جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "در" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

This article was conducted to investigate the effect of population aging on social, cultural and economic structure in the future of Tehran. Materials and research methods were qualitative studies based on Delphi method. In this study, eleven experts in the field of aging were identified by snowball method, interviewed and by expressing their experiences, the effective components of the phenomenon of aging on social, cultural and economic structures were identified. The research tool was a questionnaire the data of which was used by Delphi in SPSS and Excel software to classify statistical cases and general consensus and reliability during three periods. The results showed that the aging of Iranian society in the coming decades will cause the inability of the government to meet the various needs of the elderly, reduced labor and loneliness and depression. According to the results of the present study and previous research, many factors of the phenomenon of aging affect the three structures of research (social, cultural, economic): economic problems, lack of active manpower, generation gap, decline and gap in the culture of respect and sanctity of elders in the family, extinction and changing the structure of the family, among others. By recognizing these factors, the optimal use of desirable factors and controlling the factors that have the destructive effects of aging on the structures of society, the realization and achievement of a desirable future of society and especially the elderly will be faster.

The conflict between mathematical rules and beliefs, as well as the correct choice, is an ethical issue. The resolution of this conflict depends on providing a criterion for evaluation so that the moral agent can make the correct choice based on it. This current research addresses the standards and trends in conflicting requirements through an analytical approach from the perspective of psychological egoism concerning self-love and Islam. Psychological egoism, which is based on the inclination towards self-love, perceives greater good and pleasure in adhering to mathematical rules. This thinking often neglects other perspectives in calculations by focusing solely on global systems and expressing certain truths. Although some Quranic verses affirm part of this perspective, other verses indicate alternative directions and their superiority. Therefore, monopolizing the stance on self-love is incomplete and does not encompass all truths. From the viewpoint of Islamic scholars, reason evaluates conflicting parties based on fundamental rules of conflict, where preference is more significant than obligation. Compliance with God's essential requirements is crucial, and thus dismissing unnecessary demands is a prerequisite for beliefs prior to mathematical rules. Creating a relative consensus towards modifying mathematical rules that conflict with beliefs is another method to resolve these conflicts.

Speech acts are considered as one of the most important foundations of pragmatic analysis by creating an impact on the recipient based on understanding the addressee’s intent, and benefiting the addressee is one of the important goals that cannot be neglected. The speaker chooses vocabulary and arranges it according to the intention he follows in speaking. Austin was able to lay down the main principles of the theory of speech acts, but the theory did not stop there. It expanded and became more mature with the second pioneer in the philosophy of ordinary language, namely the American philosopher John Searle. His tasks were to develop the theory by distinguishing within the sentence between what is related to the action included in the statement itself, which he calls the power included in the statement, and what is related to the content of the action, which he calls the name of propositional content. In this study, we will rely on Searle's opinions and search for the five speech acts affected by context and internal and external factors, used in poetry collections, A Vasham All khzrah, Ghasaed fi zaman Alfath, and Taghribat Bani Palestine by the poet Walid Saif. This study aims to search for speech acts and employ them in Walid Saif’s poetry based on the descriptive-analytical approach. The results indicate that the poet used verbal acts to express positive and negative emotions such as war, love, sadness, nostalgia, coercion, disappointment, waiting, and his hope for the future. Through these speech acts, which were mentioned directly and indirectly, we saw that the poet tends to use the five speech acts to stir feelings and excite the recipient to accomplish an action. The performance verb, both direct and indirect, was evident in poetic discourse, revealing its power within specific linguistic contexts that facilitated the realization of the poet’s verbal intentions and purposes through the words he chose to serve his poetic text.

