جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « المیتاسرد » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

The character is one of the most important elements in any novel, especially in meta-narrative studies in which this element come fictionally, or the character of the author in the text, and determines the problematic of the narration which may be studied within the narrative studies. As a sequence, this technique, known as Meta-narration, repeated frequently until the fiction overlaps the reality or a text comes within another text. The Sudanese author, Amir Taj Alsir, has very often applied this technique in different ways in his novels, especially in Taqs (Climate) where the narrator of the text is meanwhile an author of the novel. Accordingly, we find the novel Hunger Wishes inside the Taqs. As a result, develops the technique of Meta-narration which represents “a story taking place within another story.” As the reading of the novel proceeds, we’re going to introduce and distinguish the characters from the beginning to the end, for the reason of not reducing the surprise element and to give a clue of the ambiguity of the Meta-narrative plot. This article aims to study the meanwhile fictional and real character of Nishān Hamzeh Nishān who was created by the main character’s phantasy and entered in his real life, a technique that oriented this study to concentrate on meta-reality of the novel’s characters. Finally, the article studies Meta-narration, meta-narrative events of characters, fictional and real character, the internal and external structure of meta-narrative writing, meta-characteral fiction, meta-character and meta-narrator. Through this study, it turns out that the meta-character affects the navel plot and takes it beyond the narration. This study is carried out according to analytical-descriptive method and has come to results, the most important among which is that the character oscillates between the fiction and the reality in the meta-narrative text and helps the realm of the imagination until the illusion. It is also possible to use the expression “meta-character” as an independent technique, a process noticed a lot in Taqs (Climate) novel for the character Nishān Hamzeh Nishān.

Metafiction is a style of writing novel and a phenomenon that emerges from postmodern narration, and one of its features is experimentation and breaking the familiar patterns of the novel and there is no doubt that metafiction is a kind of displacement in the narrative and it tends to produce a new vision and a new discourse that dominates over the discourse that is known to everyone, and on this basis, metafiction opens more than one subject for the recipient. It also means "the story about the story," that is, the novel's talk about itself or the description of its inner world, and it discusses its critical perceptions about the narration. However, the attempt of metafiction to break and destroy the old and build it again in a different framework, is what made it a postmodern technique. It is important to say that "William Gass" is one of the famous who used this term in his critical studies. The phenomenon of metafiction has attracted the attention of researchers, and they are applying it to a number of Arabic and other novels; hence the idea of this research came to apply the features and forms of metafiction in the novel "Azazel" by Youssef Zaidan, based on the descriptive-analytical style. Hence, the aim of this research is to explore metafictive forms by analyzing their metafictive text to show the writer's creativity. One of the results we have reached in this research is that the metafictive style in this novel is seen through aspects such as: reference to writing, the rebellion of characters against the author, breaking chronology and other metafictive techniques.

“Hoda Barakat”, Lebanese writer, has particularly considered Meta narrative technique in novel of “Nightly mail” insofar as the technique is a fundamental element in her narrative experience and has a crucial role in constructing hidden artistic structure of her narrative text. Barakat, by means of the owners’ stories of five lost letters, attracts readers’ attention to real, assumptive, and utopian world of authorship and involves the readers in the play of the quintet letters. She utilizes Meta narrative overlap, Meta narrative characters, Meta narrative reading, and intertextuality in her novel and in this way attracts the readers’ attention to political-social states of immigrants. She has regarded Arabic human beings with themselves, homeland, and other Arabic countries and has discussed some questions about refuge, torture, rape, and refugees’ destiny in camps so that to emphasize on protection of their munificence which is affected by war and unorganized political state of the Arab world. The study has analyzed the signs of Meta narrative of the text in the novel by deconstruction approach and by the aim of finding the dominant literary status of the novel and effective internal motivations on the author’s narrative experience. The most important findings are that the writer recalls assumptive readers in the context purposely and by addressing the reader is to find her interaction with the reader in order to participation of the reader in storytelling.