جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « economic growth » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

During the last decade, promoting financial inclusion has been an ultimate goal to achieve inclusive growth for many countries, especially developing countries. In this regard, on the one hand, institutional quality can have an effect on financial inclusion; On the other hand, if financial inclusion is realized in all its dimensions, it can affect economic growth. On the other hand, the basis of economic growth is based on social development, and this title cannot be ignored. Based on these arguments, it can be concluded that there may be a simultaneous relationship between institutional quality and financial inclusion on the one hand; there should be financial inclusion and social development with economic growth on the other hand. In this regard, in the present research, the relationship between institutional quality, financial inclusion, social development and economic growth in Iran has been investigated based on the simultaneous equation system approach during the period from 1990 to 2022. The findings of the research showed that financial inclusion had a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Iran. It was also observed that institutional quality has a positive effect on economic growth. In addition, it was observed that social development has also led to the promotion of economic growth in Iran. Based on this, it is concluded that financial inclusion and social development directly and institutional quality, both directly and indirectly and through strengthening financial inclusion, have led to the improvement of the economic growth of Iran during the reviewed period.

The importance and impact of social security on economic variables is one of the topics studied in recent years. Most of these studies have examined the impact of social security expenditure on economic variables. While social security is made up of two parts, resources and expenditure, the review and comparison of the effectiveness of both parts should be considered. In this study, the impact of social security resources and expenditure on economic growth and employment in Iran during the period of 1988 to 2020 has been investigated.

This study has investigated the impact of social security resources and expenses on economic growth and employment using the structural vector autocorrelation (SVAR) model.

In response to fluctuations in unemployment insurance resources, it initially increases and then decreases. The response of economic growth to fluctuations in insurance and unemployment insurance expenditures is positive, but the effect of fluctuations in insurance expenditures is greater. Additionally, employment decreases in response to fluctuations in insurance and expenditure resources, but the effect of insurance resources is greater. In response to fluctuations in insurance expenditure, employment initially increases and then decreases, while in response to fluctuations in unemployment insurance expenditure, it initially decreases and then follows an increasing trend.

Increasing social security resources through insurance premiums should be done with high sensitivity so that it does not have adverse effects on growth and employment, especially in the short term. To increase social security resources, attention to unemployment insurance resources can have a much better effect. The coordination of the social security system with the macroeconomic policies in the adverse economic conditions can increase the efficiency of this system in the economy.

Through a qualitative method and semi-structured, in-depth interviews, this research seeks to understand why women refuse to partake in economic growth in the country. Thus, eleven experts, pundits, activists, and officials from organizations devoted to the field of women were interviewed. The results revealed that reasons behind the refusal of women to participate in economic growth fall into three main categories: “individual and familial deterrents,” which comprises two sub-categories: “lack of self-confidence in women” and “familial obstacles and instilling gender division of labor.” The second main category is “sociocultural obstacles,” which comprises “the dominance of traditional and patriarchal views” and “rejection of women as breadwinners.” “Structural obstacles and non-liquet” is the last main category of reasons behind the refusal of women to participate in economic growth to be studied in this research, which comprises three sub-categories: “lack of a holistic and systemic look at the economic participation of women,” “the masculine domain of decision-makers and policy-makers,” and “lack of problematization of the participation of women in policy-making.” Due to the qualitative nature of the research, the researchers have no generalized claims.

Economic growth and development is one of the goals that every economy pursues and the reason for this is many benefits that accomplish economic growth. Therefore, in the seventh development plan, like other previous ones, the issue of growth and development must be taken into account. In this regard, special attention should be paid to the concept of land management and sub-sectors that have advantages such as tourism. Tourism as the fourth most lucrative industry in the world, has high economic and social benefits, the development of which is one of the least costly methods of economic growth in the Seventh Development Plan. And since Iran is one of the top 10 countries in the world in terms of tourist attractions and one of the top 15 countries in terms of tourism diversity and one of the top 8 in the world in terms of diversity of handicrafts whereas in terms of climate diversity on the one hand and the existence of unique historical and cultural sites on the other, it is one of the few countries that has an absolute advantage in attracting world tourism. Therefore, in this article, the effect of foreign tourism on the economic growth of Iran's provinces in general and the separation of 9 land management zones in particular were studied to be proposed as an important sub-section in the seventh plan with respect to impact and the possibility of policy-making for planned areas. To achieve this, the data panel method and quarterly data collected from the Statistics Center of Iran and the Cultural Heritage Organization during 2011 to 2018 were used. The results showed that tourism has had a positive and significant effect on economic growth in most provinces of Iran. The highest effect is in areas 4 and 5 and the least effect is in areas 8 and 9 of land management, respectively. Therefore, special attention should be paid to capacity building in this sub-section in the seventh plan.

