جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "socio-economic factors" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

This study investigates the effect of socioeconomic factors on income, savings and employment status during the outbreak and spread of Covid-19, with a focus on gender segregation between two groups of women and men.The data for this article were gathered through the administration of questionnaires. SPSS software was utilized to analyze the regressions related to the status of income, savings, and employment. The investigation encompasses a statistical population of1093 individuals, of which 523 are women and 570 are men at the 95% confidence level, the results of the regression analysis indicate that households with more members, tenants, and older individuals have all experienced a decline in income and savings, with males being disproportionately affected. Enhancing socioeconomic status, education, and income class has the potential to mitigate the detrimental effects of Corona. Specifically, women experience a greater reduction in damage than males in this regard. Among different jobs, self-employed jobs were disproportionately impacted by Corona than government and salaried positions. Given the significance of employment in both the public and private sectors within Iranian society, it was deliberated in this domain. In this regard, females have incurred a greater number of occupational injuries and losses than males. Hence, it can be asserted that employed women hold occupations that are more precarious in nature compared to employed men, and in times of emergencies such as the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, they will endure a greater degree of occupational harm.

The Corona virus in the world has forced millions of people to quarantine at home and caused anxiety. The main objective of this study was to study the effect of socio - economic covariates by controlling demographic and health covariates on corona anxiety in Naghadeh. Using Proportional stratified multi-stage sampling 384 women and men over 20 years old were selected and a 24-item CPDI questionnaire was completed for them in the fall of 2019. Then, data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling in Amos Software. Accoridng to the results, Corona anxiety was more for Turkish people than Kurdish ones, for families with low and medium monthly expenses than those with high ones, and for people with low and medium assessments of the future situation than thoes with high ones. People whose family members were not infected with Corona, used Internet and believed that Corona had little effect on their family compared to those whose one of their family members were infected with Corona, didn’t use internet, and emphasized family disputes had less anxiety. Also, by increasing economic insecurity feeling, the Corona anxiety increased.

This study examines how socioeconomic and demographic factors influence labor force participation (LFP) in Iran. Data from the Iranian Household Income and Expenditure Survey applied the pseudo-panel data method used. The logit model estimations show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between age and the probability of LFP, with higher chances of entering the labor market at younger than at middle or old ages. Marital status also affects LFP, with respectively never-married and divorced people more likely to participate in the labor market than married people. Being a student reduces the likelihood of LFP while having a larger household size and a higher level of education increases it. Being the head of the household increases the probability of LFP by 39%. Demographic trends in Iran, such as the high proportion of young adults (25-44 years old) who want to join the labor force, the large number of young people in higher education, and the rising rates of divorce and singlehood, suggest that the economic participation rate will increase shortly. Therefore, this important issue should be considered in the macro-policy.

The stock exchange is one of the main pillars of the country's economy, and paying attention to thisorganization not only brings prosperity to this organization, but also to the growth and development of thenational economy, for this reason, the factors that have the ability to influence this organization in some wayshould be analyzed. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis ofsocio-economic factors affecting the attraction of shareholders in the Tehran stock market. This research isconsidered as an exploratory research from the objective dimension, and from the strategy dimension, it wasclassified as non-experimental, field and qualitative research. The participating community of this researchconsists of all the shareholders of Tehran Stock Exchange in 2013-2014, who were selected through purposefulsampling until reaching theoretical saturation. Data were collected using unstructured open interviews andanalyzed through the systematic method of Strauss and Corbin. In general, the achievements of the fieldresearch include a central category, 4 main categories, 67 sub-categories and 139 concepts. In the sociologicalinvestigation of socio-economic factors affecting the attraction of shareholders in the Tehran stock market, fourapproaches and paradigm models were found in the form of investment behavior, investment to earn income forthe future, social contexts affecting the negative attitude towards the stock market and the lack of economicknowledge related to the stock market. The next stages of the research and the deeper examination of thesubjects and categories showed that the previous phenomena are part of the major and bigger phenomena underthe title of lack of institutionalization, abandonment and risk of investing in the stock market.

Presidential and Islamic Consultative Assembly elections in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province have been associated with high voter turnout in different periods. In fact, this province has always been one of the provinces with the highest turnout in both elections. In this study, the voters’ electoral behaviours in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province in the two Presidential and Islamic Consultative Assembly elections were investigated and compared with each other. To this end, the most important factors affecting their electoral behaviours in the two presidential and parliamentary elections were studied. By comparing the voters’ electoral behaviours in these two types of elections, it was sought to examine the impacts of varied factors on the presidential and parliamentary elections. This research was done since some research had tended to assume the voters’ equal electoral behaviours in the two mentioned elections by adopting a reductionist view and had consequently considered that similar factors could affect the voters’ electoral behaviours in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province in all elections.