The concept of salvation is presented in different religions according to special principles. In Christianity, it is presented on the basis of Christian faith, and in Islam, it is presented within several concepts, but the most prominent of which is “najat” which is based on the faith that Islam calls for. From this view, the opinions of contemporary Arab thinkers differed toward varied religions and salvation. From this standpoint, the views of the most prominent contemporary Arab Christian and Muslim thinkers on the issue of salvation range between Inclusivism and exclusivism. Some of them adopt an Inclusivism vision and do not reject religious pluralism and believe in the possibility of salvation for followers of other religions, while others adopt an exclusive vision on the basis of which they reject the possibility of salvation for followers of other religions. Some of them do not believe in the possibility of salvation for followers of other sects that branch off from their religion. This article was conducted according to a descriptive analytical research method relying on library sources with the aim of exploring the opinions of the contemporary Iraqi thinker Dr. Abdul-Jabbar Al-Refae with a review of the opinions of some contemporary Arab thinkers regarding what was mentioned. The results indicated that he adopts an Inclusive vision in light of his belief in the breadth and universality of God’s mercy, and based on significant rational and religious evidence that proves the possibility of salvation for followers of other religions away from religious and sectarian fanaticism. He believes in the principle of pluralism of religions, so he calls for the necessity of respecting all religions and not underestimating their credos, and rejects “takfir” and doctrinal disputes that provoke hostility and hatred. However, there are others who hold an exclusive view based on their religious and sectarian fanaticism, relying only on religious evidence, some of which is shrouded in doubt in terms of historical support or whose significance does not amount to generalizing punishment to all human beings. Its implications can also be interpreted in another way such that its exclusivity at the level of salvation for followers of other religions is denied.

By its multidisciplinary nature, geopolitics deals with various areas of political and spatial phenomena; these phenomena have both external and objective reality as well as abstract and subjective reality. With the increase of literature related to critical geopolitics, the fields of geopolitical studies expanded its range of studies in new fields and environments such as environment, culture and art. Meanwhile, art as a popular science and category has special political and spatial effects. Given the common themes in the two fields of geopolitics and art, the present study aimed to investigate the examples and relations between geopolitics and art, and the geopolitics of art. To answer this question with a descriptive-analytical method, the geopolitical concepts and examples of art were studied. Findings showed that geopolitical concepts such as competition, cooperation, power, politics and space reflected and represented in art on different scales. Thus, art in its general and broad sense under the title of fine arts, and art as a space for the transmission of meaning (iconographic element) is a kind of objective and abstract space in which geopolitical concepts and foundations were represented.

The aim of this study was to explore the attitudes towards life among adolescent girls in Tehran. The study aimed to identify the factors influencing their attitudes and provide appropriate strategies to improve their quality of life.

This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews. Participants were purposively selected from adolescent girls residing in Tehran. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved and was analyzed using NVivo software.

The results indicated that the attitudes towards life in adolescent girls were influenced by factors such as self-confidence, body image, gender roles, stress management, personal values, family relationships, friendships, interaction with teachers, social acceptance, group activities, educational and career goals, future worries and hopes, media and technology influence, attitudes towards marriage and family in the future, and environmental and social issues.

This study revealed that the attitudes towards life in adolescent girls are influenced by multiple individual, familial, social, and cultural factors. Understanding these attitudes can help improve programs and policies related to the physical and mental health of adolescent girls and provide appropriate strategies to enhance their quality of life.

This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of basic psychological needs and happiness in the relationship between teacher-student interaction styles and the social competence of female middle school students in Lahijan.

The research method was descriptive-correlational and applied in terms of its purpose. The statistical population consisted of 1885 female middle school students in Lahijan during the 2023-2024 academic year. A total of 203 students were randomly selected using cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted using standard questionnaires: the Teacher-Student Interaction Questionnaire by Murray and Zuzak (2011), the Happiness Questionnaire by Argyle and Lu (1989), the Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire by Guardia, Deci, and Ryan (2000), and the Social Competence Questionnaire by Parandin (2006). The validity of the instruments was confirmed by experts, and their reliability was verified using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling and statistical software Smart PLS and SPSS.

The results showed a positive and significant relationship between teacher-student interaction styles and students' basic psychological needs (path coefficient 0.799), happiness (path coefficient 0.599), and social competence (path coefficient 0.451). Additionally, there was a positive and significant relationship between basic psychological needs and happiness with students' social competence, with path coefficients of 0.195 and 0.425, respectively. Further analysis revealed that basic psychological needs and happiness mediate the relationship between teacher-student interaction styles and social competence.