Increasing female labor force participation (FLFP) can improve the socioeconomic situation of nations and lead to sustainable development of societies. Therefore, the variable of female participation in the labor market and its determinants is one of the basic issues that have been frequently addressed in economic studies. This study examines the effect of economic growth on the participation of females in the labor market among Asian Muslim countries during 1995 to 2019 using a panel model. The results of the study indicate that if individual effects are not considered in estimating the panel data, as in previous studies, the U-shaped relationship between economic growth and female participation rates is confirmed among the set of countries considered. However if differences between countries are considered, this relationship is rejected. It is highlighted that considering the cross-country differences leads to clarification of unique dominated institutions in countries on FLFP as well as correct specification of the effect of economic growth on FLFP.

By creating public satisfaction, trust and security, good governance, provides a good platform for investment, which can pave the way for economic growth at the national and international levels for the country.Due to the importance of the subject, this study was conducted with the aim of validating a model for applying good governance from an economic perspective in West Azerbaijan Province. The present study is a cross-sectional survey in terms of practical purpose and method and time period of data collection. The statistical population includes managers and deputies of government organizations in West Azerbaijan province. The sample size was estimated 190 people by using Cochran's formula and sampling was performed by simple random method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that was validated by structural validity, convergent validity and divergent validity. Using Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability, the reliability of the questionnaire was assessed as desirable. To validate the good governance model, the partial least squares method and Smart PLS software were used. Finally, the indicators of good governance from an economic point of view were prioritized by the Savara method. The results show that improving economic policies and transparency of information and economic measures affect the fight against corruption and public accountability. These factors also affect economic development and citizen satisfaction. In this way, the economic consequences of good governance can be achieved. Therefore, the managers of West Azerbaijan Province can achieve the goals related to economic growth and development by observing the basic principles of good governance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of corruption on investment and economic growth , Which is examined using an open economic model and endogenous growth model with the mobilization of international capital. In particular, this model predicts that corruption will negatively impact investment and economic growth through the risk of corruption. For practical and experimental testing of these predictions, 42 countries for the period 2006 to 2019 were considered as a research sample with GMM estimating technique. The results showed: the corruption hampers growth through its impact on investment in an open economy by diverting international investment. The uncertainty induced by corruption acts on entrepreneurship and productive action. Thus, it decreases the return on investment and increases its variance, which discourages investment activities. The richer countries with better access to international financing should be growing faster and be less prone than emerging economies to the adverse effects of corruption. Finally, the interaction term between corruption and investment and its effects on economic growth is negative and significant, appearing to confirm the notion that less-invested countries are more prone to the adverse effects of corruption. This may suggest that the partial effect of corruption on growth varies by level of investment. In addition, for countries with low levels of investment, one would expect significant effects of corruption on economic growth attributable to increased uncertainty and instability.

Security is the bedrock of the growth of any society and people have always used all their material and spiritual tools and facilities throughout history to realize it and formed the government for this reason. One of the disturbing factors of security in Economic dimensions, smuggling of goods into the country without any rules. From the political point of view, goods smuggling is considered a negative point in countries; From the social aspect, smuggling of goods causes disruption of the social and income balance among the layers of the society and creates a rich and at the same time hated class in the society. From the economic point of view, the smuggling of goods also inflicts fatal blows on the economy of the society. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of smuggling of goods on the economic security of the country. 

The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of research design and method, and the statistical population includes the collective employees of the military-mission units of the police command headquarters of Bushehr province, which is 120 people using Cochran's table. They were chosen as a sample and in a simple random way. The tool for collecting information was a questionnaire made by the researcher, and content validity was used to check the validity of the questionnaire, and the reliability of the tool was checked by Cronbach's alpha test and calculated as 0.92.

The results showed that goods smuggling has an impact on the dimensions of economic security in such a way that with the increase in goods smuggling, the level of public participation, political stability, health of the legal system, health of the administrative system, quick access of countries to essential and strategic goods of the country and the rate of economic growth The country is declining. On the other hand, with the increase in the smuggling of goods, the level of political violence in the country increases.

