جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ملیت" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

The Lor people are one of the ancient ethnic groups of Iran, residing in the western and southwestern regions of the country, particularly in the provinces of Lorestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Ilam, and parts of Khuzestan and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari. The history of the Lor people's interactions with various Iranian governments, including the Safavid, Qajar, Pahlavi, and Islamic Republic periods, reflects many ups and downs. This study aims to examine the impact and nature of the Lor people's relationship with the Iranian national state and their perception of the concept of the national state.

The research method in this study has been historical-critical. The importance and necessity of this research lie in gaining a better understanding of inter-ethnic relations and their impact on national cohesion and government policymaking. Accordingly, the main research question is: How has the relationship of the Lor people with the Iranian national state and their perception of this concept been influenced by their experiences and interactions with it?

Based on the theoretical approach of this paper, which is relative deprivation, the findings indicate that the Lor people's understanding of the national state is a combination of historical, cultural, and political experiences that play a significant role in shaping their interactions and cooperation with the central government. Since the establishment of the national state in Iran, the Lor people have felt a sort of barrier between themselves and the government. During Reza Shah's era, this identity gap led to many tensions, including the Tameradi battle between the central government and the Lor and Boyer-Ahmadi people. These tensions also existed with other ethnic groups, such as the Arabs and Kurds, with the central government. During the second Pahlavi era, the confrontation between the national government and the Lor people was less pronounced. With the occurrence of the Islamic Revolution, and considering the participation of the Lor people and Boyer-Ahmadi nomads in the revolution, a degree of tolerance emerged. However, there is still a need for addressing some of the Lor people's needs by the national government in the Lor-inhabited regions.The interactions of the Ler people with the central government have been complex and challenging on the one hand, due to their cultural and nomadic prejudices and their resistance to change. In the second Pahlavi period, the application of central power established peace and stability to some extent.With the occurrence of the Islamic revolution, the attitude of the government towards the Lor people has improved and the national government should pay more attention to the Lor residents in order to help development and progress and prevent tensions with these peoples

Marriage and citizenship are described in the category of personal relationships that fall under the realm of private law. Each of the countries and international conventions have established different laws based on the theories of unity, total independence and relative independence of citizenship of couples. The method of Iran's civil law is "unity of family citizenship" and the preference of the husband's citizenship over the wife's citizenship and even the preference of the citizenship derived from the paternal lineage over the citizenship derived from the maternal lineage. According to Article 976, Clause 6 of the Civil Code, "Any woman who is a foreign citizen who is married to an Iranian husband is considered a citizen of Iran."According to Article 987 of the aforementioned law, "Any Iranian woman who marries a foreign citizen will retain her Iranian citizenship, unless according to the law of the country of the spouse, the husband's citizenship is imposed on the wife due to the marriage contract." Examining the citizenship of a married woman is important from an international point of view, whether it is different judicial systems and different principles that each government has accepted and established for its nationals, in general, the situation of husbands and wives who marry from different countries. It affects and both during married life and during the dissolution of the marriage contract, it creates transformations that can be examined in terms of the conflict of laws and brings different results, the analysis of these results is important.

Many Scholars believe that “Imagined Communities” is one of a most influential Books in Late 20th. Based on the Anderson’s Point of view, Nationalism is not a false capitalist consciousness, instead it is produced by one of a fundamental aspects of capitalism. “Print Capitalism” in its historical context, is a type of economic corporation which is not only affected on the formation and distribution of culture, but it also was a part of capitalist production as well. His contribution was to show how print industry helped development of national units. A critical review can declare Anderson’s analysis is less practical and useful. It could not explain how a nation is distinguished from other types of community which he has constructed in the book. In addition, his analysis faces three serious problems: his understanding of nation is something classless, asocial and universal; minorities, marginal and subaltern groups are absent in his analysis, and finally he is unconsidered to sexuality structures and women’s reproductive role in generating a nation. These obstacles base his construction of citizenship and nation upon white, middle class, educated European men.

Over the past few decades, along with the increasing the complexity of social relationships in today’s societies, wider understanding of security has evolved and outweighed the military dimension, encompassing economic, social, environmental, and political aspects. In this regard, new definitions of security have been formulated, one of the most important of which is the concept of societal security. Despite the fundamental need for societal security in Iran’s society, research activities in the field of security are mainly focused on defense, international, national security and foreign policy. Thus, this paper reviews and analyzes three outstanding and main works that have attempted to theoretically formulate societal security in Iranian society. The book entitled "A Theoretical Introduction to Societal Security" by Ghadir Nasri (2011) is an effort to identify the principles of societal security in various theories which explain the main components of societal security in Iran based on such principles. “Societal Security: An Islamic Approach” (2013) by Asghar Eftekari aims at identifying societal security patterns in Islamic discourse and proposing operational principles for strengthening societal security in Islamic society. In “Historical Sociology of Security in Iran” (2012), adopting a historical sociological approach, Mirsondosi tries to provide a deep understanding of societal security based on historical developments in Iran and within the relationships in social, political, economic, and cultural areas. In the present research, introducing these works, their efforts to establish the societal security in Iranian society are examined in terms of their form and content.

This paper studies the sociological areas of convergence and divergence national and ethnic identity of Iranian Lak people. The Lak ethnic is neither Lor nor kurd, but it belongs to  independent original Iranian ethnics which dates back to thousands of years, and their language is laki which belongs to the West -North Iranian languages. The research method is surveying and Statistical society is the Lak people living in Iran from whom 397 participants were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. The results confirm that the cultural and social aspects of ethnic identity converge with national identity the sense of deprivation and ethnical exclusion divergence from national identity. Standard regression coefficients show that the sense of deprivation has the highest reinforcing effect on ethnical identity and ancientism and sense of belonging to the ethnic has the highest reinforcing effect on national identity. In addition the education variable has a weakning role in ethnical identity and an intensifying role in national identity.

