جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه ": meta-analysis" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

The main purpose of the research is to explain the barriers to women's entrepreneurship in Iran by using the meta-analysis approach.The statistical population of the research is the research conducted on the topic of barriers to women's entrepreneurship between 2012 and 2021. Purposive sampling was employed to identify 24 studies that met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The third edition of comprehensive meta-analysis software was employed to analyze the data.The research results indicate that the aggregate effect size of women's entrepreneurship barriers in Iran is 0.481, which is evaluated as medium to high in Cohen's interpretation system. Based on the research's results, the most significant obstacles to women's entrepreneurship in Iran are cultural, social, economic, and background barriers . Cultural barriers have an effect size of 0.388, while social barriers have an effect size of 0.429, economic barriers have an effect size of 0.523, and contextual barriers have an effect size of 0.549. Background barriers with 0.549 have had the greatest effect on women's entrepreneurship.As indicated by the research findings, women's entrepreneurship encounters numerous obstacles, including cultural, social, economic, political, and contextual obstacles.  Ultimately, these barriers have resulted in women's unwillingness to participate in entrepreneurial activities and their non-participation in entrepreneurial activities, as well as concern and discouragement. According to the results, removing these barriers and increasing the willingness of women in entrepreneurial activities will lead to wealth production, technology development, productivity, and training of entrepreneurs, development of entrepreneurship and promotion and improvement of the quality of life of women

Among the issues that our country's organizations are facing is how to promote socialization. The importance of this issue is so great that today, one of the important factors of progress and development in developed countries is considered to be a trained and motivated workforce, or in a better word, the sociability of specialized employees in different organizations. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the antecedents and consequences of socialization in Iranian educational organizations using a meta-analysis approach. 

The current research is descriptive in terms of execution method, applied in terms of the type of use, and quantitative in terms of type of data. The statistical population of the research was the articles published in scientific research journals in Iran in the field of organizational socialization, from 2011 to 2023, from which 29 cases were entered through a meta-analysis process with a non-random purposive sampling method. The selected studies were analyzed using CMA2 software. 

The findings of the research showed that among the antecedents of organizational socialization, respectively, the variables of electronic literacy (0.849), professional ethics (0.823), empowerment (0.671), organizational culture (0.560), and spirituality in the work environment (0.550) had the largest effect size. Also, among the consequences of organizational socialization, respectively, the variables of social responsibility (0.798), psychological capital (0.680), role outputs (0.669), ethical behavior (0.640), and job enthusiasm (0.620), had the largest effect size. 

Identifying the antecedents and consequences of socialization in educational organizations that have diverse and yet sensitive goals, missions and tasks helps managers to facilitate the socialization of employees in the organization through focusing and applying the identified factors and variables, and also from the results to Be aware of the use of these factors and variables in the organization and take useful and effective measures to improve the organizational socialization of employees.

Today, with the advancement in the field of communication technology, dramatic changes have taken place in the biocultural and social life of societies. Based on this, various studies and researches on media and consumerism have been conducted in Iran. The purpose of this study is to study the relationship between media and consumerism in Iran. This research uses meta-analysis approach and CMA2 software to review the research conducted in the field of media and consumerism during the years 2009-2019. From 94 researches in the field of consumerism, based on the results and findings, 17 researches were selected for analysis. The findings showed that the size of the effect of media on consumerism is equal to 0.307, which according to Cohen's interpretive system, this amount is considered a moderate effect. Also in this study, social groups and research locations were identified as moderating variables. According to research results among social groups, the media has a greater impact on citizens than other social groups on consumerism. Also, the influence of the media on the cities has been more than the people of Tehran in consumerism.