The present survey was performed quantitatively with a descriptive-analytical purpose. The statistical population of the study included the citizens of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, from among whom a sample of 368 subjects was selected through the cluster sampling method. The data were collected by using a combined questionnaire (researcher-made questionnaire and those made by others). In other words, two questionnaires were utilized in this investigation, one related to the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections and another one related to the presidential elections. The items were almost the same for the titles of the relevant elections in both questionnaires. The independent variables consisted of thought leaders, religiosity, political propaganda, political orientation, economic factors, sociological factors, and tribal relations, as well as contextual variables. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were evaluated and confirmed based on the formal validation method and Cronbach's alpha test, respectively.

The findings revealed that the voters’ average electoral behaviours in the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections were higher than those related to the presidential elections. In explaining both types of electoral behaviours, the data showed that the variables of religiosity, political orientation, political propaganda, thought leaders, socio-economic factors, and sociological factors had a positive and significant relationship with the voters’ participations in both elections. The results also indicated that the extents to which each of these variables affected their electoral behaviours in the two elections were different, i.e., the independent variables did not equally accounted for the voters’ electoral behaviours in the mentioned elections. The results demonstrated that the variables of tribal relations, religiosity, and social factors had the greatest impacts on the electoral behaviours in the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections; on the other hand, the variables of thought leader, education, propaganda, and political orientation turned out to be the most influential factors in the presidential elections. Inconsistent with the research findings in other provinces, this study showed that people of all ages and genders participated in parliamentary elections. In more modern societies, the degrees of men and women’s participations are somewhat different. However, in this province, due to the entanglement of the phenomenon of the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections with many aspects of life and especially the issue of power, there was little or no difference between an old woman and a young man in terms of participation rate. However, in national events like presidential election, age and age group tended to affect the voters’ electoral behaviours. The research findings enabled us to argue that the voters’ electoral behaviours could be determined by the context, in which the research was conducted. In other words, while the variables influencing on the voters’ local electoral behaviours were all relatively traditional, the factors affecting their national electoral behaviours were of a more modern nature. To put this into perspective, due to the traditional context of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, a great deal of value was attached to local elections in the transition towards modernity and a set of more traditional variables tended to affect the voters’ electoral behaviours.In fact, the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections in the province were not just a political phenomenon independent of the context of life; it was rather one of the main components of everyday life serving as a major topic of public and private debates. In recent years, due to the dominant roles of the members of the parliament in the authoritative distribution of goods and services (politics) and the ordinary people and influential groups’ ties of interests with the parliament members, social variables, such as clan and tribal relations, tribal and traditional gaps, and consequently thought leaders’ positions, played a more prominent role in social mobilization and electoral participation, which ultimately shaped the voters’ behaviours.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Socio-Economic Factors and Sport Participation on Sport and Medical Expenditures of employees. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in nature, which has been done in a survey. The statistical population of this research consists of a number of employees of a military cultural center. The statistical sample was estimated to be 10 to 20 times the dimensions drawn in the conceptual model based on a sufficient number for modeling structural equations. Through simple random sampling, 80 people were selected as the research sample. The questionnaire of the present study was taken from the study of Noshiranzadeh (2011) that were distributed among 110 people and finally, 103 questionnaires were collected. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by convergent and divergent validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha test α=0.81. Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling and path analysis using SmartPLS software. Findings showed that the socio-economic factors has a significant effect on medical expenditures and sport expenditures. Sport participation also has a significant effect on sport expenditures, but does not have a significant effect on medical expenditures. As a result, understanding the relationship between socio-economic factors and sport participation in sports and health care costs can provide a comprehensive view for policy makers and public health professionals In order to purposefully develop comprehensive sport participation of the target community through comprehensive planning.

The main objective of this paper is to study the trends of women’s age at marriage and socio-economic factors influencing it during the years 1976‌2006 at the province level in rural and urban areas. First, the theories and background of the subject were reviewed. Then, the censuses of the years 1976, 1986, 1996, 2006 were used and through SPSS software, relevant indicators were estimated. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to analyze the socio-economic determinants of the mean age at first marring for women. The results show that women’s mean age at marriage increased more than one year in urban and rural areas during the last three decades. In addition, there were no considerable differences between women’s mean age at marriage in urban and rural areas. Some of the most important influential factors during the last three decades are unemployment rate, women’s economic participation rate, higher education rate and literacy rate.