جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شخصیت زن » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

"Archetypes" are important psychological elements. "Archetypal criticism" has always been considered one of the important types of literary criticism. The theory of archetypes is based on the thought of Carl Gustav Jung, a theorist in the field of psychological sciences. In this theory, the structural elements of myth, which are present in the collective subconscious mind, are analyzed. According to Jung, there is a kind of universal experience in these elements that is repeated in different forms and in all generations. Contemporary psychologist and theorist Shinoda Bolen also contributed to a more accurate understanding of archetypes by supplementing Jung's theories and elaborating on their manifestations in daily lives of individuals. In the present study, by means of mythological and psychological criteria in Shinoda Bolen's theories, two famous theatrical "woman" characters have been the subject of comparative studies. They are "Julia" from the play "Miss Julia" by August Strindberg and "Ensie" from the play "Sing in May" by Akbar Radi. Although created in two different geographies and cultures, both characters bear significant similarities from Shinoda Bolen point of view. This study also shows the fact that quoting mythological and psychological elements in the creation of theatrical characters can lead to the production of a similar pattern in the process of this creation. A pattern that transcends temporal and spatial boundaries and relies more on archetypes than any other element.

An archetype is the reflection of universal concepts and perceptions of a single subject in the collective subconscious. One of its main concepts is the mother archetype, widely present in ancient myths and stories in terms of variety in meaning and form. This study investigated female character based on Gustav Jung's theories about the Mother Archetype. A previous relevant study investigated the mother archetype and Jung theories in literary works such as poetry and fiction. Only two works have investigated the play The Sky Horses Rain Ashes, which differ from this study in terms of scientific theory and character study. The questions that this study sought to answer are as follows: 1) How have the components of the mother archetype been reflected in the play The Sky Horses Rain Ashes? and 2) How is the mother archetype represented in the personal subconscious of the character of the play The Sky Horses Rain Ashes? The main goal was to show that the use of the mother archetype in the play is aimed at raising and processing its character. The results indicated the representation of female symbols and elements in the real and virtual forms of the mother archetype in the characters of the play. The reflection of the mother's archetype in the real form includes: creativity, support, purity, divinity, giving hope, liberation, reflection of life in the subconscious mind (doubt, mother complex, pain, suffering, loneliness) and that in the virtual form is in natural elements, including the effect of past life on the subconscious mind in the symbolic form of the mother's uterus, rebirth, guardianship, and security provision. This study was conducted using the descriptive-analytical method and written library sources.

The memoirs of the Holy Defense are one of the most enduring documents in the history of Islamic Iran.September 22, 1980 The Ba'athist regime in Iraq launched a military attack on Iran and the imposed war began. From the beginning of the war, women and men worked in the form of relief and support groups, which they took on and did until the end of the war. after the war, women fighters recorded their memories in the form of novels, memoirs and oral histories of the war. the present article examines how the personality dimensions of women fighters in the sacred defense are represented in 4 selected memoirs. these four books, entitled Sabah, Saji, The Bright Lights of the City, and The Most Beautiful Days of Life, while written with the focus on female personality, are up-to-date and effective works in this field.The findings of this article show that the representation of women's personality can be classified into four meaning domains of insight, tendency, action and personality-building factors using thematic analysis method. In the field of insight, issues such as religious, moral and revolutionary beliefs can be raised and in the field of tendency, themes such as self-made, powerful, war-disgusting, curious and chaste spirits are mentioned. In the field of action, items such as aid, religious, revolutionary, military, cultural and religious activities are included.Finally, family-centered personality-building factors are emphasized.

Ezzel-din Manasereh is one of the contemporary and prominent poets of Palestine whose newly comments in the realm of Palestine and resistance poem have endued him with a special place in contemporary literature due to his modern delineation in critique. Traditional characters and in particular mythical and folk female characters in Ezzel-din’s poem have great vibrancy which inspire the poet under the influences of cultural, political and social factors to insinuate aforementioned concepts in an artistic way. He invites everyone to resistance in front of the occupants and protection of Arabic and national identity using mythical female character. And thus he challenges the political and social events of his time. Applied myths in Manasereh’s poem are mostly national, Arabic and native and rarely religious. He takes advantage of myths which represent resistance and national identity and heritage such as: Zarghae, Yammameh, Maryam and Jafra. Besides national and Arabic myths he also has made use of Greece and Mesopotamian myths. As it is obvious in his poems he seldom uses Western myths and mostly depends on national origins and sources.Mythical female characters and their variations in Manasereh’s poems have been studied here. These myths are native and locally and sometimes Grecian originated and are derived from his national and transnational beliefs.

Theater has played a role of much greater importance in society than merely amusing the audience. The playwrights represent the culture، lifestyle and customs of the society، interpret the culture، and criticize it. According to Aristotle، play is the mimesis of human action. He believes that mimesis is complementary to human learning and internal abilities and is the distinguishing feature of human beings as against animals. According to Aristotle، the playwright is a thinker and a critic of society who establishes a second world through objectifying his subjective world. Aristotle’s conception has been evaluated and rewritten repeatedly، but still serves as the dominant attitude in the field of drama and theater; it can be regarded as the primitive conception of reflection approach towards art. The reflection approach in sociology of art encompasses diverse extensive research، the common notion among which is the belief that art is a mirror of society. In this approach، research is focused on the works of art so that our knowledge and understanding of society is enhanced. The present article attempts to answer the questions what kind of women are the women in Naghmeh Samini’s plays? And، if we divide women into modern، traditional and in transition، to which group do these women belong? To answer these questions، the sociology of art and the reflection approach have been selected as the theoretical framework، and to provide theoretical coherence، the symbolic interaction theory has been utilized in the analysis of female characters of these plays. The symbolic interaction theory has been developed by George Herbert Mead. He has considered institution and the way it is developed in individuals and has concluded that institution is formed through the communication between individuals and the society. According to Mead، social action is the unit of behavioral analysis. Social action is an interaction between two or more individuals who have some mutual duties. In the definition of gender role in the present article، four elements are of great importance: concept of self-conception، behavioral characteristics، communicative patterns and the position in the power pyramid. All these elements are derived from the theory of symbolic interaction. The plays Dream in an Empty Cup and The Mug by Naghmeh Samini are chosen as the statistical samples. An analysis of the female characters in these plays، on the basis of gender roles، shows that two of the four female characters represent modern woman، and the other two represent the traditional woman. In this article، the argument is deductive and the methodology for the analysis of the data is interpretative.

The status of the Arab women before Islam has always been considered as the lowest one; since, men considered them void of perfect intellect and deprived them from numerous rights (including the rights of ownership, inheritance, domination of dowry and other properties).Furthermore, being deprived from acquisition of knowledge and skills of the time and not being properly dressed in the society are believed to be among the other conditions for women. However, through a more profound study about the above mentioned issues and consulting various historical and tradition sources and a multi-facet analysis of the narrations and quotations from the scholars, it can be implied that the women's right of ownership, domination of properties, enjoying appropriate clothing, making efforts to acquire knowledge, and enjoying equal rights as with men had probably been somehow approved. Although, one can not deny proportional prevalence of issues such as not wearing hijab, bedizenment by some women, the belief in women's having deficient intellect, and considering them seditious and wicked.