The present research has been done with the aim of using meta-analytical statistical method in order to analyze the results of the researches conducted in the field of the relationship between the level of religiosity and tendency towards democracy. 30 researches conducted in relation to this subject were examined, and among them 17 researches conducted between 2014 and 2018 on the relationship between the level of religiosity and tendency towards democracy, which were published in authoritative scientific journals. were chosen. The mentioned researches have been carried out using the survey method in different statistical communities and based on reliable measures. In the first step of evaluating the selected studies, the assumptions of homogeneity and publication error were examined; Based on this, the findings indicate the heterogeneity of the effect size and the lack of publication bias of the studied studies. In the second step, the effect size coefficient was calculated using the second version of the CMA evaluation software. The obtained results showed that the effect size or the effect coefficient of religiosity on tendency to democracy is (0.439), which according to Cohen's interpretation system, is evaluated at a moderate level.The extent of this effect is greater among the citizens of the society than the students, and of course, in the central regions of Iran, this effect is greater than in other regions, the Iranian society is transitioning from a traditional society to a modern society, and this transition requires compliance with democratic rules and styles Iran's governance is political.

Cultural capital includes the individual's enduring inclinations, tendencies, and habits that are acquired during the socialization process And social tolerance also refers to a situation in which individuals and groups, in relation to a situation, event, or phenomenon that they find highly distasteful Or they are indifferent to it, they deal with self-control and tolerance. The research method of this research is meta-analysis. In the first step of evaluating the selected researches, the assumptions of homogeneity and publication error were examined. The findings indicated the heterogeneity of the effect size and the lack of bias in the publication of the studied studies. In the second stage, the effect size coefficient and the moderating role of the age variable were evaluated using the second version of CMA software. Statistical calculations indicate that the average size of the effect of cultural capital (random combination effects) on social tolerance in the studies under study is equal to 0.195 and since the estimated size is in the range of confidence, It can be acknowledged that cultural capital affects social tolerance. According to the interpretation system of the effect size due to the meta-analysis known as Cohen model, the effect size obtained from the present study is at a low to medium level. Another noteworthy finding of the present study is that the size of the youth effect in the random model is larger than other age groups. In other words, youth cultural capital has a greater impact on social tolerance.

The present study attempts to merge studies and their conclusions on the relationship between religion and happiness using meta-analysis and systematic review methods. Therefore, the articles published in scientific research journals and university theses related to the subject of the study that met other inclusion criteria were identified and included in the analysis. After screening 54 works, and applying exclusion criteria, 14 studies were included in the final analysis. The findings showed the heterogeneity of the effect size and lack of publication bias in the studied studies. Then, the random effect size coefficient was evaluated using the second edition of the CMA software, considering the heterogeneity of the studies and the mediating role of the four variables. According to the findings the size of the combined effect for the relationship between religion and happiness is 0.311, which is considered average according to Cohen's interpretation system. Also, "the time frame of research ", " the place of study", "statistical population", "researchers' field of study ", were mediating variables and the effect size coefficient for their classes was calculated as follows: for studies before and after 2016, it was 0.455 and 0.342, respectively. Also, the coefficient of combined effect was 0.415 for studies conducted in the central regions of Iran and 0.315 for other regions. Also, the combined effect size coefficient of studies in the field of sociology was lower than other fields. This difference is consistent with the theoretical expectations. The results suggested that religion, has a distinct effect on happiness by moderating the above four variables. Finally, driven by the results of this study, some strategies are presented to improve this relationship.

Happiness is important in both individual and social dimensions because it is one of the basic factors that affect behavior, actions, efficiency, physical and mental health, as well as development and social welfare. Religiosity is one of the most important variables affecting happiness. The aim of the present study is to determine the effect size of religiosity on happiness.

The present research is based on the meta-analysis method. The materials of this research consists of all the scientific research studies conducted in Iran regarding the relationship between religiosity and happiness during the years 2008 to 2021, which is indexed in one of the scientific databases such as scientific information databases (Sid), Noor specialized journal website (Noormags), Information database of Iran’s publication (Magiran) and Iranian research institute for information science and technology (Irandoc). Among the 29 research documents that were found, seven research studies met the conditions and selection criteria and entered the comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software.

In the first step, publication bias and homogeneity of studies were examined. The statistical tests used in this section indicate the lack of publication bias and the heterogeneity of the studies. In the next step, the effect size of religiosity on happiness was evaluated and was found to be 0.277, which according to Cohen’s interpretation system is regarded as “small”. The sensitivity analysis test shows that by removing only one of the studies, the effect size of religiosity on happiness changes to 0.303, which is evaluated as “moderate” based on Cohen’s interpretation system.

