جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "قطعنامه" در نشریات گروه "علوم سیاسی"

The performance of the United Nations Security Council, in the nuclear case of the Islamic Republic of Iran, before and after the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is the subject of research by the participants and it is answered that the legal performance of the Security Council regarding the nuclear case of the Islamic Republic of Iran, before And how was it after the JCPOA and how are its effects and legal loopholes explained? According to the United Nations Charter, the Security Council is the most important pillar of the United Nations in safeguarding international security and peace. Before the JCPOA agreement, the Security Council approved crippling sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran by approving six resolutions, and after the JCPOA agreement, it approved Resolution 2231 and formalized the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) as an appendix to the aforementioned resolution. He forgave and canceled all his previous resolutions with this action. Therefore, this researcher aims to first determine which of the situations against international security and peace regarding the nuclear activity of the Islamic Republic of Iran was exemplified under the seventh chapter of the United Nations Charter, when the case was referred to the Security Council and the aforementioned resolutions were issued. Secondly, how and on what basis has the legal performance of the Security Council regarding the nuclear case of the Islamic Republic of Iran been after the agreement on the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) and the approval of Resolution 2231. Thirdly, what shortcomings, ambiguities and controversial points did the above-mentioned agreement contain, which created the ground for the withdrawal of the United States of America as the main negotiating party from the JCPOA, and as a result, the withdrawal of the United States of America from the JCPOA collapsed based on the JCPOA agreement. Iran's diplomatic efforts to resolve the propaganda concerns of the West, especially the United States of America, against peaceful nuclear activities by actively participating in the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) negotiations, finally by changing the presidency and transferring power from the Democrats to the Republicans, and the U.S. foreign policy turn America has practically prepared the ground for the escalation of hostilities and threats to international peace and security with the unilateral withdrawal of the United States of America from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) and the status of this international multilateral agreement has been left in an aura of ambiguity and impasse until now.

Today, terrorism is one of the most important issues for nations and governments in the world. Although certain parts of the world are more affected by this phenomenon than the others, its prevalence has almost become a security concern in most contemporary societies. We are witnessing efforts by the United Nations to counter the growth and activities of terrorist groups, especially as the crisis of terrorism became more of a threat to global security with the rise of ISIS and its transnational actions. This article through analytical and descriptive methods and by using library and website resources seeks to answer the question of what resolutions the United Nations has adopted against the terrorist group ISIL. The novelty of this study is that, unlike previous studies that have dealt with the Iraq-Syria crisis and the role of the United Nations during it, it intends to address only the issue of UN resolutions on ISIL in a coherent manner. The research findings show that since 2014 up until 2021, resolutions 2169, 2170, 2178, 2199, 2347, 2249 and 2462 are the most important UN resolutions adopted against ISIL. Resolution 2169 on the identification of ISIL as a terrorist group, Resolution 2170 on the dissolution of ISIL, Resolution 2178 on the recruitment of foreign fighters to ISIL, Resolution 2199 on the prohibition of buying and trading in oil and gas, antiques and historical objects with terrorists, Resolution 2347 on the Security Council Regarding the protection of the common heritage of humanity and cultural heritage, Resolution 2249 to destroy ISIL sanctuaries in Iraq and Syria, and finally Resolution 2462 on the fight against terrorism and the financing of terrorism; all were adopted to contain the activities of this terrorist organization

The United Nation as the most important international organization, has played a very important role in promoting the status of women in the world, and since its inception, it has placed women’s rights on its agenda and through the adoption of resolutions, declaration, covenants, conventions and holding international conferences and meetings, it has taken effective steps in this regard. The theory of feminism, specially liberal feminism which is considered in the framework of critical theories of international relations, and is one of the main concerns of those who believe in this movement has attempt to put an end to gender inequality and in support of women’s rights, it has helped the united nations to take effective actions to promote women’s status in the world. The present paper seeks to assess the relationship between feminist theory and its impacts on UN actions and in general, the role that this critical approach has placed in promoting the status of women and protecting women’s rights. In line with the subject, raised in this paper, the research question is how feminist approach has been able to influence the United Nations actions to protect women’s rights. In response, it seems that this critical approach from the very beginning of the United Nations had been able to take effective actions in achieving the desired goals and status of women’s rights, in light of Security Council resolution, 1325.

