جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « زنجیره تامین » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

Waste disposal is a pressing issue for humanity and has the potential to become a major crisis in the future. One of the best-proposed solutions is to reuse usable materials found in waste, which requires proper waste separation. Experts suggest that separation at the source is crucial, making a functional Reverse Logistics System (RLS) essential. This research aims to provide a structure that can practically redesign the RLS.

Specialists believe that BlockChain Technology (driving force of emerging technologies), has many potential capabilities, which can create many favorable effects in industries. In this research, BlockChain Technology has been used to redesign the RLS with a futuristic approach. That, the mutual collaboration of citizens and the waste collection company is necessary.

A system designed based on this structure is forward-looking and backed by a very effective driving force technology, capable of implementing any policy to increase the separation of waste at source and concluding smart-contracts. It is flexible against sudden increase or decrease in supply without causing audio and visual pollution in traditional systems. Additionally, it is very transparent, safe, and practical. With the proper allocation of the fleet, it can collect all segregated waste.

In this system, with a futuristic approach, waste segregation at the source increases significantly. Resource usage is reduced. The waste disposal problem is being managed. A circular economy is formed. The comfort of citizens increases. The damage to the environment is much less. And action has been taken to transform into smart cities.

Considering the increasing needs of the country’s defense supply chain to use the latest technologies in the field of strengthening the defense forces in the face of advanced threats and also the need to provide part of these requirements from abroad, but the international sanctions imposed against the Islamic Republic of Iran has been one of the challenges in this regard. In order to obtain the required technologies, the supply chain is forced to carry out commercial interactions with foreign countries, and due to the embargo of all industries related to the defense field, it is not possible to do this directly, and it is necessary to use internal intermediaries and contractors. It should be used in this regard that the requirement for this was the conclusion of contracts for the supply of goods and services, and sometimes in these contracts the contractors used the issue of sanctions as a force majeure and unforeseen event to fail to fulfill their obligations. This issue and the examination of the element of force majeure in commercial contracts have adopted appropriate solutions to prevent the occurrence of problems in contracts. The research method was a descriptive-explanatory mixed method with a tool for collecting library information and checking existing contracts. Considering the results obtained and the characteristics of the contracts concluded in the supply chain of the armed forces, such as confidentiality and financial and time limitations in the supply of items, one of the solutions is to prevent the contracts of these collections from entering into long judicial processes by using other levers and tools. It is specified in the law of contracts and the like, which is explained in the text of the research.

Since the whiplash phenomenon is an effective and decisive factor in supply chains; Therefore, an attempt is made to improve the performance of the defence industry of the Islamic Republic of Iran by controlling and reducing it. The current research tries to obtain an approach to improve the performance of supply chains. For this purpose, the effect of the whiplash phenomenon on multi-product, multi-stage and multi-level supply chains has been quantified based on time series, and a mathematical model has been obtained for it. In addition to that, other important and effective parameters such as the amount of target net storage have been studied. Also, the impact of the whiplash phenomenon on supply chains was obtained with the help of simulation and with the perspective of time series based on appropriate algorithms. To validate the findings, the results have been compared with a case study. Also, the effect of the whiplash phenomenon on the existing case study was optimized with the help of optimizer software, and as a result, it is found that the use of the time series model as a demand model and the daily inspection of distributors' inventory and the daily transportation of products to complete their inventory will reduce the whiplash effect. in the defence industry of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In addition, it was found that the daily inspection of the distributors' inventory and the shipment of the product on a daily basis to complete their inventory will have favourable effects.