The findings show that although religiosity provides a suitable basis for happiness through giving coherence, giving hope, giving meaning to life, etc. however, the relationship between religiosity and happiness is not linear and causal, and several possible mediating factors affect it, and the effect of these relationships should also be examined separately.

Suicide means ending the social life and shows the decrease of human value and the peak of human suffering. Social capital has a preventive and deterrent role against suicide. The main purpose of the research is to study the effect of social capital on the tendency to commit suicide by relying on meta-analysis of studies. The research method is a quantitative meta-analysis (CMA2), and the unit of analysis is the articles and treatises published in the period from 1385 to 1402, which by using the scientific database NoorMags, Magiran, and IranDoc, 48 documents were identified as the statistical population, and after screening (evaluation of entry and exit conditions for analysis), 26 cases of research (sample size) remained in the study process. The statistical method under investigation is Cohen's d and Fisher's f, and the sampling method is a deliberate-non-probability type. The results indicate that social capital has an inverse and significant relationship with suicide tendency, and its effect coefficient is -0.38. Furthermore, the relationship of social cohesion (-0.18), social support (-0.20), social trust (-0.31), and social participation (-0.17) has been significant and inverse with suicide tendency. Based on this, by strengthening and recreating social capital at the macro, medium, and micro levels, the tendency to commit suicide can be prevented in the provinces of the country.

Increasing the police social capital is one of the most important human resources of “Faraja”, and via institutionalizing it in the educational process and during police on the-job-training, it is possible to take steps to realize the development goals of the country. Therefore, in this meta-analytical research, the researcher focused on the factors that enhance the police social capital.

The intended method of this research is the meta-analysis of all scientific research and promotional and scientific-specialized quarterly articles published in Iran from 1380 to 1400, which dealt with the topic of police social capital. From among the total of 46 available articles, 27 articles were meta-analyzed and analyzed using target-oriented sampling. The research tool was the meta-analysis checklist, and the second edition of the comprehensive meta-analysis software (CMA2) was used to analyze the data of the selected studies. Also, the descriptive statistics methods used in this research included frequency and frequency percentage; and SPSS24 was used for that purpose. 

The results of the meta-analysis indicated that in the examined studies, 20 indicators were identified as factors effective in increasing social capital. The four main categories included process factors (30%), structural factors (26%), management factors (19%) and relational factors (25%). Also, the results indicated that among the variables affecting the police social capital, the variable of cultural context (0.63); flexible internal organizational structure (0.56); Social trust (0.46), and mobilization of resources and facilities (0.44), respectively had the largest effect size. These were the first three variables that increase the police social capital, and via utilizing them, steps could be taken towards the development and progress of the country and reach one of the most important development goals of the country, i.e. security.

Paying attention to process factors, structural factors, management factors, and relational factors, the police could enhance its social capital. Improving the police social capital has an important role in reducing social insecurity feeling, which can be effective in realizing the goals of Iran’s development vision.

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is a new concept in the field of citizenship in organizations and refers to the voluntary behaviors of individuals that affect the organization. This attention to OCB has made in recent years much research done on the factors influencing behavior in the workplace. Due to an increase in OCB research and identifying the factors affecting it, this study aimed to investigate the factors affecting OCB in research conducted in Iran. The research method of this paper is meta-analysis. Population of the study, almost scientific papers that are the subject factors for OCB in 2011 and 2021 were published. Finally, 35 papers were selected and analyzed with the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. The results showed that relationships of 33 variables were evaluated by OCB in previous research. Among these variables, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational justice had the most impact on OCB. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the effect size between job satisfaction and OCB approximately 0.54, was at a high level. Also, the relationship between organizational commitment and OCB was about 0.44 and at moderate level. Results show that the combined effects of the relationship between Organizational Justice and OCB the equivalent of 0.40, was at a moderate level.