It has been at least three decades since the beginning of the decline in fertility and consequently the decline in Iran's population growth rate but the effect of these changes, especially those regarding changes in the population age structure on Iranian economy are still unknown. The purpose of this study is to measure and analyze the net and direct effect of these changes on Iran's economic growth, i.e., the first demographic dividend. For this purpose, the conventional method in "National Transfer Accounts" and the age profiles of consumption and labor income based on the estimates of the "National Transfer Accounts of Iran" have been used. The first demographic dividend estimates reveal three distinct but related phases. It is negative in the first and third phases due to the increasing population of children and the elderly. The first demographic dividend becomes positive only in the middle phase (the transition phase). According to the results of this study, the share of older ages in the lifecycle deficit of Iranians will increase from about 10 percent to more than 50 percent by the middle of the fifteenth century SH. Favorable effects of changes in the population age structure of Iran as the demographic dividend will end by the first decade of the century, however demographic changes will open other windows of demographic dividend (productivity growth) whose realization requires socioeconomic planning and policy-making.

Understanding the logic behind the success and failure in economic growth, and institutional and global arrangements is the subject of this book. Identifying growth’s binding constraints and the need for finding solutions for development issues according to the circumstances of countries is an alternative approach to this book on development. This paper aims at evaluating “One Economics, Many Recipe” in presenting an initiative for economic growth and development. Analytical-descriptive method is used in reviewing the book and conducting methodological assessment. The results indicated the advantages and challenges of the arguments put forwarded by the book. Among the advantages is the consideration of each country's circumstances in growth policy, the lack of one size fits all for economic policies for development, challenging the universalism of neoclassical teachings, the distinction between ignition of growth and its sustainability, and questioning of the exaggerating in the benefits of trade liberalization. Among the challenges are using the prescription on the title of the translated book, problems in implementing the growth diagnostic method, utilizing qualitative methods instead of quantitative in growth diagnosis in practice, neglecting policies and measures for the second stage in growth sustainability, and methodological assessment of growth diagnosis.

The phenomenon of population aging is one of the most important economic, social and health challenges in the present century. Population changes can have a profound and important impact on economic growth. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the effect of population aging on economic growth in 20 member countries of MENA and Pakistan (MANAP) in the period 1960-2019 using two models of generalized method of moments (GMM) and panel vector autoregressive (PVAR). The results of the present study show that a one percent increase in population growth has led to an increase of 0.0021 in economic growth, while a one percent increase in the variables of the share of the elderly population (65 years and older) and the dependency ratio of the elderly population to the working age population decreases the economic growth by 0.2804 and 0.014, respectively. According to the research results, it is recommended that the government introduces incentive policies for population growth, including maternity leave for women, allocating financial resources to households to bear children and other financial supports to parents, as well as policies to reduce the effects of population aging, including increased capital accumulation and using capitalist methods in production and increased labor productivity through training and skills development.

Considering the advantages of knowledge-based economy in creating economic growth in countries, in the present study, the effect of knowledge-based economy on economic growth in different provinces of Iran during the period 1390-1387 using statistical data on the components of knowledge-based economy defined by the World Bank In eviews environment, a completely modified least squares minimum has been investigated through the panel integration model. The results of this study show that in the long run, the combined index of knowledge-based economy has a positive effect on economic growth of Iranian provinces, so that one percent change in the combined index of knowledge-based economy, GDP grows 0.16 percent. Also export development, improving labor productivity And the increase in government construction expenditures has a positive effect on economic growth in the provinces and the misery index has an inverse effect on economic growth. Therefore, economic policymakers should promote innovation systems and develop knowledge-based companies, improve information infrastructure for economic prosperity in Iranian provinces. And put communication, improving the knowledge and skills of human resources and export development and improving labor productivity on their agenda.

In this research, we simultaneously examined the natural resource curse hypothesis and the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in countries with high abundance of non-renewable energy during the period 2005-2018 by the method of non-linear simultaneous equations system. The results indicate that the resource curse hypothesis is not rejected and the inverse U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is rejected, ie the paradox of the abundance of natural resource and environmental degradation is realized. In other words, despite the decline in economic growth due to the abundance of non-renewable energy, instead of reducing environmental degradation, we are facing an increase in it. Moreover, the results indicate a positive and significant impact of human development and private investment on economic growth and a negative and significant impact of human development and health index on environmental degradation. Therefore, for sustainable economic growth, policies such as preventing excessive depletion of renewable energy resources, investing to compensate and conserve existing renewable energy and accelerating investment in renewable energy and technologies along with promoting environmental education to raise awareness of the environmental problems is recommended.