The findings indicate that teacher-student interaction styles significantly impact students' basic psychological needs and happiness, which in turn influence their social competence. Therefore, it is recommended that educational policymakers focus on enhancing teacher-student interactions, identifying and fulfilling students' psychological needs, and promoting their happiness. Additionally, conducting training sessions for teachers to improve their communication and teaching skills can play a crucial role in enhancing students' social competence.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the lived experiences of associate, technical and professional art students during the covid-19 pandemic and providing a suitable model for education in this period.

This research was conducted qualitatively and based on phenomenology. The statistical population included art students of technical and vocational schools in Tabriz and specialists in the field of educational sciences. Semi-structured interviews and library studies were used to collect data. Data analysis was done according to the method of Claizi (1978).

The results showed that students and teachers were facing many challenges in the field of digital infrastructure, curricula, learning environments, and assessment. Also, the need to pay more attention to the mental health and well-being of students was clearly observed in this course. In addition, the findings showed that creating interactive and flexible learning environments and adapting curricula to new conditions can help improve the quality of education.

The current research showed that to improve the quality of technical and professional education during the Covid-19 pandemic, more attention should be paid to the development of digital infrastructure, curriculum flexibility, and psychological and social support. Also, creating a learning culture that emphasizes students' self-improvement and well-being can help improve the learning experience in critical situations.

The aim of this research is to present an advanced model of competency-based succession planning in education-oriented organizations. This research is applied-developmental in terms of its purpose, descriptive in terms of data collection and cross-sectional survey method. The statistical population of the research includes 8000 staff and administrative staff of five national and free universities, of which 366 were selected using the Cochran formula using cluster random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect research data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS statistical software. This research has 7 components (key competencies and abilities, determining succession policy, value-based foundation, organizational support and support, strategic planning in the field of succession planning, talent identification and formation of talent pool, training and improvement of talents). The results showed that the research model has a good fit, in other words, the general indicators confirm that the data well supports the patterns.

Succession is a process which in it talented people are selected and trained to hold managerial jobs and important and key positions in the organization. One of the problems of many organizations today is the lack of effort and investment to succession of managers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identifying the succession components of primary school principals with the method of grounded theory. 

The current research was practical and from type of qualitative. The research population was universal experts and specialists in the field of human resources management and educational management of familiar with the research area of Tehran city in 2021 year. The sample size according to the principle of theoretical saturation was calculated 25 people, which these people were selected by purposive sampling method. The tool of the current research was a semi-structured interview, which the validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and the reliability was obtained by the coefficient of agreement between two coders at 0.79. The data of this study were analyzed by the coding method based on the grounded theory method in MAXQDA software. 

The results of the findings showed that the succession of primary school principals had 100 indicators and 26 components in 6 factors of grounded theory. The central phenomenon were included one component of succession, the causal conditions were included six components of talent pool, efficient promotion system, human resource management, organizational thinking, organization's support of individual efforts and professionalism, the background conditions were included four components of organizational structure, organizational culture and atmosphere, management stability and resistance to change, the intervening conditions were included five components of political environment, peripheral environment, socio-cultural environment, international environment and policy and legal environment, the strategies were included seven components of familiarization of managers, participation, organizational learning, trust building, foresight, independence of education and system insight and the consequences were included three components of individual consequences, unit consequences and organization consequences. Finally, the pattern of the succession components of primary school principals with the method of grounded theory was drawn. 

The results of this study have many practical implications for the education organization and according to the pattern of succession of primary school principals, senior managers and officials of the education organization can take an effective step towards the succession of primary school principals.

purpose: 

The knowledge management plays an important role in improving the quality of various organizations, especially educational organizations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to presenting an appropriate knowledge management model of high school principals of Tehran city.

This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population was high school principals of Tehran city in the 2020-2021 academic years with number 2843 people, and the sample size based on the Krejcie & Morgan table was determine 341 people, who were selected by stratified random sampling method. The research tools were included the demographic information form and researcher-made questionnaire of knowledge management of high school principals (100 items). Data were analyzed with the exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SPSS-27 and Smart PLS-3 software.