Through qualitative meta-analysis, this article has examined 42 studies conducted in the field of mechanisms and strategies for adapting to climate change during the years 2013 to 2014. In this article, descriptive information of 9 methodological components related to the studied scientific works is presented. Is. Also, from the point of view of content, emphasizing the integration and classification of adaptation mechanisms to climate change and migration, 94 adaptation mechanisms and solutions with a frequency of 363 have been classified in the form of 7 main strategies. Based on this, more than 60% of the mechanisms and solutions were related to technical, agricultural, and water and soil strategies, and less than 40% of the mechanisms and solutions provided were dedicated to support strategies, policy making, and capacity building. At the end, recommendations of study and policy nature have been proposed in order to organize and prevent climate migrations in the country.

The first trainers and preparers of a wise and knowledgeable generation in a society for creating and preparing the contexts of advancement and development in a country and nation, are women. Therefore, this is enough to consider the development and advancement of women in a society, equal to advancement and development of that country. This paper is performed in order to merge done studies in femininity field and development. Method which is used in this paper, is Meta-analysis. Statistical population were consisted of related and available studies which were accessible in Iran using Persian language, in paper form, from 1385 to 1401. After investigating the criterion of inputs and outputs, 55 effect sizes from 17 studies which have Meta-analysis condition, were obtained. In order to analyze data from sensitivity data, funnel chart, stochastic models and heterogeneity analysis, CMA2 software was used. Analysis of obtained information from research showed that the amount of combined effect in this stochastic model (chosen model for this Meta-analysis) was obtained equally to 0/472, which was significant. Size of obtained effect from studies(p<0/001) were calculated averagely according to interpretation of Cohen's scale and results illustrated that women and femininity have effect on development.Also by considering social development as moderator variable,this coefficient was calculated as social development 0/645respectively.that in level of p<0/001 are significant

In the present study, separate findings of research conducted in the field of social welfare in four specialized quarterly journals in the field of social welfare from 2005 to 2017 were combined and compared.

The present study is a systematic review with meta-analysis. The materials included all the articles during the years 2005 to 2017 in specialized social welfare journals, in Iran. Articles with the keyword of well-being or one of the well-being indicators based on the Legatum Institute were searched. Based on the entry and exit criteria, the articles were screened in several stages and finally 46 articles from among  the articles were selected to be examined for systematic review and meta-analysis. The data were analyzed using Stata software by performing meta-analysis (fixed and random model).

Nearly 84% of the research studies made the individual the unit of analysis, which indicates that the holistic approach is neglected in the sociological studies of social welfare. Among the examined indicators, the most common frequency (10 studies) was related to security. The second was the "health" index and the third component was "quality of life". Finally, the concept of social capital as the most frequent variable in the factors affecting social well-being had the highest frequency.
Discussion and

One of the weaknesses of welfare studies is the lack of research with composite indices of welfare. By integrating different aspects of social welfare, composite indicators provide the possibility of more comprehensive and integrated analyzes and are less likely to fall into the trap of reductionism.

Analyzing the relationship between gender and space elucidates the roles and needs of both men and women, particularly in urban spaces. This analysis aids in understanding how the constructive roles of women contribute to the production and reproduction of desirable social relations in urban spaces. The presence of women in public and urban spaces not only reflects but also narrates the desirable relationships within a society. The primary objective of this research is to identify the dimensions and components that influence the formation of desirable urban spaces for women using the meta-analysis method. The searches were conducted manually, focusing on the keywords "urban spaces, women." For sub-keywords, the terms "park, public space, single-gender spaces" replaced the first keyword. The study period spans from 2016 to 2022 in Persian sources and from 2016 to 2022 in English sources. SPSS software was employed to conduct meta-analysis tests, resulting in the production of forest, bubble, heterogeneity, and funnel (diffusion bias) diagrams. VOSviewer software was used to assess scientific databases for content production in this field. The results indicate that the main dimensions of the research encompass physical and functional dimensions, structural and spatial dimensions, individual and personality dimensions, and cultural and social dimensions in the design of urban spaces. The position of research in the field of urban space design for women holds significance in the global research literature.

