جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « اهل سنت و تشیع » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

New Salafism in Sunni thought and revival in Shia thought and their different interpretations are among the most important issues of Islamic world’s philosophers. Among the thinkers that have analyzable thoughts, are Yusuf al-Qaradawi and martyr Morteza Motahari. This study uses the descriptive-analytical method and comparative approach to answer the main question: what are the similarities and differences between Sunni New Salafism thoughts and Shia revival thoughts? Comparing the thoughts of these two scholars shows their interpretative similarities and differences of Islam. The comparison shows that these two thoughts both believe in the universality of Islam. The belief in necessity of establishing an Islamic government is also seen in both of these thoughts, although their viewpoints differ in the form of government. Martyr Motahari and Qaradawi believe that the separation of religion and politics is alien to Islam. Accepting democracy and freedom is among the similarities of their viewpoints, although a difference in the nature of Islamic democracy and western democracy is interpreted. Accepting women’s laws is one of their similarities. They also emphasize on invalidity of nationalism in Islam.

Due to the history of the civilization of the two countries of Iran and Turkey in the history of Islam, examining of the ideas of the elites of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and the Islamist elites of Turkey is very vital. Turkey is significant because of the six hundred-year-old caliphate of the Ottoman Empire and Iran because of the significant role of its scholars in expanding Islamic ideals in the world. Therefore, in this research, we tried to study the influence of the Islamic Revolution's elites on the Islamist elites of Turkey. This research uses a descriptive-analytical method and utilizes an adaptive approach to answer the main question of how the elites of the Islamic Revolution of Iran have had an impact on the Islamist elites of Turkey. Comparing the thinking of these scholars reflects the great influence of the Islamic revolutionary thinkers on the Islamist elites of the Turks, so that they got strongly influenced on the issues of the comprehensiveness of Islam and of universal political Islam, the efforts of convergence in the Islamic world, attention to the component of jihad. Also, the precision in the fields of acceptance of democracy and freedom in Islam is one of the other views of the elite of the Islamic Revolution of Iran which has influenced on the Islamist elites of Turkey.

The victory of the Islamic revolution and the establishment of the Islamic republic of Iran defined certain new responsibilities for the educational system of the country including Howza and universities. Whatever is termed in recent years as Islamization and customization of humanities is one of these issues. Some serious and essentialdevelopments are also expected in the field of political science. Since jurisprudence is the foundation of order in Islam, political jurisprudence is considered one of the necessary disciplines in the field of political science. One of the obstacles to opening this course isthe faulty and incorrect conceptions concerning the issues discussed in it. It is often imagined that there are not adequate subjects to be discussed in political jurisprudence and it would be confined to the issue of guardianship of jurisprudence. However this perception is wrong in essence.This article studies political jurisprudence as a discipline towards the ways of application of religious texts to the variable facts of social and political life and the ways of reconciling between them looking at its issues in two approaches: descriptive and prescriptive. In thedescriptive part, the issues of political jurisprudence in the works of some Sunni and Shiite jurisprudents are quoted. In the prescriptive part, considering present expectations of political jurisprudence, a list of the issues worthy of discussion in this discipline and of paving the way for opening it are mentioned.