The findings showed that 4 items were removed due to the factor loading of less than 0.40 and 96 items were placed in 16 dimensions of human resource management, knowledge management processes, learning and innovation, technological capabilities, strategy and goal, modeling, productivity and efficiency, support of senior principals, technological infrastructure, organizational infrastructure, organizational culture, knowledge-motivating stimuli, knowledge-based, empowerment, team work and architecture knowledge. Also, the dimensions had a factor load and average variance extracted of higher than 0.50 and Cronbach's and combined reliability of higher than 0.80. In addition, the appropriate knowledge management model of high school principals of Tehran city had a good fit and the said model had a direct and significant effect on all 16 dimensions (P<0.05).

According to the results of this study and since knowledge management plays an important role in improving the conditions of various organizations, including educational organizations, the officials and planners of the educational system can take an effective step towards improving knowledge management.

The present study aims to evaluate the challenges in Iran’s higher education system after the revolution in the process of scientific and executive policy-making and decision-making.

The research is applied in terms of its objective and employs a mixed exploratory approach in terms of data collection methods. The research population includes documents, written sources, and academic experts who have sufficient knowledge on the subject under investigation. The research instruments comprised: 1) note-taking forms, 2) semi-structured interviews, and 3) a researcher-developed questionnaire. To analyze the qualitative data, the coding method was used, while exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling tests were employed for the quantitative section. Data analysis was conducted using PLS software.

According to the qualitative results, the challenges of the higher education system of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the scientific and executive domains were categorized into 19 components. The quantitative findings indicated that out of the 19 components identified in the qualitative section, components such as (focus on quantitative expansion of higher education [dominance of the quantitative paradigm], neglect of quality in the overall higher education policies, lack of attention to regional planning in higher education, inadequacy of educational standards and facilities at the global level, and issues related to the privatization of universities) were not confirmed as post-revolution challenges. However, 14 other components were confirmed.

Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the evaluation of Iran’s higher education system post-revolution highlights numerous challenges that were discussed and reviewed.

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of concept map-based teaching methods on implicit beliefs about intelligence and problem-solving skills among high school students in Zahedan. This research aimed to determine whether the use of concept maps could significantly enhance students' cognitive and analytical abilities

This study utilized a randomized controlled trial design, involving 30 high school students from Zahedan, who were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=15) or a control group (n=15). The experimental group received instruction using concept maps, while the control group continued with traditional teaching methods. Data were collected using the Implicit Beliefs about Intelligence (IBI) questionnaire and the Problem-Solving Skills (PSS) questionnaire. The study spanned five months, and data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests with SPSS-27 software.

Descriptive statistics revealed that the experimental group showed a significant increase in both implicit beliefs about intelligence and problem-solving skills from pre-test to post-test, with mean scores improving from 3.45 to 4.12 and 3.68 to 4.33, respectively. In contrast, the control group showed minimal changes. The repeated measures ANOVA indicated significant differences between groups and over time (p < 0.05), with post-hoc tests confirming that the improvements were statistically significant in the experimental group.

The findings suggest that concept map-based teaching methods are effective in enhancing implicit beliefs about intelligence and problem-solving skills among high school students. This instructional approach not only facilitates a deeper understanding of concepts but also promotes critical thinking and analytical skills. The study highlights the potential benefits of integrating concept maps into educational curricula to foster cognitive development.

Academic buoyancy is crucial for students' performance and capability in university environments. This study aimed to determine the relationship between career aspirations and academic buoyancy, considering the mediating role of academic satisfaction among students at Wasit University in Iraq.

The research method was correlational, and the statistical population included all students enrolled at Wasit University, Iraq, during the spring and summer of 2024. From the mentioned population, 250 students were selected through convenience sampling and responded to three questionnaires: Career Aspirations (Danziger et al., 2008), Academic Buoyancy (Hosseinchari & Dehghanizadeh, 2012), and Academic Satisfaction (Ahmadi, 2009). The research data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling (SEM) through SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 25 software.

The results indicated that career aspirations have a significant relationship with both academic buoyancy and academic satisfaction (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). Structural equation modeling results demonstrated that academic satisfaction is a full mediating variable in the relationship between career aspirations and academic buoyancy.

Based on the findings of the present study, policymakers in Iraq's higher education system should focus on the role of career aspirations and academic satisfaction in empowering students for greater academic buoyancy.

Mentoring in educational environments including schools can improve educational performance. As a result, the present research was conducted with the aim of designing a mentoring pattern for school principals in Tehran province. 