How to study nationalism as a discourse? What is the first step in the conceptualization of nationalism? These two questions form the central issue of this paper. In response to these questions, the leading writing attempts to emphasize the national identity as a central pillar in the discourse in understanding the discourse of nationalism. Indeed, it is an attempt by the paper to provide a conceptual, ontological, philosophical and theoretical conception of national identity - and hence the concept of fluid identity-the first step in understanding the discourse of nationalism. It seeks to show how to strike a grasp of the whole thrust of the discourse of nationalism can be viewed with a careful look, and by examining the components of this discourse - that the national identity as well as the nation are the most pivot of these components - one can understand Deeper, more precise and more plausible than nationalism. From this central focus of the paper, it focuses on the issue of identity and national identity and tries to examine the theoretical and analytical concepts by examining the approaches and theoretical tools that define national identity. Consequently, by defining the notion of identity and national identity through the use of symbolic action approaches and cultural, discourse and psychoanalytic approaches in the work of theorists such as Freud, Lacan, Zizek, Laclau and Mouffe, and analytical and problem-based reading of these views, pursue their goal.

Intersectionality explains how systems of domination such as class, gender, and nation converge and reproduce each other. Institutional ethnography is a suitable methodology for analyzing the experience of subordination since it explores people's experience in the context of institutional practices. This research describes Afghan mothers work regarding children's schooling taking into account their social status. National domination system benefits from Afghan women’s illiteracy to confine them in a lingual prison. Thus, Afghan women are put under a lot of pressure in the face of maternal responsibilities, as defined by education institution in the interest of dominant gender, nation, and class. Interview and observation are the main data collection techniques used in this research.

One of the most effective concepts in Iran modern art is "nationality". This paper concerns how this concept effects on Iran Modern Arts –focuses on Iran modern visual arts- and surveys the role of "government" and "political-cultural discourses" as "patronages of the arts," which work like mediators of these effects, during first and second Pahlavi eras. The hypothesis is the modern art trends, whether in the form of cultural policies or hegemonic intellectual discourses, are affected by patronages of the arts; and the purpose of the paper is access to various forms of the "nationality" operations, also find an explanation of "how" this concept shaped the form and content of contemporary Iranian artist’s trends and art movements in Pahlavi eras. This paper explains works or artistic trends affected by cultural and governmental policies which have similarities and differences in first and second Pahlavi. The writing method is analytical, and for this purpose, the library and historical documents are searched. As a result, the concept of "nationality" introduced as a central signifier, in both futuristic approaches like discourses such as "nation-state-building" and under that "nationalism" and "modernization", also in retrospect approaches like "Originalism" as well as "third world-ism, then proposed the resulting tendencies in the Iranian modern art.

National Identity means sense of dependence and loyalty to the common elements and symbols in a nation within the defined politically defined boundaries. National identity has different historical, cultural, social, geographical and political aspects. Land, history, religion and faith, language and literature, symbols and rituals, customs and rituals, values and beliefs, and government are considered as the most important elements of the national identity of a nation. Meanwhile, culturalhistorical dimension of the national identity including historical territory, myths, symbols, historical events, the ancient language and cultural heritage are more important. Transferring these elements, mainly historical, to the next generations in order to strengthen and reproduce the national identity is very necessary and literary, social, cultural and historical works of thinkers are considered as a basic source in this concern. Among the Iranian fine works, Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh is considered as an exception from the viewpoint of the existence of historical-cultural elements of Iranian identity. In this paper, attempts are made to study and analyze the role and position of Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh in strengthening and reproducing the Iranian identity with a descriptiveanalytical approach.

Discussion of ethnicity and nation in this summary will reduce its comprehensiveness and extension and make the task difficult. During past years, because of modern social, economical and cultural conditions due to industrialization, literacy, immigration and globalization, the basic elements of these concepts were changed and these changes affected definitions ethnic groups and societies have provided and have changed them thoroughly.

History is as a mirror that is very instructive for all people and it is a bed for growing and developing nations.Vast Khorasan is a piece of Persians language people, special Tajiks that remind numerous scientists and cultural honors that just some of them are enough to recognize the personality of a nations.In fact, checking the Tajikistan personality finding process in Khorasan history caused that Tajik people after nation independence can pride to those people and realize their real personality on them. In this process our main question is that how Tajik people found again their real personality in khorasan history. Research methods in this process is based on library and historical sources with analysis data.

Marriage and nationality have been categorized as personal affairs that appear in the realm of private law. Every country and international organization, based on theoretical foundations of the influence of theories of unity, absolute autonomy, and partial autonomy of the nationality of the spouses, has enacted different laws. Iran's civil law approach is based on "the unity of the family's nationality," and the primacy of the husband's nationality over the wifes, and even the primacy of the paternal kinship nationality over the maternal kinship one. This paper deals with the effects and counter-effects of marriage and nationality in case there are disagreements between couples. The paper, also, critically studies article nine of the convention of "the Elimination of Discrimination against Women", and some articles of the Iranian civil law and concludes that any amendments in the articles in this regard should take place in accordance with other articles, with an essential and reasonable choice in theoretical foundations. Finally, in order to achieve such an accomplishment, some premeditated amendments have been proposed in regard with some articles of the civil law.