft Khan,” with the help of hyperbole, which is an inseparable part of epic, has highlighted the epic mood of the story. In this story, exaggeration sometimes directly and sometimes in the form of similes, metaphors, irony or in the context, effect the epic mood of the story, and the proper use of these devices by Ferdowsi, together with defamiliarization, plays a significant role in creating the epic content of “Haft Khan Esfandiyar.”

In Pahlavi narratives based on the theme of Haft / Multi Khan (seven crossings), events and difficulties occur independently and with a specific purpose in the form of a special story for the hero. Haft Khan Rostam is also an adventurous voyage that the Iranian warrior sets out to rescue King Keykavus.One of the frequent narrative techniques in storytelling, especially in epic stories, is the use of the "atmosphere" element. The storyteller through creating atmosphere, through descriptions and detailing makes the work more effective and encourages the audience to know the continuation of the story and indirectly induces the dominant spirit of the work.One of the effective factors in creating an atmosphere appropriate to epic stories is the use of the epic poet's element of unlike habits and the elements of imagination in the creation of his work. The “unlike habit” is one of the most important elements of the epic and represents the course of events which is incompatible with logic and scientific experience and the existence of events and characters.