جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ارزش های زیست محیطی" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

This research is done with the purpose of understanding the impacts of social –psychological factors on gap between environmental attitude and behaviour. The population involves citizens higher than 15 of Kermanshah city and using Cochran formula and multistage cluster, 410 people were selected as sample.  Quantitative approach and the questioner have been applied. Descriptive findings show that Mean of the environmental values are moderate, efficiency variable are moderate to low  and  variable sense of attachment to place is moderate to high. The results of testing hypotheses show that significance correlation is seen between research variables with dependent variable. In other words, with increasing the Means of above variables, the gap between environmental attitude and behaviour is reduce. Results of regression analysis suggest that independent variables explain 11% of variance.  However the above variables have significant correlations with the gap between environmental attitude and behaviour, but it should not ignore other concepts presented in various models and find the general and comprehensive model in this field.

With attention to scarcity of natural renewable supplies and necessity of more convergence between human and nature, exploring related factors in order to decrease environmental footprints of human is essential. Human society has been shaped in natural environment, and then interactions between human and environment are as crucially important as his interactions with other humans and sociology should give precise attentions to this level of social interactions. From sociological standpoint, human’s emotion and behavior come into emergence as a recent and unique domain.
Since in urban communities, the relationship between these two areas seems to be detached and as a result, sense of belonging towards nature has been decreasing, exploring relationships between natural and human realms has an undeniable impact on controlling human behavior toward nature. Because, for as much as environmental problems profoundly have social concepts, then taking into account the middle level variables such as sense of belonging as a part of environmental attitudes can determine types and qualities of human behaviors toward environmental issues.
Emotions are under the influence of culture, values and human interactions and are basically produced by social situations. Examining sense of belonging (emotions related to attachment, calmness and feeling of being united with nature and environmental issues) among Tehran residents can provide a theoretical approach and social policy strategy.
Material and Emotions are considered as an essential linkage between micro and macro level of social reality. In this research, religiosity and environmental values emphasize cultural necessity of positivism approach, environmental socialization emphasizes on human interaction aspect of social construction approach, and experience of connection with nature highlights sense of belonging toward nature through place experience.
This research uses sectional survey and questionnaire, in order to examine the question of research. Sample Population size of research calculated based on Cochran formula and selected with Random stratified sampling among all above 18 years old citizens of Tehran. Alpha’s coefficients of variables were confirmed in preliminary test.
Discussion of Results and Mean of sense of belonging measure among Tehran residents is in upper medium level. Bivariate relationships of environmental values, experience of connection with nature, environmental socialization and religiosity with dependent variable are confirmed statistically significant, although relationships between socio-economic variables (age, sex, education and place of birth) with dependent variable were not significant. The explanatory model could explain 48 percent of dependent variable's variation among the research sample. Furthermore, Path analysis of Independent variables with dependent variable shows that the experience of connection with nature with 0.617 percent and environmental values with 0.346 percent respectively have highest effects on dependent variable.
As most researches, this one also shows emotional aspect of attitudes toward nature in parallel with cognitive aspect is strongly under the influence of social factors. However some researchers believe place of birth can determine types of emotions, but in this research it did not reaffirmed because the experience of connection with nature has more reliable notion for us. Insignificant relationships about education and socio-economic index with dependent variable present dysfunctional role of educational systems and class relations in internalizing pro-environment emotions.
Examining relationships between aspects of religiosity and dependent variable show the sense of belonging toward nature is mainly under the influence of ethical aspect, because function of ethical aspect of religion is partly in relation with objective issues such as environmental one. About dependent variable which has an ethical aspect, answering pattern could have inclined toward pretense to depict an ideal self-image.

Interaction between human and his environment is always in consideration from scientists and scholars across various scientific spheres. For decades there are not any doubts that Enhancement of connection between human and nature in various forms is necessarily influenced by their attitudes, feelings and perspectives toward this environment. However, examining of environmental emotions separately in Iran has not any record. Environmental emotions with implications of sense of duty and belonging to nature have an important impact on types of behavior towards nature. This research using survey method and random stratified cluster sampling of total mature residents of Tehran city and also structured questionnaire has studied social causes and related mechanisms which influence environmental emotions. Findings show that the mean of environmental emotions of Tehran residents in a numerical scale between 0 to 100 is about 62.1 to 65.1 which are considered above average level. In bivariate relationships between sex, environmental values, experience of connection to nature, environmental socialization and religiosity with dependent variable, statistical significance was confirmed. In multiple regression, theoretical model could explain about 64% of dependent variable’s variation. Results from path analysis also give the most effect abbot environmental values on experience of connection to nature and then on dependent variable with total effect about 0.573.

Current societies are not only faced with social, economic, political and cultural problems but also with environmental crises and this forced many social scientists to study environmental values. Some previous studies have shown that environmental values and moral commitment toward the environment are rooted in a specific worldview and religious education. The purpose of this study is to investigate status of environmental values among Muslim and non-Muslim countries with applying comparative approach. To meet this goal, with using secondary analysis and applying data of fifth wave of World Values Survey, Islamic countries consists of Turkey, Indonesia, Egypt and Jordan, of non-Muslim countries consists of the United States of America, Canada, Germany and Switzerland were compared with regard to some types of environmental values. The results of the study show that there is no significant difference between Muslim and non-Muslim countries with regard to environmental index. However, Muslim countries take environmental issues such as bad weather, climate change and hygiene more seriously compared with their non-Muslims counterpart. Furthermore, Muslim countries view the government much more responsible to cope with these environmental problems. Finally, the paper explains about the possible reasons of lack of difference between Muslim and non-Muslim countries in terms of environmental concern.