جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "symbolism" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

The book "The Alchemist" by Paulo Coelho is a symbolic story that presents mystical themes in the form of a journey. This article examines the common mystical concepts between "The Alchemist" and the mystical teachings of Sheikh Ala'odoleh Semnani, a prominent mystic of the 7th and 8th centuries AH. It begins by identifying common mystical concepts such as the unity of existence, journey, symbolism, treasure, etc., and then analyzes comparatively how these concepts are expressed and interpreted in both works. Finally, it compares, evaluates, and critiques the mystical aspects of "The Alchemist" in light of Semnani's mystical teachings. This content analysis was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative approach based on library studies. Although the origin, style, method, purpose, and audience of this study differ, the findings suggest that Coelho shares verbal similarities with Sheikh Semnani's mystical teachings in the elements mentioned above. However, in terms of ultimate goal and purpose, they are completely contradictory and conflicting. By adopting mystical teachings and combining them with his ideas, Coelho seeks to promote a kind of modern or mixed spirituality to fill the voids of contemporary humanity. promote a kind of modern or blended spirituality to fill the voids of contemporary humanity, offering a new interpretation of life.

Lion is a repetitive motif in Iranian art especialy in visual ones. According to archaeologists , this animal has been reproducted in Iranian arts and crafts along thousands years. As animal symbol, ston lions are installed on the grave of the Bakhtiari strong and important persons as a sign of courage. This is a fieldwork research on current situation of stone lion cutting as a craft, its workshop and the cultural factors affecting its offer and demand in Bakhtiari territories. The observational and interviewal data which are necessory for an ethnographical approach are collected from the region and are got to analyse and interpret by emphasis on their symbolic and semiotic aspects. The findings show that the symbolism and activities related to stone lion cutting have been affected by (adapted to) the Bakhtiari territories as a natural factor and also by the close relationship between humans and animals in Bakhtiari life style as an effective cultural factor. Furthermore, ston lion plays role in healing and fertility rituals because it has special place in Bakhtiari beliefs. So its survival can be explained obviously with the socio- psychological, political and cultural factors.

The present paper seeks to review Hajj Qasim Suleimani's personality and behavioral dimensions with regard to indexes and indicators of commanders and identify his existential dimensions through IRIB based on the views of experts in behavioral sciences.

The paper uses a semi-structured interview method and a qualitative study of Commander Hajj Qasim Suleimani's behavioral and personality traits based on clips made in IRIB, audiences' view points, and eleven (six females and five males) experts of psychology and behavioral science who are members of Psychology and Counseling Organization Of Iran and Ph.D. students with the average median age of 38.5.

The identified indexes and indicators have been divided into personal and social ones in order of priority. Personal indexes include God-oriented sincerity and devotion, having morals, brevity, the spirit of resistance, Guardianship-Centeredness, martyrdom-seeking, sacrifice, humbleness, living a simple life, charismatic personality, self-confidence, optimism, agility, high emotional intelligence, and proper behavioral organization. Social indexes include being a cross-border personality, having the spirit of sympathy, being popular, being free from any political wing, having the sense of humor, being accepted and respected in groups, having the skill of negotiation, and helping the needy.

It is necessary and important for Islamic society of Iran to recognize personality dimensions of great personalities like Martyr Suleimani, and those in charge should try to preserve these valuable traits and teach them to next generations of our beloved country. Producing relevant contents can provide other members of society with a proper and correct model.

Ghassan Kanafani (1936-1972) is one of the most famous Palestine romancers who has created different personality types in four romances of “Men in the Sun”, ” All That's Left to You”, ” Returning to Haifa”, “Umme Sad”. Symbolic personality is one of the most important personality types that he has given more attention to, whether feminine or masculine, they have been used abundantly in his four romances. Perhaps it seems that Kanafani’s symbolic view to the feminine personalities has increased the content and technical richness in his romances. But the writer’s insistence on highlighting the symbolic dimension of personalities in the two romances of” All That's Left to You” and “Umme Sad”, is a matter that has made difficulties for real dimensions of these personalities in theoretical and technical points of view and has limited their freedom. The origin of this problem refers to this fact that the writer’s commitment and prejudice to Palestine in these two romances like his other romances, with enthusiasm and sensation follows to propose his idea about Palestine’s daily crisis and problems and their solutions. The symbolic personalities of romances are the tools to propagate and to promote these frequently revolutionary ideas. Therefore the main part of narrative and inherent potentials in these two romances, Instead of dedicating to enhance the natural and humanism dimensions of woman personalities are dedicated to enhance the symbolic and mythological dimensions of personalities in order to convey the message of the romances completely.

Mowlana’s positive and negative approaches to women being studied in the previous two parts of the article, the symbolic representation of women in his works is elaborated in this issue. Woman in Mowlana’s poetry is symbolized as divine love, spirituality, earth, and fertility, on the one hand, and corporeality, sensuality, worldliness, and cupidity, on the other hand. This contrastive symbolization of women is due to the duality of Mowlana’s views on women, which is rooted in the historical culture of the Muslims’. The next section of the article deals with Mowlana’s conduct towards women in his private life and social relations. This section best represents Mowlana’s conception of women, which is unique among mystics and poets.