The present research in terms of purpose and implementation method was applied and cross-sectional from type of quantitative, respectively. The research population was school principals in Tehran province in the academic years of 2021-2, which according to the structural equation modeling method, the sample size was considered 320 people. The samples were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method and answered the 81questions of research-made questionnaire of mentoring for school principals. The data obtained from the implementation of the researcher-made questionnaire of mentoring for school principals were analyzed with the methods of exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS version 23 and Lisrel version 8.8. 

In this study a number of 4 questionnaires were left out due to defects and analyzes were done for 316 people. The findings of exploratory factor analysis showed that mentoring for school principals in Tehran province had 81 items in the 16 components and 2 dimensions. The dimensions were included of mentoring for school principals (with 9 components of knowledge, attitude, skills, participation-oriented, focus, organization, support, educational leadership and educational communication) and the consequences of mentoring (with 7 components of developing intrinsic skills, developing technical skills, developing communication skills, developing environmental skills, innovative performance, competitive performance and educational performance). Also, the factor loading of the components of mentoring for school principals was higher than 0.40 and their reliability with the combined method was calculated higher than 0.80. The results of structural equation modeling showed that mentoring pattern for school principals in Tehran province had a good fit and mentoring for school principals had a direct and significant impact on all 7 mentoring outcomes, including the developing intrinsic skills, developing technical skills, developing communication skills, developing environmental skills, innovative performance, competitive performance and educational performance (P<0.05). 

The mentoring pattern of the present study for school principals in Tehran province has many practical Implications for the officials and involved in the education system, and they based on the mentioned model can take important and effective steps through the identified dimensions and components to improve the mentoring of school principals.

Preservation of citizenship rights in the education system requires the creation of a context for people's participation in policies related to this field. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to providing a model for Participation in Cognition of issue in Policymaking of the educational system in the field of protection of citizens' rights.

This study in terms of purpose is applied, in terms of the nature of the research, it is an exploratory from type of qualitative research, and in terms of data collection and implementation, is a survey-type descriptive research. The statistical population of this study in the first stage was scientific documents, based on the criteria for entering the research and using the purposive sampling technique, 17 researches were selected as a sample. In the second stage included academic and organizational experts, which accordin to the principle of theoretical saturation and purposive sampling technique, 24 people were selected as a sample. The tool of data collection in the first stage was a systematic review of scientific documents and documents through the meta-synthesis method and in the second stage, a semi-structured interview with experts through thematic analysis. In the systematic review, the validity through the PRISMA and reliability was obtained with the Cohen's coefficient 0.58. The validity and reliability of the interview tool was also examined based on the criteria of accuracy, validity, reliability, transferability and verifiability, which was finally confirmed. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis method in MAXQDA software.

The findings showed that for Participation in Cognition of issue in Policymaking of the educational system in the field of protection of citizens' rights, were identified 76 minor categories, 17 sub categories and 6 main categories. In this study, the main categories were include the Informing dimension (with 3 sub categories of the Awareness, citizens' knowledge and information processing), Consultation and Survey dimension (with 2 sub categories of the Superficial and Effective Consultation and Survey), Partnership dimension (with 3 sub categories of the social mobilization, citizens Responsibility and citizens Participation), support dimension (with 3 sub categories of the legal, administrative and economical support), Empowerment dimension (with 3 sub categories of the political, economical and social empowerment), Citizenship Control (Power) dimension (with 3 sub categories of the showing partial views, critical and objection and public oversight). Finally, according to the identified dimensions, components and indicators, the final model of the research was presented, which had a suitable validity.

According to the results of the present research, it is possible to prepare the ground for the realization of the identified categories for citizens' participation in the cognition of issue in policymaking of the educational system in the field of protection of citizenship rights.

This study aimed to design a competency model for faculty members of Farhangian University in Tehran Province. The primary objective was to identify and assess the required competencies of faculty members to enhance the quality of teaching and research in universities.

The research is applied in nature and employs an exploratory mixed-methods approach (qualitative-quantitative). The study population includes educational management experts in the qualitative section and all faculty members of Farhangian University in Tehran Province in the quantitative section. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews in the qualitative section and questionnaires in the quantitative section. Data were analyzed using theoretical coding and confirmatory factor analysis.