The concept of “Kolbari (Back Carrying)” has its roots in the economic relations in recent decades, and is the product of human society. This study intended to inspect the phenomenon of Kolbari and how it was interpreted from the perspective of active Kolbaran (Back Carriers) in the border region of Paveh City. The data of this qualitative study were collected through interviews, participatory observation and documentation, and the grounded theory method was used for data analysis. With the aim of obtaining theoretical saturation and using qualitative, theoretical, and purposeful sampling, 30 informed individuals were interviewed. The collected data were coded and categorized into 31 concepts, six main categories, and one core category. The six main categories were “ecology of the region”, “negligence of the relevant organizations”, “economic disorganization in the border region”, “pressures from the external structure”, “weakening of traditional modes of production”, and “kinship and cultural closeness”, and the core category, which included other categories, was “underdevelopment and lack of economic growth”. The results showed that Kolbari phenomenon as a historical and contextual issue can be the result of responding to economic, geographical, political, and cultural and livelihood facility deprivations and restrictions and unintended demarcations. The frontiers’ inference of the Kolbari phenomenon can be understood and interpreted as the only inevitable way to respond to underdevelopment and lack of economic growth in various dimensions of economic status, kinship and cultural affinity of the region.

This paper attempts to show the relation of fluctuations in macroeconomic indicators and robbery based on formal announcement of the country, and also evaluates the influences of relating independent variables.

The present research is applied in terms of purpose functional, in terms of implementation method, quantitative analysis which has been used longitudinal-comparative approach and analysis have been performed in two levels of descriptive and explanatory. Theoretical model of research and secondary analysis of data related to the I.R of Iran Statistics Center regarding robbery has been experimented as a dependent variable and macro and important economic indicators (unemployment, inflation and economic growth) as independent variables of research in a period of 7 years (from 2009 to 2015).

Based on the research findings, the correlation coefficient between robbery and variables (inflation rate, unemployment rate and economic growth) is evaluated 0.757. The ratio of the robbery variance which determined by aforementioned variables is equal to 0.573, and according to significance level, it is said that independent variables are able to explain some of the changes of the robbery variable.

it can be concluded that the independent variables are effective factors on robbery, namely the effect of variables (inflation and unemployment) on robbery are directly and the relationship between economic growth and robbery has been reversed. It is suggested that policymakers try to find the origins of increasing robbery in order to reduce robbery-related crimes.

Economic growth is an important macroeconomic goal of any country, but achieving high economic growth requires examining the factors that affect it. Changing the age structure of the population is one of the factors that affect the economic growth and productivity of countries. The share of the working-age population, the child dependency ratio, and the aged dependency ratio are among those demographic variables whose changes indicate the evolution of population structure. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to investigate and analyze the effect of population age structure on economic growth and labor productivity in Iran. In this regard, we have used the ordinary least squares(OLS) method to investigate the relationship between the population structure, economic growth, and labor productivity over the period 1975-2017. The results show that the increase in the population aged 0-14 years and population aged 15-64 years has a negative impact and the aged dependency ratio has a positive impact on economic growth. An increase in the aged dependency and a reduction in the child dependency ratio is found to be associated with an increase in productivity.

Achieving continuous economic growth has been and is one of the focal points in policy-making. This issue is mostly studied using economic growth models and approaches. One of the newest approaches to economic growth is pro-poor growth and subsequently the inclusive growth. These two approaches were offered when it was observed that poor people do not enjoy the benefits of economic growth comparing to other sections of society. One of the books published in this field is the book "Inclusive Growth in the Provinces of Iran: Policies and Indicators", the review and critique of which is on the agenda of this article and meanwhile attempts are made to provide suggestions for improving the content of the book in future editions. The findings of the book indicate that economic growth in Iran has been low in recent years and at the same time labor force participation has played an effective and significant role in the overall growth in the provinces. However, government policies that could have played an effective role in reducing poverty and inequality in the provinces have not been very successful in practice. In conclusion, it seems that moving toward inclusive growth requires the design and implementation of a coherent policy package from different dimensions.