Cultural consumption is a social activity and daily behavior, and culture is produced or fertilized by these actions. Cultural consumption organizes our lifestyle and the shape of our needs and desires, and provides the necessary materials for creating our imaginations and dreams. It shows social differences and distinctions and shows our secondary products in using existing tools. In recent years, considering the importance of cultural consumption in Iran, several studies have been conducted in this regard. Due to the abundance and diversity of research conducted in the field of cultural consumption, a combination of research in this area like a meta-analysis seems to be necessary. The main question of this research is: What are the most important factors affecting cultural consumption research conducted in Iran? Meta-analysis method was used for this study. Population of the study consisted scientific papers on the factors of cultural consumption, published between 2001 and 2021. Comprehensive Meta-analysis software was used to conduct the meta-analysis of articles. The results showed that Socio-Economic Status (SES), cultural capital, age, and social relations, compared to other factors, had more significant impact on cultural consumption in Iran. The results showed that the relationship between SES and cultural consumption in the reviewed studies is positive and at a medium level (effect size=0.37). The relationship between cultural capital and cultural consumption in the studies reviewed is positive and at medium level (effect size=0.32). Results showed that the combined effects of the relationship between age and cultural consumption in the reviewed studies is negative and low (0.26).

Through the utilization of a meta-analysis approach, the present study aimed to assess the collective findings of research conducted in the past two decades regarding the relationship between social capital and economic development in Iran. A preliminary examination of the existing literature within this domain revealed the presence of contradictions and disparities. While certain studies indicated a positive correlation between social capital and economic development, others had yielded contradictory outcomes, demonstrating negative correlations between these two variables. Consequently, the need for a meta-analysis arose. To prevent the conflation of levels of analysis and the associated fallacies, this study solely concentrated on intermediate levels of analysis when defining concepts and selecting studies that considered both social variables of capital and economic development.

The research employed the meta-analysis method, a systematic approach that integrates the findings of multiple studies and applies targeted statistical methods to derive new and consistent results. The unit of analysis for this study was scientific research articles obtained from bibliographic databases. The statistical population consisted of articles that explored the correlation between social capital and economic development. The research was specifically focused on Persian studies conducted within Iran over the past two decades. This temporal limitation was implemented to emphasize the most recent findings within the field of inquiry, while the spatial limitation aimed to narrow the research problem to the relationship between the two variables within Iran. Due to the strict inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis, the research encountered sampling limitations. Initially, an extensive keyword search yielded 85 relevant articles. Among these, 27 articles were purely theoretical and 9 articles employed non-statistical methods. The remaining articles either did not provide the necessary statistics or utilized statistical approaches that did not conform to the criteria for meta-analysis. Consequently, out of the 36 articles that utilized statistical tests, only 13 met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis.

After thoroughly examining and extracting the necessary data from each study, we initially investigated the presence of publication bias. To accomplish this, we employed funnel plots, Begg and Mazumdar’s tests, and Egger's regression intercept. The results of these tests indicated the absence of publication bias. Subsequently, we assessed the assumption of homogeneity, which revealed heterogeneity among the studies. Thus, a model of random effects was employed to calculate the overall effect size. According to Cohen's interpretation system, the overall effect size was determined to be 0.304, indicating a moderate relationship between social capital and economic development.In the subsequent stage of the meta-analysis, we explored the moderating variables that potentially contributed to the heterogeneity of the results. This exploration involved a comprehensive review and comparison of the included studies. Three moderatingvariables, namely "publication year", "research method", and "operationalization of social capital" were incorporated into the model. All three variables significantly influenced the identification of heterogeneity among the studies. However, it became evident that these variables were not independent of one another. In general, studies that emphasized social trust and cooperation among local groups when measuring social capital reported an inverse relationship between social capital and economic development. Conversely, studies that emphasized institutional trust and the potential for participation in social institutions and organizations in addition to group trust when operationalizing the variable of social capital indicated a positive correlation between the aforementioned variables. Therefore, based on our examination of the moderating variables and the obtained results, we proposed a new hypothesis: the disparity in research outcomes stems from the emphasis on different dimensions of social capital. While a specific definition of social capital that highlights trust within local groups is often perceived as an obstacle to development, an alternative definition of the same concept that focuses on individuals' participation in non-traditional institutions promotes development.