The results showed that the competency model for faculty members consists of four main dimensions: ethical, scientific, communicative, and information technology competencies. Each of these dimensions includes several components and indicators that can help improve the quality of teaching and research at Farhangian University. For instance, ethical competencies encompass components such as decisiveness in performing duties and ensuring justice in the classroom.

The developed competency model can serve as a practical tool for assessing and improving the competencies of faculty members at Farhangian University. This model can help identify the strengths and weaknesses of faculty members and provide appropriate educational and developmental programs to enhance their performance.

Education along with finding ideas and creativity fostering in schools, especially in conservatories is of particular importance. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a model of education along with production based on idea finding and creativity fostering in the conservatories of Golestan province.

This study was conducted with a qualitative approach. The statistical population of the present study were experts familiar with the field of research, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation number of 20 people of them were selected as a sample with using the purposeful sampling method. The tool of this study was a semi-structured interview, which the validity was calculated by the content method 0.76 and the reliability was calculated by the agreement coefficient between two coders method 0.89. The data of the present study were analyzed by coding method in MAXQDA software.

The findings showed that the model of education along with production based on idea finding and creativity fostering in the conservatories of Golestan province had 56 components and 11 dimensions. The dimensions of the mentioned model were included content and organization (with 5 components), curriculum goals (with 14 components), teaching and learning strategies (with 7 components), connection with the labor market (with 3 components), participation in curriculum production (with 2 components), training and consulting (with 4 components), principles of compilation (with 3 components), evaluation (with 7 components), location activation and production facilitation (with 5 components), continuous interaction with scientific centers (with 3 components) and curriculum features (with 3 components).

Specialists and planners of the educational system, especially the education system of conservatories according to the identified dimensions and components can provide the basis for improving education along with production based on idea finding and creativity fostering in the conservatories.

The objective of this study was to design and validate a model of supportive actions that effectively enhance the academic achievement of social workers' clients. Given the importance of academic progress in improving the quality of life for these individuals, this study aimed to develop a comprehensive model to support better educational outcomes. 

This study employed a qualitative research design, conducted in two phases: design and validation. In the design phase, grounded theory was used, with 20 experts selected through snowball sampling from among professors in Educational Sciences and senior managers in the educational system. In the validation phase, 22 experts from the Department of Education and the Welfare Organization of Golestan Province were purposively sampled. Data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding, and the proposed model was validated through the Delphi method in three stages using SPSS software. 

The findings revealed a paradigmatic model comprising 10 main categories and 24 subcategories, organized into five domains: causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and outcomes. The model identified factors such as social responsibility, religious beliefs, prevailing societal culture, and government support as key influences on the academic achievement of social workers' clients. 

This study presents a comprehensive model of supportive actions that can serve as a practical framework for improving the quality of social work services and enhancing the academic outcomes of social workers' clients. By considering the multifaceted and complex factors that affect academic progress, this model assists social workers and educational institutions in developing and implementing more effective supportive programs.

The objective of this study was to identify the key dimensions and components of the metaverse in middle school science education. The research explored the role of the metaverse as an innovative technology in improving the quality of education and enhancing student engagement in learning scientific concepts.

This study employed a qualitative approach utilizing content analysis methods. The research population included two sections: scientific documents and educational experts. The scientific documents consisted of articles, journals, and theses related to the research topic, published between 1390 to 1403 in Persian and 2000 to 2024 in English. The second section involved semi-structured interviews with 12 educational experts with a minimum of 5 years of managerial and executive experience in schools. The interview data were coded and analyzed using MaxQDA software.

The findings revealed that the metaverse can enhance the quality of science education in schools through factors such as media literacy, technological maturity, technological infrastructure, and supportive policies. Additionally, issues related to privacy and data security were identified as significant challenges. The proposed strategies included the development of interactive and personalized learning, improvement of technological infrastructure, and teacher training in the effective use of the metaverse.

The results of this study indicate that the metaverse can serve as an innovative tool for improving the quality of science education in middle schools. However, successful implementation of this technology requires attention to factors such as media literacy, technological infrastructure, and supportive policies. Moreover, addressing security and privacy concerns is essential.