Crisis as one of permanent variables in international Politics replace war in nuclear weapon era.When crisis take place in regions with strategic importance, the issue of crisis management and role of (non)-governmental actors highlighted. Particularly those are active in peacekeeping, for example Security Council of United Nations. This organization with its actions has significant role in crisis management all over the word. With due attention to its actions, there is a question what factor affect on role of Security Council. Proposed hypothesis is that crisis nature, extension and Great power politics may affect on the role of international organization

In 2011, the United Nations Security Council put Syria situation in its agenda. Having its roots in unstable domestic social, political and economic problems, the situation, after seven years, is still remain in the council’s agenda. Meanwhile, the council’s members has drafted several resolution to put an end to the crisis. Notwithstanding, due to conflict of interests among the council’s permanent members and subsequently, the lack of consensus on certain issues, the efforts for adopting the proposed drafts were blocked. Although, by the end of 2017, the council was unable to find a definitive solution for the crisis, it made significant progress through adoption of twenty two resolutions on various critical issues in particular peacekeeping operations, humanitarian access, chemical weapons, terrorism, sovereignty and accountability. Thus, in light of the extraordinary importance of Syrian crisis as well as the Security Council’s approach toward the case, this article put the council’s resolutions in to account in order to evaluate the evaluate the councils work in Syrian crisis.

Security Council of U.N. has a duty to keep international peace and security. Islamic Republic of Iran and North Koreas nuclear crisis are the crisis that has led to International Community to think about them. The goal of this study is to find out how is the performance of the Security Council regarding Iran and North Koreas nuclear program. The assumption is that the performance of the Security Council regarding the nuclear case of these two countries was discriminatory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of resolution by the Security Council regarding the nuclear program of Iran and North Korea. Findings show that both countries are subject of economic sanctions, political pressure and military threats. While North Korea has declared explicitly that, they want atomic energy for military use, Iran has repeatedly stated that its attention of nuclear energy is for peaceful purposes and is committed to NPT.

One of the major points in the debates and positions of the Islamic Republic of Iran elites and authorities regarding the nuclear issue is the illegality of decisions and actions of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the UN Security Council on Iran’s peaceful nuclear program. The present article, focusing on principles of both public and private international law, the NPT, the IAEA Statute and the agency regulations, Jus Cogens, human rights and international humanitarian law and principles, aims to clarify the political manipulation of the IAEA and the UN Security Council by the big powers and illustrate their deviation from the professional technical and legal frameworks which are assigned and expected to comply with.

The United Nations Security Council adopted the resolution 1929 on Iran sanctions in early June 2010 – the fourth such resolution since 2006. The present article tries to evaluate the fourth round of international sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran. It is the author’s assumption that even though sanctions could be effective in economic terms, they would fail in attaining their purported main objective; that is, pressuring Iran to change policy on its nuclear program within the period desired by the West. Based on this assumption, it is argued in this article that sanctions could either lead to war (with different degrees of intensity and goals) or serve as the main element of containment. Since it will be argued that war in the envisioned period is practically out of question, therefore, sanctions would lose their effectiveness in the short-term and their further intensification could instead be relied on as the main element of a containment policy. As such, the containment policy pursued by the U.S. during the past three decades will most probably continue even if with new elements and nuances.

Following terrorism attacks on September 11, 2007 in New York which led to the destruction of the twin towers of world trade center, the U.N. Security Council ratified the resolution number 1373 on September 28 of that year, imposing some obligations on member states. Also, the resolution asked them to adopt complementary measures regarding struggling against terrorism including information exchange. In the framework of this resolution a committee for struggling against terrorism was established. This article studies the system created by the resolution.