The present study aimed to use the statistical method of meta-analysis to review the results of studies on media and lifestyle. In order to perform the meta-analysis method, 28 studies were collected in a time span between 1390 (2011) and 1400 (2021). According to the meta-analysis criteria, 18 of these studies that have examined the relationship between media and lifestyle and published in prestigious domestic scientific journals were selected. Each of these studies has been done quantitatively and with a survey approach and has reliable metrics In reviewing the research findings, first, the assumptions of homogeneity and publication error of selected studies are examined and the findings indicate that the size of the work is not homogeneous and that the publication of selected studies is not biased. The results of this study show that the effect size or impact factor of media use on lifestyle is equal to 0.375, which according to Cohen's interpretive system, is explained in the upward average. In general, the results of this study have shown that the media have a moderate to high impact on lifestyle.

Some studies indicate the negative effects and some indicate the positive aspects of Internet on various aspects of its users' lives, but it seems that excessive use of any media fuels its negative consequences. The purpose of the current research is to analyze the Antecedents and Consequences Socio-cultural of Internet addiction using a systematic background review approach. This research was conducted by qualitative method based on systematic and systematic background review. In the process of systematic review, 83 articles were identified from 2002 to 2022, and by carefully studying the text of Persian articles by university professors and experts, 48 articles were identified. Social anxiety, social capital and social phobia are respectively the strongest antecedents and social isolation, social adjustment and opposite sex orientation are identified as the strongest socio-cultural consequences. Due to the heterogeneity in the studies, the effect size of the purposeful sampling method in researches related to antecedents and consequences was higher than other sampling methods. Internet addiction increases social isolation and orientation to the opposite sex and decreases social adaptation, and is affected by social anxiety, social capital, and social phobia.

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to public transportation systems worldwide, resulting in a substantial decrease in demand. In light of this, it is crucial to develop policies that mitigate potential risks and prioritize the health and safety of passengers. While the scientific and collective understanding of the interplay between these two spheres is steadily growing, the absence of a comprehensive review focusing on sound policymaking is deemed significant. This present research aims to quantitatively synthesize and consolidate existing studies in the field to determine the effectiveness of various policies by examining overlapping sources and combining findings. The meta-analysis method was employed to fulfill the research objective, with both Persian and English scientific research articles constituting the statistical population. The search process involved manual selection and utilized relevant keywords such as "public transportation" and "COVID-19." Ultimately, a total of 50 scientific research articles (in Persian and English) were included as the final statistical population. For the execution of the meta-analysis, data were inputted into the Stata software, enabling the creation of a forest diagram (also known as an accumulation diagram). Furthermore, analytical connections between the research articles were established using the VOSviewer‎ software. The findings of the synthesis reveal a profound research gap pertaining to the understanding of resource policies in this domain.

With the movement of societies towards modernization and the industrial world, security becomes very important and becomes one of the basic needs of human beings, so that with its decline, human peace of mind is lost and anxiety, anxiety and It slowly replaces it. Therefore, it is very important to conduct combined research to provide the essence of research on a particular topic in a systematic way. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to apply a meta-analysis strategy to analyze and combine the results of studies on women's sense of social security. For this purpose, according to the meta-analysis criteria, from 55 articles published in databases in 1390-1390, articles that have the necessary characteristics were selected and the data were analyzed by meta-analysis software (CMA). In the first step, diffusion bias and the assumption of homogeneity were examined. In the second stage, the effect size coefficient and the moderating role of ethnicity variables were evaluated. The effect size of social participation, religious affiliation, social support, social relations network, police performance, social identity, social cohesion and social trust with women's sense of social security were significant and according to Cohen's interpretive system with moderate effect. Considering ethnicity as a moderating variable, the effect of the studied variables on women's sense of social security was evaluated differently