جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « policy implementation » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Smuggling is a threat to the order and security of any country, and combating it requires a powerful organization that can prioritize the implementation of the policy. Realizing the importance of the need for tools to implement the policy, the current research sought to build organizational capacity in the implementation of the policy of combating goods and currency smuggling.

The current research has a qualitative approach, in the form of an interpretative paradigm, which used thematic analysis strategy to analyze the data. The data collection tool was semi-structured interviews with seventeen policy implementation actors who were selected purposefully. To validate the research findings, two strategies of external review and pluralism were used.

Five main themes and eighteen organizing themes, including strategy development (stable guidance and leadership, financial resources, formulation and support of implementation plans, organizational independence); Organizational infrastructure (manpower, recruitment and selection of employees, training and development, performance evaluation, communication system, technical skills); organizational culture and climate (acceptance of change, shared vision, organizational learning); Organizational interaction and participation (participation support structure, participation in policy planning and implementation, active cooperation in implementation); Implementation motivation (adaptability and appropriate response, encouragement of implementation actors) are effective in improving the organizational capacity in the implementation of the policy of combating goods and currency smuggling.

Achieving the goals of the anti-smuggling policy requires an organization that has a good capacity for implementation. Based on this, the identified factors not only lead to capacity building in the headquarters to fight against smuggling of goods and currency, but also facilitate the implementation of the policy.

This study aims at presenting a model for evaluating the effectiveness of implementing the Five-Year Development Plan Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Social Security Organization. As a combined method, quantitative methods (fuzzy inference system) and qualitative methods (interviews to determine fuzzy rules) have been used in different stages so that the implemented policies could be adequately evaluated. The statistical population of the study included the managers of the Social Security Organization and university professors who were selected through the purposive sampling method. The theoretical framework used to evaluate the effectiveness of the policies implemented in this organization was a combination of the two models of Matland and Hill and Hope. The results of the study showed that the level of conflict and ambiguity in the policies of the Social Security Organization was relatively high and the highest weaknesses were in terms of evaluation and accuracy in formulating the policies in this organization. The results of the dependence between the variables and the if-then rules indicate that if there are so many contradictions and ambiguities in the policies, if the level of using influence tools (use of force in the implementation of the policy), exchanging (use of bargaining and market-oriented view), and persuasion (cultural mechanisms) is too much, the policies will get ineffective. However, the final output of the Matland model indicated that due to the fuzzy nature of the model, the policies stood between the two functions of high and medium membership which shows low level of effectiveness.

The method of Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) was first introduced by Ragin and then applied in the various disciplines of social sciences by many scholars to explain their interested outcomes. This methodology is important because it has adopted characteristics from both quantitative and qualitative approaches; in fact, it is simultaneously variable-oriented and case-oriented, so the researcher can do causal research as well as gather some in-depth historical information on each case. In this article, at first, the mentioned method and its different types is reviewed. Then, the public policy researches conducted by Qualitative Comparative Analysis are classified into public policy fields, policy and politics, policy process, policy analysis and evaluation, and policy implementation. In fact, the purpose of this article is to introduce a method for an outcome explanation to policy scholars and policy makers, in order to apply it as well as other common methods. Certainly, scholars could find other applications of Qualitative Comparative Analysis in addition to the reviewed ones.