The purpose of this study is to present the supply chain management model with regard to IoT technology in companies in the field of information technology in Tehran province. The present study is part of applied research according to the objectives it pursues and in terms of the work process is part of descriptive and survey research. It is an exploratory type. The statistical population consisted of experts familiar with the subject of research (managers, experts and professors fluent in the subject) which was interviewed in a non-random and purposeful way until theoretical saturation. The statistical sample was determined by snowball method. This research has used two open-ended and researcher-made questionnaires to collect the data needed to measure the studied variables. The scoring method of the second questionnaire is designed based on the Likert 5-choice spectrum. Experts' opinions were used to check the validity and the reliability was calculated with Cronbach's alpha and was equal to 0.79, which indicates the appropriate reliability of the instrument. Swat and system dynamics modeling were used to analyze the data. All analyzes were done with Venism software. The results showed that by modeling and simulating the effective factors on supply chain management and according to the factors, The effect of these factors on each other and how they are related has been shown that two scenarios were developed that attention to long-term time efficiency can improve the efficiency of supply chain management.

The present study seeks to identify and analyze the risks in the supply chain management of gas transmission lines with a combined approach of uncertain group decision making. The case study was selected by the National Iranian Gas Company. To achieve the research goal, all the mentioned risks in different supply chains were extracted using library studies. Then, duplicate factors were eliminated and an integrated total was obtained, which included 43 risks. Then, using Delphi technique, 43 variables studied were refined and variables unrelated to the gas supply chain were excluded. There were 37 factors that were used to determine the relationships between them using the fuzzy dimtel method. Using this method, 5 levels were determined, the first level as the most effective level and the fifth level as the most effective level. There were 16 factors in the first level and 2 factors in the 5th level; Other levels also assigned different amounts of risk. Finally, using the Mick Mac technique, the degree of penetration and dependence of each risk was determined.

Increasing demand for renewable energy has made the biomass a key source of renewable energy. The waste biomass has been given greater consideration at the global level, because of waste management and environmental protection policies. These resources have a large potential for electricity generation. The goal of converting them into electricity is waste management and environmental protection. Therefore, supply chain plays an important role in providing effective and efficient sources of waste biomass for energy production. In this article, first, through holding interviews with experts, waste biomass supply chain components were identified. Then, using the fuzzy cognitive mapping method, the causal relationships between components were investigated. The results showed that the out-degree of waste biomass production, pre-processing (separation), transportation, and storage in landfill place respectively is 5.5, 3.08, 2.97 and 2.86. Studying various scenarios showed that with increase in the impact of waste biomass production, the impact of other components of the chain would also increase. But with the increase in the impact of primary transportation, storage at the landfill, the effect of other components decreases respectively, to the extent that their effect is negatively affected. It can be concluded that the production of waste biomass is more influential and more important in comparison with other components of the supply chain in energy production

Most military organizations follow advanced and modern procedures for repairing and maintenance. However, after being used for a while, goods and equipment cause great costs and it seems that it is not economical to use them anymore. On the other hand, factors like weaknesses in developing standards, product variety, lack of quality control and most importantly, the prevailing culture of consumerism in society and military organizations, has influenced logistical supports for armed forces and caused some goods being unused and released. Hence, the need for planning strategic management of reverse logistics is inevitable. In this paper, it has been tried to gather needed information through interviewing selected experts and filling out Questionnaires, and in order to develop a reverse logistics strategies, analytical approach is used. Finally, the most important effective strategies for reverse logistics in armed forces are introduced.

Consumption pattern reform can be interpreted as adopting «appropriate and effective strategies to achieve optimum use of available resources and facilities”. Shortage of resources and facilities in line with programs and goals may be seen in every organization. Factors such as the increase of pressures، difficulties of dealing with certain affairs، technological complexities، specialization of tasks، acceleration of changes، uncertainty about the future، enlargement of organizations and so on، have caused organizations to revise their way of managing procurement chain and to adopt new strategies for better use of existing resources and improvement of consumption patterns. One of these strategies is» outsourcing«. Outsourcing strategy has been employed by many organizations، especially military and defense organizations، inside the country and abroad، one of which is logistics section. In this article، the effect of applying outsourcing strategy in reforming and improving consumption patterns in military organizations logistics is examined.